Tobias George Smollett ( born Tobias Smollett ; March 19, 1721 - September 17, 1771 ) is a Scottish novelist, poet, translator and one of the leaders of the English classic epic, and a major master of the English-speaking picaresque and pioneer of an educational education novel , anticipating, in particular, the work of Dickens . He specialized in novels from the life of sailors.
| Tobias George Smollett | |
|---|---|
| English Tobias smollett | |
 Tobias George Smollett | |
| Birth name | |
| Date of Birth | March 19, 1721 |
| Place of Birth | West Dunbartonshire , Scotland , Kingdom of Great Britain |
| Date of death | September 17, 1771 (50 years old) |
| A place of death | |
| Citizenship |  United Kingdom |
| Occupation | , , , , , , |
| Years of creativity | 1748 - 1771 |
| Genre | novel |
| Language of Works | and |
Content
- 1 life
- 2 Creativity
- 3 Editions in Russian
- 4 notes
- 5 Links
Life
Smollett was born in Scotland in Dalquhurn, now part of Renton County, West Dunbartonshire. He was the son of a judge and landowner, and received a surgeon's diploma from the University of Glasgow .
However, the planned successful career of the physician gave way to literary ambitions, and in 1739 Smollett went to London , hoping to become a playwright. After a fiasco, he was promoted to navy surgeon on the Chichester English warship and went to Jamaica , where he spent several years. In 1742, he, as a military surgeon, participated in a campaign to capture the Spanish port of Cartagena . Upon his return, Smollett received private medical practice in Downing Street and in 1747 married the wealthy Jamaican heiress Anne Lascelles.
Smollett's first publication was a poem about the Battle of Culloden in 1745, entitled “Tears of Scotland,” but another book brought him fame, The Adventures of Roderick Random. It was created on the model of “Gilles Blaza” by Alain Rene Lesage (Le Sage's Gil Blas) and was published in 1748 .
In 1749, Smollett wrote the tragedy-continuation of “Regicide”, printed, but subsequently never put on stage.
In 1750, Smollett received his MD in Aberdeen and traveled to France , where he collected material for his second novel, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, which later brought him success. After spending some time in Bath, he returned to London and published The Adventures of Ferdinand County Fatom in 1753 .
By this point, he had become a significant figure in literature, compared to such figures as David Garrick , Laurence Sterne, Oliver Goldsmith and Samuel Johnson, whom he later nicknamed “The Great Khan Literature ". [1] In 1755, his translation of Don Quixote by Miguel Cervantes was published, which he edited in 1761 . In 1756, Smollett became the publisher of The Critical Review.
From 1757 to 1765, Smollett worked on one of his main works, The Complete History of England.
In 1760, he wrote another novel, The Life and Adventures of Sir Lancelot Greaves. Suffering after the loss of his daughter, he and his wife left hometown. The result of this trip was "Travels in France and Italy" (1766). Also in 1769, Smollett wrote The History and Adventures of the Atom. This book, veiled by an ancient Japanese fairy tale, opened the author’s views on British politics during the Seven Years War .
He also visited Scotland , where he drew inspiration for his latest novel, The Humphrey Clinker Expedition, which was published in 1771, the year he died. For some time, the writer suffered from an intestinal disease, sought remedies in Bath, but ultimately went to Italy, where he died.
Smollett was buried in the city of Livorno . In honor of him, in Scotland, in Dunbartonshire (Dunbartonshire), near the Renton Primary School (Renton Primary School), a monument was erected on which a brief dedication in Latin, written by Dr. Johnson (Dr. Johnson), is carved. In 2002, this place was decorated with an explanatory nameplate.
Creativity
- "The Adventures of Rodrick Random" (1748);
- " The Adventures of Perigrin Pickle " (1751);
- “The Adventures of Count Ferdinand Fatom” (1753);
- The Adventures of Sir Lancelot Greaves (1762);
- Humphrey Clinker's Journey (1771).
Editions in Russian
- Smollet T. The Adventures of Perigrin Pickle. In 2 volumes. Per. and comm. A.V. Krivtsova and E. Lanna. Articles by D. Mirsky and E. Lann. M.-L.: ACADEMIA, 1934-1935.
- Smollet T. The Adventures of Perigrin Pickle. Novel. Translation from English A.V. Krivtsova and E. Lanna. M., Hood. literature, 1955..
- Smollet T. The Adventures of Perigrin Pickle. In 2 volumes. (Series: Library of English Literature). M .: TERRA, 2003.
- Smollet T. The Adventures of Rodrick Random. Per. from English A.V. Krivtsova. M .: GIHL, 1949.
- Smollet T. Humphrey Clinker Travels. M .: Hood. literature, 1953.
- Smollet T. Humphrey Clinker Travels. - In the book: Smollet T., Goldsmith O. Travel of Humphrey Clinker. Vekfildsky priest. (Series: BVL. T. 60.). M .: Hood. literature, 1972.
- Smollet T. Humphrey Clinker Travels. M .: True, 1983.
Notes
- ↑ BNF ID : 2011 Open Data Platform .
Links
- Smollett Tobias George // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- Smollett, Tobias in the library of Maxim Moshkov