Fragrant Diperix ( Latin: Dipteryx odorata ) is a tree from the Diperix genus of the legume family, which grows in the tropics of South America , especially in Bolivia , Brazil , Guyana , Peru and Venezuela .
| Diperix fragrant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Sectional Dipherix Fetus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dipteryx odorata ( Aubl. ) Willd. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
Title
Synonyms [2] :
- Coumarouna odorata aubl . basionym
- Coumarouna tetraphylla ( Benth. ) Aubl.
- Dipteryx tetraphylla Benth.
Usage
Tonka Beans
Inside the fragrant dipterix fruit there is one black wrinkled seed 3-4 cm long and 1 cm wide. These seeds have a pleasant aroma reminiscent of vanilla , almonds , cinnamon and cloves and are sold under the names tonka, coumaruna, sumbarou, sarrapia, tagua .
The frequent use of these beans in the manufacture of men's perfumes is caused by the hypnotically erotic effect attributed to them. They flavor pipe tobacco , fresh shavings are used as incense .
In South America, they believe that the plant has magical and healing powers and the talismans from it bring good luck, protect against diseases and fulfill wishes.
Because of the vanilla-like taste, beans and the coumarin they contain are used as a cheap substitute for real vanilla called Mexican vanilla.
In very small quantities, tonka is added as a seasoning to desserts, the main component of which is often poppy or coconut , they are seasoned with muffins and pies. For desserts based on cream or milk, the beans are brewed for about 10 minutes so that they give up their aroma, and they can be brewed up to 10 times. Add tonka and rum .
There is an assumption that the fine coumarin contained in beans is an oncogen , which causes a reduction in their consumption.
In 1981, in Germany, this plant was completely prohibited for use in the manufacture of food products. Since 1991, this ban has been partially lifted, but there remains a limit on the maximum content of coumarin in products, which is 2 mg per kg.
Coumarin is also used in medicine, as it is an anticoagulant , but in high doses, this substance can cause death. It is also used as a cardiac stimulant , although it should be used with caution.
Wood
The wood of this tree is called Kumaru . The following names are also in use: Kumaru Verdedeiro, Muymage, Coemaroe, Tonka, Cayenne Guaiac, Shihuahuako, Visguero, Iesguero .
Having a beautiful texture, due to the complex pattern of fibers, Kumaru wood is devoid of visible tree rings. It has a distinct smell. Its density is 900–1150 kg / m³. The core wood is painted in a uniform grayish-brown color, without stripes, the sapwood is cream in color.
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of indicating the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ (link unavailable) Catalog of Life - 2010 Annual Checklist :: Search all names
Literature
- Text der Aromenverordnung http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/aromv/index.html
- Wörner, Martin; Schreier, Peter: Flüchtige Inhaltsstoffe aus Tonkabohnen (Dipteryx odorata Willd.). In: Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und Forschung , Band 193, S. 21-25 (1991), ISSN 0044-3026 .
- Sullivan, Gerald: Occurence of Umbelliferone in the seeds of Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd. In: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , Band 30, 609-610 (1982), ISSN 0021-8561 .
- Hayashi, T .; Thomson, RH: Isoflavanones from Dipteryx odorata. In: Phytochemistry , Band 13, S. 1943-1946 (1974), ISSN 0031-9422 .
- Nakano, T .; Tori, K .; Yoshimura, Y .: New isoflavones from the bark of. Dipteryx odorata. In: Revista Latinoamericana de Quimica , Band 10 (No. 1), S. 17-19 (1979), ISSN 0370-5943 .
Links
- CFR Title 21, section 189.130 Code of Federal Regulations section prohibiting coumarin and tonka beans
- Spice Pages: Tonka Beans