Marquis, Ardan Angadykovich

Born in 1899 (or 1898) in a family of Buryat peasants. Was married. He lived in the city of Ulan-Ude in a house on Stalin Street. ^[1] During the civil war he was a partisan. ^[2]

Ardan Markizov - member of the RCP (b) since 1919 ^[2] . After the Siberian six-month courses of the command and political staff, he worked as an employee of the organizational and instructive department of the Irkutsk Provincial Committee of the RCP (B.) And then, at the invitation of Yaroslav Hasek , was also seconded to the International Division of the 5th Army Political Department in August 1920 ^{[3] [4]} in Irkutsk ^[2] .

The article of the Secretary of OK VKP (b) A. A. Markizov echoes in many respects the article by M. N. Yerbanov, where he also represents the national intelligentsia as the bearer of the "ideology of nationalism and pan-Mongolism . " In his opinion, “it is necessary to firmly grasp that the Buryat national democrats, expressing the interests of the Buryat kulaks, noahs and lamas in the first period of Soviet power in 1917-1918, played a counter-revolutionary role during the Semenov and Kolchak reaction and actively fought together with the reaction against the Soviet government . " ^[five]

In 1937 he was arrested ^[6] . According to one version of the charge of espionage ^[7] and the assassination attempt on Stalin ^[8] . According to another ^[9] , A. Markizov was arrested as part of a group that also included the director of the Kutulik MTS Pavel Burshtein , the Buryat communist and statesman Mikhey Erbanov . According to the minutes of the case, prepared by the NKVD bodies of the USSR , it appeared that an anti-party group had been disclosed that was accused of creating an "anti-Soviet, Pan-Mongol conspiracy whose purpose was to disrupt the sowing and use collective farm horses to organize saber raids in the rear of the Red Army . "

On June 10, 1938, according to Stalin's lists, he was sentenced to capital punishment, shot. ^[10] or as it was then reported to relatives, he was imprisoned for a term of “ten years without the right of correspondence ”. ^{[11] [12]}

Daughter - Engelsina Ardanovna Markizova . On January 27, 1936, as part of the Buryat-Mongolian delegation, headed by Mikhey Erbanov, the first secretary of the regional committee, he was at a reception in the Kremlin with his wife, who was then a student at the Moscow Medical Institute, and daughter Gele. At the reception, Gel was in the spotlight. She presented the bouquet to Stalin, loudly proclaiming: “The children of Buryat-Mongolia give you this!” Stalin picked her up and kissed her. Photographers and newsreels captured this scene. The photo of Joseph Stalin with little Gels in his arms in the USSR became legendary and was replicated by millions of copies. ^[13]

In 1937, the father of Geli Markizova, a member of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR ^[14] , People’s Commissar of Agriculture of the Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Second Secretary of the Buryat-Mongolian Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, was arrested on charges of participating in a counter-revolutionary Pan-Mongol organization and conducting counter-revolutionary espionage and sabotage work ^[15] .

In a secret Special Communication dated November 15, 1937, People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR N. I. Ezhov to the Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, I. V. Stalin, with a copy of the telegram of V. A. Tkachev, People’s Commissar for Internal Affairs of the Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (published on the website Of the Alexander Yakovlev Foundation ” ^[14] ) Yezhov asks for the arrest of Dorzhiev, Dampilon and Markizov. The Tkachev telegram addressed to Yezhov, in particular, stated:

“The counter-revolutionary underground Pan-Mongol spy-rebel organization in Buryatia is being revealed.
According to the testimony of the arrested participants of the center’s organization, the Pan-Mongolian organization included: Yerbanov - former secretary of the VKP (b) regional committee, Markizov - former second secretary of the VKP (b) regional committee, Dorzhiev - former chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, Dampilon - former chairman of BurtsIK, in Leningrad, professors: Borodin, Jamsarano and Abtu Anis Dorzhiev are unofficial representatives of Tibet. The organization covered all the main sectors of the national economy of Buryatia, creating rebel and sabotage branches in a number of regions. A number of organization members were associated with Japanese intelligence. As established by the investigation, Erbanov established contact with the Pan-Turkist center, headed by Rys-Kulov. 142 people were arrested in the case, including: people's commissars - 5, secretaries of the district committee of the CPSU (b) - 7, chairmen of the district executive committees - 5, employees of the NKVD - 3, workers of the republican organization - 54, kulaks and llamas - 68. "

In a telegram, Tkachev emphasized: “I continue the arrests. Passing according to testimonies as active participants in the center and organization, Dorzhiev is the former chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, Dampilon is the former Chairman of the BurTsIK and Markizov is the former second secretary of the regional committee of the CPSU (b) long ago expelled from the party, removed from work, they are all members of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. I ask, in order to reverse the investigation, to telegraphically authorize their arrest. I’m sending the interrogation protocol. ”

The decree on indictment and the adoption of a preventive measure of November 17, 1937, prepared by the security officer of the NKVD BMAASR junior lieutenant of state security Byuraev, in particular, states that A. Markizov “is sufficiently exposed” in that “he is a member of the counter-revolutionary Pan-Mongol organization and carried out counter-revolutionary espionage and sabotage work . " By this decree, the Marquis was accused as an accused under Art. 58-1 "a", 58-9, 58-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR . “A measure of restraint on how to evade the investigation and trial” was chosen as “detention in the Ulan-Ude prison” . ^[one]

A number of other leaders of the Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and enterprises of the republic were also arrested with Geli's father. Among them - M.N. Yerbanov , a former companion of Geli at a meeting with Stalin. ^[sixteen]

In the indictment of the bodies of the NKVD of the USSR , which Engelsina Sergeevna subsequently met, it appeared ^[15] :

“In October-November 1937, a bourgeois-nationalist, anti-Soviet, pan-Mongolian organization was liquidated on the territory of the Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which carried out rebel and sabotage activities on the instructions of Japanese intelligence ... One of the leaders of this organization was Marquis ... Under the leadership of Markizov, great sabotage was carried out in Zootechnical construction, as a result of which cattle was exposed to colds and mortality. The young growth totaled 40,000 heads ... ”

Believing that her father “was not a Japanese spy, not an enemy of the people” ^[15] , Gel, dictated by her mother, wrote a letter to Stalin, which, however, was not answered. Ardan Markizov was found guilty and sentenced to death. On June 2, 1938, the sentence was carried out. According to another version (distributed by the RIA Sibir news agency ( Ulan-Ude ) with reference to the Ulan-Ude newspaper Inform-Policy), “in 1937 my father was taken away - for ten years without the right of correspondence . ” ^{[11] [12] [17]}

• On February 1, 1936 he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor - for overfulfilment of the state plan for animal husbandry and for successes in the field of economic and cultural construction.

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