Institute of History SB RAS

The Institute's predecessor was the industry history sector of the Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences , created in 1961, and in 1962 the sector was transformed into the Department of Humanitarian Studies of the same institute. On December 25 , 1966, the Department was separated into an independent Institute of History, Philology and Philosophy (IIFF) of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences ^[1] .

In 1990, the IIFF SOAN of the USSR was transformed into the Joint Institute of History, Philology and Philosophy (JIIIF) of the SB RAS from three institutes (formed on the basis of two historical departments of the Institute of History of the SB RAS, the Institute of Philosophy and Law of the SB RAS , and the Institute of Philology of the SB RAS ). Since 2007 - an independent Institute of History of the SB RAS ^[2] .

• Corresponding Member RAS L. M. Goryushkin ( 1991 - 1997 ),
• Corresponding Member RAS V. A. Lamin (director of the institute since 1998 , general director of the Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mathematics in 2001 - 2006 ) ^[3] .
• Acting V.I.Kozoda (2018 −2019)
• V.M. Rynkov (since January 2019).

• Directorate
• Academic Council
• Scientific departments
  • Sector of archeography and source studies (head of the sector, Dr. of Historical Sciences Alexander Khristianovich Elert).
  • The history sector of the second half of the 16th - beginning of the 20th centuries (Head of the sector, Doctor of Historical Sciences Mikhail Viktorovich Shilovsky ).
  • Sector of the history of socio-political development
  • Sector of the history of socio-economic development (head of the sector of candidate of historical sciences Natalya Aleksandrovna Kuperstokh).
  • Sector of agrarian history (head of the sector, Dr. of historical sciences Vladimir Andreevich Ilyinykh).
  • Sector of historical and demographic research (Vladimir Anatolyevich Isupov, Head of the Department, Doctor of Historical Sciences).
  • Sector Museum of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Head of the Sector of Candidate of Historical Sciences Nikolai Nikolaevich Pokrovsky-ml.)
• Department of Training of Scientific Personnel (Graduate School)
• Dissertation Council D 200.05.01
• Library ( on-line electronic catalog ) ^[4]
• Scientific Youth Council

The Institute of History of the SB RAS has 71 scientific and administrative staff members, including:

• 1 corresponding member of the RAS - V. A. Lamin .
• 21 doctor of sciences
• 26 candidates of sciences ^[5]

Among the employees of the institute are doctors of sciences N. N. Ablazhey, N. S. Guryanov, L. I. Zhurov, O. D. Zhuravel, G. M. Zaporozhchenko, V. A. Ilyinykh, V. I. Isaev, V. A Isupov, S. A. Krasilnikov , N. P. Mathanova, A. A. Nikolaev, S. A. Papkov, I. M. Savitsky, M. V. Shilovsky , V. I. Shishkin, O. N. Shelegin , A.H. Elert; Candidates of Sciences V.V. Zhuravlev, A.K. Kirillov, E.V. Komleva, N.A. Kuperstokh, T.V. Panich, S.G. Petrov, V.M. Rynkov, A.I. Savin, D. G. Simonov, I. R. Sokolovsky, A. I. Timoshenko, L. V. Titova, E. N. Tumanik ^[6] .

From 1965 to 2013, academician N.N. Pokrovsky worked at the institute.

In different years, the famous historians of Siberia worked at the institute: L. M. Goryushkin , N. Ya. Gushchin (1929-1996), A. I. Maltsev (1959-2005), A. S. Moskovsky (1923-2010), V S. Poznansky (1930-2005), D. Ya. Rezun (1945-2012), S. S. Bukin (1953-2012) M. M. Gromyko ^[7] . In addition, in different years, G.A. Bochanova, E. G. Vodichev, A. A. Dolgolyuk (1950—2018), N. D. Zolnikova (1949—2018), T. S. Mamsik, M. P. Malysheva (1939—2018), I. B Karpunina, G. A. Nozdrin (1947–2008), A. P. Melentyev (1946–2018), L. I. Pystina, V. L. Soskin , L. B. Us (1962–2007), S. N. Ushakova ^{[8] [9]} .

The main research topic of the institute is the history of Siberia in the 16th – 21st centuries .

