Murois, Martin de

Almost nothing is known about the circumstances of his life. He served as a wandering missionary in the Viceroyalty of Peru, nourishing a vast territory, including Cuzco and the surroundings of Lake Titicaca . Apparently, missionary activity and communication with learned Indians prompted him to become interested in the pre-Hispanic past of Peru, which resulted in his chronicle.

The treatise of Murois exists in two manuscript versions, the first of which is called “Galvin Murúa” (or “Loyola Murúa”), the second “Getty Murúa”. The second manuscript was in private collections for a long time, and was later acquired by the Getty Research Institute in Los Angeles.

Studies of the text showed that the original version of the Mourois manuscript was created by Native American scribes and informants, one of whom was Poma de Ayala . In the XIX century. the manuscript “Galvin Murúa” was in the library of the Jesuit College in Alcalá de Henares . Between 1880 and 1900 the manuscript was transported to France, and in 1950 was bought by the Galvin family, and was stored in Ireland.

The chronicle was finally completed in Spain, and went through the censorship of the Inquisition, but for unknown reasons was not published in the XVII century. This manuscript was acquired in 1983 by the Getty Museum.

Both manuscripts are illustrated, with Galvin's manuscript retaining more images. The text was divided into three books. The first included 92 chapters, the second 40 chapters, the third 31 chapters.

An extremely controversial issue is the interaction of Murois and the Indian chronicler Guaman Poma de Ayyala . A study of the text in 1967 by Condarko Morales led to the categorical conclusion: the chronicle of Pom de Ayal is secondary to the work of Murois. Getty Foundation Research 2007-2008 confirmed the joint work of the missionary and his Native American informants. Poma de Ayala began work on the manuscript around 1600, primarily as an illustrator. According to documents preserved in the Italian archives (drawing by conquistador Francisco Chavez writing a letter to the king attached to the Letter of the licensee Boan Graf de Lemos, 1610, stored in the Archivio di Stato di Napoli Segretaria dei Viceré Scritture Diverse), it is also believed that the author of the drawings and for the chronicle of Poma de Ayala and for the chronicle of Murois - this is the Jesuit Gonzalo Ruiz from the environment of Blas Valera . In the above letter, an anagram of his name “granizo o luz” is left in the figure. And according to the technique of execution and content, it can be argued about the obvious relationship of this drawing and drawings to the chronicles of Murois and Ayala. Tokapu symbols from the book of Blas Valera, which are also found in the books of Martin de Murois and Guaman Poma, and on the Kero vessels are not always identical to each other, but the same style is visible in the drawings in the drawing of the little men, that is, if there was a fake not only in the text of the Miccinelli documents , but also in the drawings, it was done very masterfully - stylized down to the details characteristic of the images on the vessels of the Kero Inca era.

In the chronicle of Pom de Ayala there are direct attacks on Murois, in particular, an illustration in which a missionary beats a weaver. However, the Pom de de Ayala chronicle is more informative, and includes more information on the pre-Hispanic history of Peru. Both chronicles should be considered independent works.

• Murua (Friar Martin de). Historia general del Peru, origen y descendencia de los lncas, pueblos y ciudades ... 1618.
• Fray Martín de Murúa Historia general del Perú in Crónicas de America - Edición de Manuel Ballesteros Gaibrois - DASTIN Historia - Madrid 2001.
• Rolena Adorno and Ivan Boserup , “The Making of Murúa's Historia General del Piru” in The Getty Murúa: Essays on the Making of Martin de Murúa's 'Historia General del Piru,' J. Paul Getty Museum Ms. Ludwig XIII 16. [Edited by Thomas Cummins and Barbara Anderson] (Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute, 2008)
• Ballesteros Gaibrois, Manuel
  • La Crónica de Murúa y la Critica del Inkario Buenos Aires 1953
  • Prostohistoria peruana: la Capacuna segun Murúa Madrid 1954
  • Dos cronistas parallelos: Huaman Poma de Ayala y Martín de Murúa Madrid 1981
• Porras Barrenechea, Raúl Morúa, fray Martín de Lima 1954
• Roberston, Consuelo La religion incaica, segun la Historia de los Incas Reyes del Perú de fray Martín de Murúa Lima 1940

• Documentos Miccinelli, un estado de la cuestion. Paulina Numhauser (Spanish)

• Conquest of Peru
• The Incas
• Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
• Guaman Poma de Ayala, Felipe
• Acosta, José de