Inca weapons

Inca weapons - Inca soldiers carried simple weapons of all kinds, specialization in weapons was carried out according to belonging to one or another ethnic group, for example, Chunk soldiers were specialists in the use of wooden hammers or makanas, while the soldiers of Antisuyu or high-mountain selva more often used bow and arrows. Also specializing in carrying weapons was the rank of a warrior.

Content

Defensive Weapons

Shields (Quechua: Hualcana ): They were used only by some soldiers, mostly high-ranking soldiers. They were made of wood, covered with leather. On their outside, tokapu geometric figures were engraved.

Guaman Poma de Ayala, Felipe , Cinci Roca

Helmets (Quechua: Uma chucu or “ headwear ”): Some are made of wood, others are made of wood reinforced with metal rings, others are made of copper. Copper helmets were used by generals and high-ranking soldiers, and helmets made of wood could be used by ordinary warriors, if it was convenient for them.
Bibs : also used mainly by generals. Usually they were decorated with symbolic engraving.

Attacking weapons

Spear thrower - a kind of sling designed for throwing spears or darts: they consisted of poles for throwing shells, the same as that of the Mexicans atlatl . They were used by soldiers of forest ethnic groups (from the Selva ).

Aztec Atlatl

Sling (Quechua: huaraca ): Consisted of a medium-length rope in which a projectile was placed in the middle (in this case, stones of a spherical shape) and started by spinning in a circular motion. There are references to the fact that Sapa Inca , taking part in the battle, used a sling for throwing gold shells, if so, due to the high density of gold such a shell had a longer flight range than stone, and huge lethal force.

Pachacutec uses sling or Huaraca .

Boleadoras (Quechua: liwi ) is a genus of lasso with stones or balls: they consisted of two or three heavy shells connected by ropes. They were thrown into the air and then thrown at the target to confuse its movements. They were also used for hunting.
Spears (Quechua: Suchuc Chuqui or spear ): two meters long, a favorite weapon of soldiers belonging to the Inca ethnic group of the outskirts of the city of Cuzco . All commanders used it as a symbol of power.

Makanas (Quechua: Chaska chuqui or “ spear with a spear in the form of a star ”): Wooden handles with heavy tops at the end, in fact, fighting clubs, maces, morgensterns. Usually the pommels were star-shaped and the macan was the most important weapon in the Inca army. They say that heavy pommels were usually made of gold or silver, depending on the rank of the soldier.

Macan Inca

Bows and arrows : used mainly by residents of the Selva ( Antisuyu region).

Wooden hammers (Quechua: Chambi ): Heavy bars with spikes. They were used mainly by southern ethnic groups.

Axes (Quechua: Cunca chucuna or “ that breaks the neck ”): could be made of stone or copper.

Inca weapons after the arrival of the Spaniards

The arrival of the Spaniards influenced the Incas in military craft: the Incas began to use horses, swords, metal armor and even guns . It is known that when Manco Inca Yupanka revolted, he formed a detachment of cavalry; he also used Spanish weapons.

Inca Force Structure

**The structure of the Inca troops** ^[1]
Social class	Representatives
Soldiers - avkak rune ^[2] ^[3] ^[4] .	Avkak ayuktakuska - army of soldiers: Apuskipay - Army General. In submission he had all the armed forces of the Empire. Avkak kunap apun - the main commander. Apuski Randin - Division General. He had 10,000 subordinates. Atun Apu is a brigadier general. He had 4000-5000 people subordinate. Vaminka Runa Pusariken Apu - captain over all captains, that is, Colonel. Avkakta yachachik (or bulachikuk) apu is an analogue of the Spanish rank " maestro de campo ". Avkak the pusarik, or Avkaman the pusarik, or Apu the captain. Atun Apu Randin - Deputy Commander. Apu Randin - Senior Lieutenant; Deputy Commander. Kamayuk is an officer. Varanka Kamayuk - battalion commander. In the subordination had 1000 people. Pachac Kamayuk - centurion, centurion. He had 100 people subordinate. Chunk Chamka Kamayuk is a lieutenant. He had 50 people subordinate. Chunka Kamayuk is a junior lieutenant. He had 10 people subordinate. Unanchayanak is the ensign, the standard bearer. In submission had 5 people. Inantin avkakta suyuchakapu - senior sergeant. Suyu Chunkachak is a senior sergeant conducting a troop review. Avkakninta suyuchak - sergeant. Runancha - the guide. Avkamanka arkaikamayuk, or Amachaykamayuk - garrison soldiers. Pukara Kamayuk is a spearman. Avkay pinkulu is a military flutist musician. Avkai Vankar, Vankar Kamayuk - drummer. Kipa Kamayuk - trumpeter (gave signals by a wooden pipe). Choru Kamayuk - trumpeter (gave signals to the sea shell). Avkanakuy Kamayu is an experienced soldier, a veteran. Vamak avkak [rune] is a rookie. Chapatiak or Chapa - Public Secret Guard: Kaumiva is a spy.

Notes

↑ Diego Gonzalez Holguin . Quechua Language Dictionary (1608). (unspecified) . www.bloknot.info (A. Skromnitsky). Date of treatment December 6, 2009. Archived on August 20, 2011.
↑ Resultados de la Búsqueda de imágenes de Google de http://aukawasi.rumimaki.org/image/ejercitoinca.jpg (neopr.) . Date of treatment August 16, 2009.
↑ Resultados de la Búsqueda de imágenes de Google de http://i94.photobucket.com/albums/l115/chassepot/Inca20Warriors202.jpg (unspecified) . Date of treatment August 16, 2009.
↑ Historia del Ejército Ecuatoriano. Pág.14 Archived on March 30, 2015.

Literature

Books

Kuprіnko S.A. Suspiciously-gospodarsky device of the empire іnkіv Tavantіnsuyu: author. dis. on the health sciences. Candidate degree istor. Sciences: 07.00.02. (neopr.) / Kuprіnko Sergiy Anatoliyovich; KNU іmenі Taras Shevchenko. - K .: LOGOS, 2013 .-- 20 p.
Kuprienko S.A. Sources of the XVI-XVII centuries on the history of the Incas: chronicles, documents, letters (Russian) / Ed. S.A. Kuprienko .. - K .: Vidavets Kuprіnko S.A., 2013 .-- 418 p. - ISBN 978-617-7085-03-3 .
Pachacuti Yamki Salkamajva , Kuprienko S.A. Report on the Antiquities of this Kingdom of Peru (Rus.) / Per. S. A. Kuprienko .. - K .: Vidavets Kuprіnko S.A., 2013 .-- 151 p. - ISBN 978-617-7085-09-5 .
Talah V.N. , Kuprienko S.A. America is the original. Sources on the history of the Mayans, Nahua (Asteks) and Incas (Russian) / Ed. V.N. Talah, S.A. Kuprienko .. - K .: Vidavets Kuprіnko S.A., 2013 .-- 370 p. - ISBN 978-617-7085-00-2 .