In the 1960s and 1980s Institute historians worked on the creation of multi-volume editions “History of Siberia” ( awarded the USSR State Prize in 1973 ), “History of the working class of Siberia”, “History of the peasantry of Siberia”, participated in the development and implementation of targeted research programs “Siberia” and “Historical Experience” development of Siberia. "

The main scientific direction of the institute's work is a comprehensive study of the problems of the history of Asian Russia during the development of world civilization , a study of the history of the development and development of the eastern territories of Russia. The Institute is guided by the basic directions of basic research approved by the RAS . Since 2000, the Institute’s work has been focused on the theme “Asian Russia in the context of European and world civilization”, within the framework of which the program “Population, Economics, Public Consciousness and Culture of Asian Russia” is implemented and the projects: “Monuments of Russian book writing, culture and literature in Siberia XVI - XX centuries. "; “ Frontier in Siberia : general and special in the context of Russian and world history of the 17th – early 20th centuries”; “Socio-economic and demographic factors of regional processes in Siberia in the XX century”; "Power and society in Siberia ( 1917 - 1945 )"; "Regional cultural policy and the transformation of the cultural potential of Siberia in the XX century." The Institute also participates in the implementation of a number of integration projects and programs, in the preparation of encyclopedic publications. Fundamental scientific developments are widely used in the practice of environmental management and ecology, market relations and farming, cooperative movement, interethnic relations, socio-political life and management, in the field of science and culture ^[5] .

1969

The final volume of the five-volume “History of Siberia from Ancient Times to the Present Day” has gone out of print. More than 150 researchers took part in writing this fundamental work. This is a generalized work on the history of a large region of the country, from ancient Paleolithic sites to the 1960s ^[10] .

2003

The analysis of the dynamics of the political struggle in Siberia from February 1917 to the beginning of 1920 is carried out. It is concluded that political processes had regional specifics.

The absence of strict social differentiation, the small number of the urban population and middle strata in its composition determined a pronounced tendency to unite formally diverse political parties and associations under the slogans of regionalism. The weakness of the social support of the Bolsheviks and the contradictions in the anti-Bolshevik coalition in Siberia led to the existence of real multilateral power in the region from November 1917 to spring 1918, when the Soviets coexisted with city councils and zemstvo institutions.

- Report of the SB RAS for 2003

Many years of work were completed to identify (establish autographs) and study in the Old Believer manuscripts the original works of the monk Euthymius , one of the most significant ideologists of the old faith in the 18th century. Two handwritten collection-autograph of Euthymius was discovered. Seven original writings of the monk, written at different times, were found. Compositions introduced into scientific circulation disclose the content of the teachings of the stranger ideologist in all its components (the preaching of desertification, eschatology, ways to preserve the true faith), give an idea of ​​the evolution of his views, the main stages of the monk’s biography, and allow us to extract information about the history of the Old Believer movement in the XVIII century. ^[11] .

2004

The administrative, town-planning, entrepreneurial and cultural and educational activities in Siberia of the founder of the Union of Salvation and the Union of Welfare of the Decembrist A. N. Muravyov are investigated . It was established that the basis of his career was the desire to improve public administration mechanisms, which is directly related to his worldview of the Decembrist. The topic of his Christian-philosophical views was first revealed.

A study was conducted of the socio-economic policy of the anti-Bolshevik governments of eastern Russia in the second half of 1918-1919 in the field of monetary policy (the effect of emissions on inflation dynamics and the state of the money market); tax collection activities; forms of resource mobilization through market and violent methods; the activities of the supply agencies of the army and civilians in eastern Russia; measures to strengthen industrial production and maintain the health of transport routes; social politics; agricultural activities. An analysis of the main macroeconomic parameters showed that, despite the completely different principles of the economic policy of anti-Bolshevik governments than “ war communism ”, the same crisis processes are observed as in Soviet Russia, but with slower dynamics. The difference is that in the conditions of anti-Bolshevik regimes, it was easier for the population to adapt to complex and rapidly changing socio-economic conditions, and the state and the fairly freely functioning sector of private public organizations were an important support in the process of survival. The role of the personality of the chieftain G. M. Semenov is shown ^[12] .

2008

The concepts of the process of Europeanization of the public consciousness of Russia during the transition from the medieval type culture to the culture of the New Time have been clarified ^[13] . In many ways, the development of the Russian Church is presented in a new way, the role of the creative heritage of the Kiev Metropolitanate in the formation of the Russian version of Orthodoxy is shown.

It is shown that the social development programs of the Provisional Siberian and Russian Governments were characterized by a focus on social consensus, priority support for education and enlightenment, and legislatively formalized social functions of the state. At the same time, the low efficiency of social policy was determined not only by military conditions, but also by insufficient qualifications of the administrative apparatus, high social expectations in society, and a catastrophically low level of social partnership. The social utopianism of anti-Bolshevik governments became one of the reasons for their defeat in the Civil War ^[14] .

