Testaments (magazine)

It was created in April 1912 at the initiative of one of the leaders of the party of socialists-revolutionaries V.M. Chernov . The name of the magazine implied the traditions of populism, the continuity of its ideology. Publisher - S. A. Ivanchina-Pisareva , editors P. P. Infantiev (1912), I. I. Kraevsky (1913), N. M. Kuzmin (1914). The editorial board of the journal included R.V. Ivanov-Razumnik , A.I. Ivanchin-Pisarev , S.D. Mstislavsky (pseudonym S. Maslovsky), S.P. Postnikov and V.M. Chernov. It was located in St. Petersburg in Kosy lane d.11.

He came out legally, although he was periodically censored - the first issue of the magazine, for example, was confiscated. In September 1914 it was closed by a decision of the Petrograd Court of Justice.

The journal published M. Gorky (“The Birth of a Man”), I. Bunin (“The Merry Court”), M. Kotsyubinsky (“Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors”), L. Andreev , O. Forsh , A. Blok , E. Zamyatin ( "County"), A. Remizov , I. Volnov ("The Tale of the Days of My Life", Y. Baltrushaitis , F. Sologub , S. Gorodetsky , N. Klyuyev and others.

The historical and literary department, which was led by R.V. Ivanov-Razumnik, published articles by S. Vengerov , V. Evgeniev-Maksimov and others, memoirs of A. Ivanchin-Pisarev, letters of I. A. Goncharov , “Shadows” M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin .

The name of the magazine means loyalty to populist ideas. The first issue of the magazine opened with portraits of the fathers of Russian democracy A. Herzen and N. Mikhailovsky . The artistic and aesthetic side of the magazine was largely determined by the respected literary historian and sociologist R.V. Ivanov-Razumnik, who was respected in the cultural world of St. Petersburg. His two-volume “History of Russian Public Thought”, which has survived four editions since 1907, was popular among the Russian intelligentsia.

The magazine immediately declared itself to be high-quality literature, which the Socialist-Revolutionaries , unlike the Social Democrats, in every possible way greeted in their publications. The reader was looking forward to new tales and stories of recognized Russian prose writers. The magazine also opened the doors to young bright writers - S. Sergeyev-Tsensky , B. Zaitsev , I. Shmelev , M. Prishvin , Alexey Tolstoy were published here. Poets of different directions also brought new poems here: fashionable acmeists N. Gumilyov , A. Akhmatova , S. Gorodetsky and self-futurist I. Severyanin , symbolist A. Blok and imagist S. Yesenin .

The first publication of the magazine (1912) was the novel by V. Ropshin ( Boris Savinkov ) “That which did not exist,” which aroused criticism from the Social Democrats. As a writer, B. Savinkov was already known for his novel “The Pale Horse”.

The magazine constantly published creative portraits of writers, reviews, and literary reviews. A controversy arose around certain works: the reminiscences of the novel The Fifth Ulcer by A. Remizov and Nikon Starokolenny by M. Prishvin, novels by Z. Gippius and D. Merezhkovsky , A. Bely (Petersburg), the novel Far East and the stories of B. Zaitsev, the stories and tales of Gorky and S. Sergeyev-Tsensky, poems and novels by F. Sologub, the play by L. Andreev “Professor Storitsyn”, the lyrics of A. Blok and his poem “The Rose and the Cross”, collections of poems A Akhmatova, I. Severyanina.

The controversy of R.V. Ivanov-Razumnik “Man and Culture” caused a lot of controversy, where the author claimed that Pushkin, Dostoevsky, L. Tolstoy are heralds of a spiritual and moral culture that is incomparable in meaning with the culture of Western “civilization”, which is being reimbursed by Europe.

• Zamotin I.I. An Essay on the History of Journalism for the First Half of the 19th Century // History of Russian literature of the XIX century. Edited by Ovsyaniko-Kulikovsky. t. II. - M., 1910;
• Baltrushaitis Yu. K. Letters to V. S. Mirolyubov and R. V. Ivanov-Razumnik // Yearbook of the Manuscript Department of the Pushkin House on 1977. L., 1979;
• Morozov K. N. The Testament magazine and the ideological search for the Socialist-Revolutionary Party during the years of the new revolutionary upsurge in Russia (1912-1914) // Problems of Russian and Foreign History ... Samara, 1991;
• Yudina I.M. Archive of A.I. Ivanchin-Pisarev, in the book: Yearbook of the manuscript department of the Pushkin House for 1973. - L., 1976;
• Novikova N.V. Magazine "Testaments": on the history of creation, formation, reception // Changing Russia - changing literature: artistic experience of the XX - beginning of the XXI centuries: Sat. scientific tr / Comp., Otv. ed. prof. A.I. Vanyukov. Saratov, 2008. Issue. II. S. 44-50;
• Novikova N. V. Programmatic literary critical remarks by Ivanov-Razumnik in the journal "Testament" // Changing Russia - changing literature: artistic experience of the XX-XXI centuries: Sat. scientific tr / Comp., Otv. ed. prof. A.I. Vanyukov. Saratov, 2006.S. 87-94;
• Novikova N.V. R.V. Ivanov-Razumnik - editor and author of the magazine "Testaments" (1912-1914) // Literary and critical speeches by R.V. Ivanov-Razumnik in the journal "Testaments": Textbook. allowance for students studying for ex. 031000 and spec. 031001 "Philology" / Comp. N.V. Novikova; Ed. E.P. Nikitina, I.A. Knigina. Saratov, 2007.S. 3-44;
• Novikova N.V. R.V. Ivanov-Razumnik - literary editor and critic of the magazine "Testament" - on the debut of acmeists // Tomsk State University Journal. MGOU. Ser. Russian philology. 2007. No. 2. M., S. 200-209;
• Keldysh V. A. Realism and Neorealism // Russian Literature at the Turn of the Century (1890s - early 1920s). - M., 2001. Book. 1, pp. 269-270.
• Postnikov S.P. My literary memories. To the history of a magazine. ^[1] - Arkhangelsk, 2007. 36 p.
• Doikov, Yu.V. S.P. Postnikov. Materials for the biography. (1883-1965) - Arkhangelsk. Author's edition. 2010 .-- 294 p.

• "Testaments"
• Encyclopedia of St. Petersburg