Rybinsky bridge - automobile and pedestrian bridge over the Volga River in the city of Rybinsk, Yaroslavl region; part of the highway P104 . Located next to the Transfiguration Cathedral . It is located on 433.5 km of the river route from Moscow South Port .
| Rybinsk bridge | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Application area | car, pedestrian |
| Crosses | river Volga |
| Location | Rybinsk |
| Design | |
| Type of construction | six-span, semi-support, reinforced concrete, arched |
| Main span | 128 m |
| total length | 720 m |
| Bridge width | 18 m |
| Exploitation | |
| Opening | August 25, 1963 |
Total length 720 m. Six-span. It has two navigable spans - the second and third from the right bank; the second is for ships and rafts going down, the third is for ships going up. Height of flights: 21.3 from the design level, 16.0 from the design level.
It was built by Bridge Detachment No. 6 of the Ministry of Transport Construction in 1957-1963 according to the project of the Moscow Institute " Giprocommundortrans ". Solemnly opened on August 25, 1963.
Background
Vigorous activity in the area of the Rybinsk hydroelectric complex was launched as part of the Big Volga program - turning the river into a deep-water trunk by creating a system of reservoirs.
Work on the development of the Rybinsk hydroelectric complex began in 1940. In June they blocked the Volga, in October - Sheksna. April 13, 1941 completed the last span of the Rybinsk dam. Then the flood waters began to flood the Mologo-Sheksninsky interfluve. About 700 settlements were under water, most of the residents moved to Rybinsk. The city was not prepared for such an influx of people: both in terms of infrastructure and in terms of jobs. Migrants from the flooded territories fell into the Zavolzhsky district of Rybinsk, and the main enterprises were on the other side. In addition, this part of the Volga was the downstream: it was located behind the dam, and therefore the hydraulic units caused serious (up to 7 meters) water level fluctuations several times a day. It is very difficult to establish a ferry service in such conditions, so the creation of a bridge seemed logical and even necessary.
Creation History
On May 23, 1938, the Economic Commission under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR decided to take into account 21 million rubles in the Volgostroy general budget for the construction of a bridge across the Volga in Rybinsk.
According to the first draft, the bridge was supposed to go through the territory occupied by the Transfiguration Cathedral (the river station was located in it), so the cathedral was subject to demolition. They managed to put only supports - on June 22, 1941, martial law was introduced and work was stopped at facilities that did not have defense significance. The construction has stopped.
At the enterprises of the city was deployed labor front. Since July 1940, a delay of more than 20 minutes was equated with absenteeism and entailed punishment in the form of six months of forced labor in the specialty with a retention of 25% of earnings. Repeated violation was punishable by imprisonment. Therefore, for residents of the Zavolzhsky district of Rybinsk, it was vitally necessary to get on the ferry on time. On the morning of March 11, 1943 a tragedy occurred: the crowd rushed to the tug, he still set sail and drowned, 107 people died.
On October 6, 1946, by a resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Volgostroy was transferred to the Ministry of Power Plants . When drawing up a new general estimate, the Ministry excluded money for the construction of the bridge. The Executive Committee of the Regional Council and the Regional Committee of the CPSU (B.) Wrote a letter to I.V. Stalin, who was asked to authorize the construction, arguing by fluctuations in water level due to the commissioning of a new unit at Rybinskaya HPP . The letter did not produce results - but the answer indicated that the construction of the bridge would be considered in the fifth five-year plan (1951-1955).
Specialists of the bridge squad No. 6 came to Rybinsk only in February 1957. They began preparatory work 150 meters upstream, not where the pre-war supports stood. The work was complicated by fluctuations in water level and changes in the speed of the river. At different stages, the supports were concreted with various types of concrete, and as a result turned into almost indestructible monoliths.
The bridge has seven pillars and six spans. Four of them are floodplain (non-navigable), two - channel (navigable).
The chief engineer of the project is Evgeny Sergeevich Ulanov. His author’s decision was to move two navigable spans closer to the right bank, so that they emphasized the vertical of the Transfiguration Cathedral. Later, the cathedral had to be restored, so that it better visually correlated with the bridge. Small arches were cast and installed in 1961. The big ones were national teams. January 26, 1962 one of the unfinished arches collapsed, 2 people died.
As part of the acceptance tests, the strength of the structure was checked by 150 sand trucks. The bridge successfully withstood them. The grand opening took place on August 25, 1963. Almost immediately, the bridge became the hallmark of the city.