For the first time in Russian historiography, a comprehensive analysis of the main directions of reforming the agrarian system of Western Siberia in 1953-1964 was carried out. ^[15] . The information revealed by the Fund of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPSU for the RSFSR (RGANI) on the extremely low quality of grain harvested in the virgin lands has allowed adjustments to be made to the generally accepted views on the history of the virgin campaign. Negative phenomena in virgin grain farming did not appear in the early 1960s, but practically from the very beginning of the campaign for its development.

One of the main reasons that compelled the state to resort to import of grain in 1963, along with crop failure, can also be considered the low quality of virgin bread. Spraying allocated for the development of agriculture related to the mass development of new lands

financial resources led to the fact that neither virgin nor old plow regions had sufficient funds to build new and modernize existing grain production infrastructure facilities, which also contributed to lowering the quality of grain produced. Due to poor quality, virgin grain could not be widely used in the national economy, and even in the most productive years the need to resort to grain state reserves did not disappear ^[16] .

- Report of the SB RAS for 2008

2009

In 2009, the Institute published the “Historical Encyclopedia of Siberia” ^{[17] [18]} .

2010

Published works of a journalist of the XVI century. Maxim Grek ^[19] . For the first time published texts of 32 works of the writer. Some questions related to the public position of the writer were clarified, in particular, in his essay “To the rulers of the faithful,” he made specific recommendations on government ^[20] .

For the first time in Russian historiography, the formation process of the Siberian Army , organized at the end of May 1918 in Novonikolaevsk ^{[21], is} shown. It was established that it was the units of the Siberian Army, and not the Czechoslovak Corps, that played a decisive role in military operations in the Urals and Siberia in the spring and summer of 1918. At the same time, anti-Bolshevik armed formations did not outnumber the units of the Red Army . It is proved that the Siberian Army became the basis for the formation of the Russian army of Admiral A.V. Kolchak , which, along with the Armed Forces of the South of Russia , became the shock force of the counter-revolution at the crucial stage of the large-scale Civil War in Russia .

For the first time, a detailed reconstruction of the course of the procurement campaigns of 1927/28, 1928/29, and 1929/30 was carried out, a chronicle of Ivan Stalin’s trip to Siberia in January 1928 was recreated in detail. It was proved that the cause of the 1928/29 crisis in Siberia was unlike in previous years, it was not the position of the peasantry, but the desire of the state to smooth out the consequences of crop failure in Ukraine and the North Caucasus due to excessive harvesting of grain. It is established that used in the late 1920s. non-economic methods of harvesting were not, as the researchers had previously believed, “lowered from above”, but were the result of a kind of dialogue between the center and the regions. The author of the idea of ​​attracting peasants who refused to sell bread to the state at low prices, was prosecuted under Article 107 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR not Stalin, but the prosecutor of the Siberian Territory. The Secretary General, who arrived in Siberia in January 1928, supported this idea and authorized its application in other regions of the country. The fundamentals of the Ural-Siberian procurement method were developed and first applied in the Urals. On March 20, 1929, the method was approved by the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU (B.) . Sibkraik VKP (b) supplemented the new method with the effective tools necessary for its implementation ^[22] .

2011

Significant results include the digitalization of the film archive of R. I. Akhmerov (16 films). For the first time in the history of the SB RAS, film and photo documents have become the subject of regular research. The fund of the oldest photographer of the SB RAS RI Akhmerov is fully laid out and described in the Electronic Archive. For 2010-2011 6000 photo documents were introduced, the archive of the weekly SB RAS “ Science in Siberia ” for 1961-1997 was completely scanned and described in the system.

The staff of the sector of archeography and source studies has published the third volume of “Descriptions of manuscripts of the XVI-XX centuries. from the collection of the AI ​​SB RAS ” ^{[23] [24]} .

... presents 223 storage units purchased in 1997-2009. New lists of traditional texts of the Russian Middle Ages and documentary and literary sources unknown in science are being introduced into the scientific circulation, most of which are the writings of Old Believers. The appendix contains 10 lives of Russian saints according to the lists of the XVI-XIX centuries. from the collection of the AI ​​SB RAS. Manuscript materials introduced into scientific circulation are important sources for studying social and political processes in the Russian state of the 16th – 20th centuries. and traditions of spiritual culture.

- Report of the SB RAS for 2011

2012

The Institute of History has prepared a scientific publication of the Latukhinskaya Degree Book of the Tsarist Genealogy, the largest written monument of the second half of the 17th century. ( 1670 ) This monument is the result of a substantial revision and addition of the Degree Book of Tsarist Genealogy of 1562. The monument attracted the attention of historians, beginning with N. M. Karamzin , but has never been fully published.

