The Golden Hat (German: Goldhut ) is a unique type of cone-shaped item made of bronze and gold , which is characteristic exclusively for the Protokelt culture of the funeral urn fields . Currently, only four such objects are known, dating from the period from 1400 to 800 BC. e.
Three "hats" were found in Germany - in Schifferstadt in 1835, in Burgtann in 1953, and probably in Swabia in the early 1990s. The last of them was acquired by the German government in 1999 and is now on display in Berlin . The highest hat comes from Burgtann - in a reconstructed form, its height is 88 cm.
The cone of another “hat” was found in 1844 much to the west - in the town of Avanton near Poitiers . This item is on display at the National Museum of Archeology in Saint-Germain-en-Laye . In 1999, all four subjects were first exhibited together in Bonn .
There is controversy regarding the purpose of the items. The most common opinion is that hats as objects of the solar cult (along with solar crosses ) were worn by priests on their heads. This is indicated by the image of a man in a similar headdress, preserved in the " royal grave " in Skane , Sweden . Some scholars are convinced that hats could be used by priests as a primitive calendar .
See also
- Heavenly Disc from Nebra
- Solar wagon
- Eberswald treasure
- Drape from Moldova
Literature
- Gold und Kult der Bronzezeit . (Exhibition catalog). Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nürnberg 2003. ISBN 3-926982-95-0
- Wilfried Menghin (ed.): Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica. Unze, Potsdam 32.2000, p. 31-108. ISSN 0341-1184
- Peter Schauer: Die Goldblechkegel der Bronzezeit - Ein Beitrag zur Kulturverbindung zwischen Orient und Mitteleuropa. Habelt, Bonn 1986. ISBN 3-7749-2238-1
- Gerhard Bott (ed.): Der Goldblechkegel von Ezelsdorf. (Exhibition cat.). Theiß, Stuttgart 1983. ISBN 3-8062-0390-3
- Mark Schmidt: Von Hüten, Kegeln und Kalendern oder Das blendende Licht des Orients. in: Ethnographisch-Archäologische Zeitschrift. Berlin 43.2002, p. 499-541. ISSN 0012-7477