Boris Grigorievich Chukhnovsky ( March 28 ( April 9 ) 1898 - September 30, 1975 ) - Soviet aviator , one of the first polar pilots.
| Boris G. Chukhnovsky | ||||||||
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| Date of Birth | March 28 ( April 9 ), 1898 | |||||||
| Place of Birth | St. Petersburg | |||||||
| Date of death | September 30, 1975 (77 years) | |||||||
| Place of death | Moscow | |||||||
| Citizenship |  the USSR | |||||||
| Occupation | pilot | |||||||
| Awards and prizes |
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Content
Biography
Born in St. Petersburg . When he was four years old, the family moved to Gatchina . In 1910, an airfield was built in Gatchina and the first aeronautic school in Russia was established. Chukhnovsky immediately became interested in aviation. In 1917, he graduated from the school of sea pilots in Oranienbaum and began serving in the navy , later participated in the Civil War on the side of the Reds as part of the Volga-Caspian Military Flotilla Air Brigade .
The first flight to the Arctic (to New Earth ) Chukhnovsky made in 1924. In 1928 he joined the expedition to rescue the crew of the crashed airship in the Arctic “Italy” . The Yukers YUG-1 aircraft of Chukhnovsky was loaded onto the Krasin icebreaker , made reconnaissance flights, reached the Nobile camp on July 10 and dropped supplies on the ice floe. On July 11, Chukhnovsky found two Italians, Mariano and Zappi , who had left the camp a month before with F. Malmgren and tried to get to Spitsbergen on their own. On the way back, the plane made an emergency landing on an ice floe and damaged the chassis. Chukhnovsky in a radiogram insisted that the Krasin first go to rescue the Italians, and the crew of the aircraft had to spend five days on the ice. Krasin picked up aviators on July 16.
In 1932, Boris Chukhnovsky was going to test the “ Letatlin ” ornithopter , but because of the damage to the apparatus, the tests did not take place [1] .
In 1933 he proposed the idea of a specialized aircraft for use in the Arctic, made technical requirements for such an aircraft. The DAR plane (the distant Arctic investigator) was designed by R. L. Bartini , Chukhnovsky participated in its creation as a test pilot in 1935-1936 [2] [3]
In 1937-1938, Chukhnovsky participated in the search for Sigismund Levanevsky .
Chukhnovsky participated in the Great Patriotic War as part of the Northern Fleet , rose to the rank of colonel . After the war, continued to serve in the polar aviation.
In recent years, he lived in Moscow on Suvorovsky Boulevard in 7B-9/10 (residential building of Glavsevmorput) [4] .
He was buried at the New Gatchina cemetery .
Awards
He was awarded the Order of Lenin , three orders of the Red Banner , medals.
Memory
In the name of Chukhnovsky, streets and lanes are named in Dnepropetrovsk , Kolchugino , Omsk , Rostov-on-Don , Shakhty , Furmanov .
In the cinema
In the Soviet-Italian film "The Red Tent" ( 1969 ) the role of Boris Chukhnovsky was played by Nikita Mikhalkov .
Notes
- ↑ Rakhtanov I. Spiral of the artist // Ruthenia. Says Moscow.
- ↑ Bartini DAR
- ↑ Aircraft designs by R. L. Bartini
- ↑ Chukhnovsky Boris Grigorievich // Moscow Encyclopedia. / Ch. ed. S. O. Schmidt . - M. , 2007—2014. - T. Tom I. Faces of Moscow : [in 6 books.].
Links
- Red warts
- Conquerors of the Russian sky
- Chukhnovsky, Boris Grigorievich - an article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
- Photos from the expedition "Krasin"
Literature
- Zhuravlev V.V., Vabishchevich G. E., Mityurin D.V. In the sky of Oranienbaum. To the 100th anniversary of Naval Aviation in Oranienbaum. - Lomonosov, 2016. - 448 p. : il. - p. 401-405.
- Vinogradov S.F. In daring flight. - M .: Politizdat, 1975. - 128 p. - ( Heroes of the Soviet Motherland ). - 200 000 copies