The text of the Latuhin Degree Book gives a significant increment of historical knowledge, due to both a description of the events of the 1560-1660s and a sharp increase in the range of sources over the previous seven centuries. The relevance and practical importance of introducing the full text of this source into scientific circulation is determined by the important and current goal of the author of the Latukhinskaya Stepbook - to show the common destinies of the three East Slavic peoples and the population of the whole country. Here, sequentially, since ancient times, news has been gathered about the fate of Ukraine , Belarus , Great Russia, as well as information about Siberia, the Kazan Khanate, and overcoming the Time of Troubles . The first sheet of the “Latuhinskaya Degree Book of Tsarist Genealogy” (1670) opens with an acrostic. The creator of the Latukhinskaya degree book precedes his manuscripts on history and musicology with verses. This is a sign of penetration into Russia of the pan-European Baroque culture. This monument of writing allows us to trace not only the important role of the state in the church building of all centuries of Russian history, but also the role of the supreme power in the formation of the ideology of an absolutist state.

- Report of the Siberian Branch of the RAS for 2012

A comprehensive study of the development of English and German-speaking anthrax at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 21st centuries was carried out. Based on a wide range of historiographic sources, the periodization of Western historiography on the study of Siberia is developed. Their capabilities and limitations, application prospects, and also to compare them with the evolution of methods and approaches on this issue in Russian historiography are revealed. It is established that in relation to Siberian history, Western scholars developed the concepts of “Russian eastern expansion”, colonization, modernization, applied the theory of “ frontier ”, “ heartland ”, “imperial” and “adaptive” approaches, and ethnographic and anthropological research methods. Many of these concepts were sharply criticized and rejected by Soviet anthropologists, however they are actively used in modern Russian historiography ^[25]

2013

The Ural-Siberian Patericon, an extensive historical and hagiographic codebook, created in the late 1940s and early 1990s, was studied. in the largest Old Believer chapel accord . It is based on the writings of the Old Believers of the 18th-19th centuries. records of oral traditions, copyright texts of peasant writers. This is a unique fact of reproduction of the oldest hagiographic genre in the conditions of the 20th century. Researchers have shown the mechanisms of work of the Old Believer scribes: first of all, the peasants’s oral memoirs were processed into everyday texts. In addition, a selection was made of the necessary facts, and sometimes their interpretations, from the "alien" literature of other faiths. The influence of Old Russian and Byzantine hagiographic literature on the worldview and norms of behavior of the heroes of the Patericon - Siberian peasants and monks is traced.

Published "Encyclopedic Dictionary of the History of Merchants and Commerce of Siberia" ^[26] . The Dictionary contains data for analysis of all aspects of the life of Siberian merchants ^[27] .

On the basis of the institute there is a permanent Russian-Indian seminar "Demographic Processes in Asia" ^[28] .

The extensive research activity of the institute is reflected in the scientific publications of its employees ^[29] . Part of the publications of the Institute’s employees (including young ones ) are available on the Institute’s website ^[30] . In addition, links to video materials with lectures and speeches of the institute’s staff are available on the institute’s website ^[31] .

Periodicals

The Institute of History publishes the journal Humanities in Siberia .

Encyclopedic editions

In 2009, the Institute published the “Historical Encyclopedia of Siberia”. ^{[32] [33]} . In the report of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, it is described as follows ^[34] :

For the first time in domestic and world historiography, a wide panorama of the development of Siberia from ancient times to the present is presented in an encyclopedic format. The publication presents comprehensive essays characterizing the historical development of Siberia as a whole, as well as Siberian cities and regions. It reflects the integrating function of the eastern regions of the country, their role in the economic, demographic, political and sociocultural processes of development of the Russian state. The Encyclopedia includes about 4 thousand articles published in alphabetical order without a thematic unit. About half of them are represented by biographical articles devoted to people who have left a noticeable mark in the history of Siberia in the 16th – 20th centuries. These are articles about state, political, military, public, religious figures, leaders of national movements, scientists, travelers, entrepreneurs, philanthropists, architects, artists, writers, actors, musicians. The separate, final, section of the encyclopedia includes consolidated complete lists of Siberian governors, governors and governor-generals, senior church hierarchs, commanders of military districts, heads of all-Siberian authorities, St. George cavaliers, Heroes of the Soviet Union and Socialist Labor, Heroes of the Russian Federation and others. The publication is supplied significant volume of illustrative and reference material: maps, diagrams, illustrations, pointers, etc.

- Report of the Siberian Branch of the RAS for 2008

• History Institute / Uzbekova Yu. I. // Iceland - Clericalism. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia, 2008. - P. 103. - ( Big Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vols.] / Ch. Ed. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004—2017, vol. 12). - ISBN 978-5-85270-343-9 .

• Official site of the Institute of History of the SB RAS
• Museum of History of the SB RAS