Bolshoi Irgiz ( Irgiz ) is a river in the Samara and Saratov regions of Russia, the left tributary of the Volga .
| Big Irgiz | |
|---|---|
 Near the village of Gorely Gai, Ivanteyevsky District, Saratov Region | |
| Characteristic | |
| Length | 675 km |
| Pool | 24,000 km² |
| Water consumption | 23 m³ / s (at the mouth) |
| Watercourse | |
| Source | |
| • Location | Krasnooktyabrsky settlement, Bolshekhernigovsky district of the Samara region |
| • Coordinates | |
| Mouth | Volgograd reservoir |
| • Height | 15 m |
| • Coordinates | |
| Location | |
| Water system | Volga → Caspian Sea |
| A country |
|
| Regions | Samara region , Saratov region |
| HWR code | |
Geography and Hydrology
The river is 675 km long, its catchment area is 24,000 km². The average annual flow rate in the lower reaches is about 23 m³ / s. Used for irrigation. High water in March - April (30 days, 86% of annual runoff). Snow food. Ledostavit from November to April (sometimes freezes to the bottom), spring ice drift for about 7 days. Sometimes it dries up in the summer. The drain is regulated by numerous dams. It feeds the Saratov irrigation canal .
The sources on the spurs of General Syrt , flowing, strongly winding, along a wide valley among the plowed steppe; snow food. It falls into the Volgograd reservoir below the city of Balakovo .
There are 2 large reservoirs on the river: Sulakskoye (water mirror area - 20 km², volume - 0.115 km³) and Pugachevskoye (10 km² and 0.06 km³, respectively). The route of the Saratov irrigation canal passes through the water area of the Sulak reservoir. In total, about 800 ponds and reservoirs with a total volume of 0.45 km³ were built in the Great Irgiz basin.
On the river there is the city of Pugachev , the villages of Belenka, Tolstoyovka, Bolshaya Tavolozhka, Staraya Porosheka, Imeleevka, Klevenka, Kanaevka, Yablonovy Guy, Gorely Guy, Preobrazhenka, Uspenka, Kamenka, Davydovka, Tambovka, Berezovo, Kamenka, Petra , Bridges, Dmitrievka, Bolshaya Muffler Samara region, the village Zavolzhsky, with. Small Perekopny with. Perekopnaya Luka, s. Sulak, the village of Sukhoi Otrog, the village of Beregovoi (Madhouse), Krivoluchye-Sura, Big Kushum, Vetka, Bykov spur, Krasny Yar, Kormozhka , Naumovka, Polylka, Small Kushum.
Etymology
Irgiz probably comes from Turkic roots, meaning bend and river, source . In 921, Ahmed ibn Fadlan mentioned the hydronym Irgiz. The definition of Bolshoi arose already in Russian usage [2] . In a report to the Synod in 1727, the Archbishop of Kazan, Sylvester, mentioned the river as Kirghiz : “schismatics live from the upper cities and counties along the Kirghiz river, fleeing from the survey, with their wives and children, is crowded” [3] .
Tributaries
(distance from the mouth)
- 19 km: Mayanga (Wet Mayanga beam)
- 88 km: Small Kushum
- 128 km: Big Kushum (Kushum)
- 239 km: Sakma
- 273 km: Sweatshirt
- 293 km: Klopikha
- 360 km: Boundary
- 406 km: Kamelik
- 425 km: Sister
- 468 km: Teplovka
- 472 km: Dry Oatmeal
- 476 km: Oatmeal
- 493 km: Wet Oatmeal
- 528 km: Vyazovka
- 567 km: Karalyk
- 585 km: Crane
- 590 km: Sukhoi Irgiz
- 600 km: Gusikha
- 614 km: Big Glushitsa
- 632 km: Talovka
- 638 km: Rostashi
Interesting Facts
A native of the village of Khasanovo [4] , the Bashkir writer Khadia Davletshina wrote a novel called Irgiz, for which she was the very first to be awarded the Salavat Yulaev Prize .
Water registry data
According to the state water register of Russia, it belongs to the Lower Volga Basin District , the water sector of the river is Bolshoy Irgiz from the source to the Sulak hydroelectric complex , and the river sub-basin is absent. The river basin is the Volga from the upper Kuibyshev reservoir to the confluence with the Caspian [5] .
See also
- Small Irgiz
Notes
- ↑ Surface Water Resources of the USSR: Hydrological Understanding. T. 12. Lower Volga and Western Kazakhstan. Vol. 1. Lower Volga / ed. O. M. Zubchenko. - L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1966 .-- 287 p.
- ↑ Samara place-names (Inaccessible link - history ) .
- ↑ Collection of statistical information on the Samara province. - Samara : Edition of the Samara provincial zemstvo, 1889. - T. 6. Nikolaev district. - S. 8-9. - 1134 s.
- ↑ Davletshina Khadiya Lutfullovna // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- ↑ State Water Register of the Russian Federation: Greater Irgiz . Archived on November 4, 2012.
Links
- Big Irgiz // Big Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- Big Irgiz // Dictionary of modern geographical names / Rus. geo about . Mosk. Centre; Under the total. ed. Acad. V.M. Kotlyakova . Institute of Geography RAS . - Yekaterinburg: U-Factoria, 2006.
- Photo Gallery: B. Irgiz
- The article used information provided by the Federal Agency for Water Resources from the list of water bodies registered in the state water register as of March 29, 2009. List (rar-archive, 3.21 Mb).