Lev Fedorovich Ludogogovsky ( February 18 [ March 1 ] 1761 , Roslavl , Smolensk Province - February 4 [16], 1838 , Moscow ) - educator , public educator of the late XVIII - first third of the XIX century .
Lev Fedorovich Lyudogovskiy | |||
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Lev Ѳedorovich Lyudogovskiy | |||
Date of Birth | |||
Place of Birth | |||
Date of death | |||
Place of death | |||
A country | |||
Occupation | teacher | ||
Father | Archpriest Fedor Petrovich Lyudogovsky | ||
Spouse | Alexandra Petrovna Laykevich | ||
Children | Hope, Faith, Love, Michael , Peter, Nikolai | ||
Awards and prizes | |||
Graduate of Moscow University. At the beginning of the service - secretary I. I. Shuvalov and N. S. Mordvinova . Compiled by the “Geographical Dictionary of the New Testament ” . From 1799 to 1834 - director of public schools of the Smolensk province; the seventh (and last) director of the main national school of the Smolensk province, the first director of the Smolensk gymnasium . State Councilor Advisor . Ancestor of the Moscow branch of the Smolensk family Ludogovskikh .
Content
Biography
Origin
Ludogovskii came from an old noble family, recorded in the 6th part of the genealogical book of the Smolensk province [1] . The ancestor of Lev Fedorovich, Martin Ludogovskiy (1590–1661) [2] , being a subject of the Polish crown , received in 1648 [1] [3] [K 1] from King Vladislav IV a small estate of Babichi in the Smolensk province [1] . A few years later, these lands were ceded to the Russian kingdom , and the Lyudogovskys became citizens of Russia.
Childhood and adolescence
Lev Fedorovich Lyudogovskiy was born in 1761 (February 18 [4] , on the day of memory of St. Leo the Great ) in Roslavl , in the last year of the reign of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna . Father - priest (later - archpriest ) Fyodor Petrovich Lyudogovsky [5] [6] (1730-1798) [2] [3] , one of the builders (1779-1783) [7] [8] and the first abbot of the Cathedral of the Annunciation in Roslavl , caretaker Roslavl theological school [9] . There is no information about the mother [10] .
Ludogovskiy received his primary education in his native Roslavl, in a theological school, and continued his studies at the Smolensk Theological Seminary [1] . In 1780 he entered the Faculty of Philosophy of the Imperial Moscow University . (Apparently, he was among those graduates of the seminary, whom His Eminence Parfeny (Sopkovsky) sent at his own expense to study in Moscow [11] .) In 1783 , at the end of the university course, “for a predominant essay before another dissertation from the Faculty of Philosophy ”, Was awarded the gold medal [12] .
Start service
Upon graduation, LF Lyudogovskiy returned to Smolensk , where on September 15, 1783, he was appointed a teacher of rhetoric , mathematics and French to his native seminary [12] .
However, teaching in the spiritual school did not last long. In 1787, on the way to the Crimea , Smolensk was visited by Empress Catherine II , among other city institutions she visited the seminary. The founder and chief curator of the Moscow University, I. I. Shuvalov, who was in her retinue, drew attention to a capable teacher [13] , and in the same year, on August 18, LF Lyudogovsky was enlisted in his staff “to correct written cases” [ 12] . Since 1790, Ludogovskiy was under Shuvalov Secretary for Moscow University [14] . By this time, the compilation by Lyudogovsky of the “Geographical Dictionary of the New Testament ...” [14] .
Shuvalov highly appreciated his young employee, but the Petersburg climate had a devastating effect on the health of Lev Fyodorovich. On the recommendation of his patron, Ludogovskiy in 1795 acted as secretary to Admiral N. S. Mordvinov , who at that time was chairman of the Black Sea Admiralty Board [12] . The admiral spoke of his secretary as follows: "This Ludogovsky is a well-bred person, whom Ivan Ivanovich Shuvalov honored to honor himself as a friend, gave me, due to his weakness of health, in a warm country, and I honor him very much" [15] .
Three years later, in 1798 , when Mordvinov was summoned to Petersburg, Ludogovskiy moved with him to the capital and took the position of head of the office in the board of the newly organized State subsidiary for the nobility of the bank [16] [12] . But he worked here a little over a year. The younger son of L. F. Lyudogovsky, Nikolai Lvovich , reported (based on the mother’s stories): “When the father, in the presence of Mordvinov, could not bear the Petersburg climate, he was appointed director of the schools of the Smolensk province with his assistance; at the same time, the influential tax collector Peretz offered his father the position of vice-governor, but he refused the lyuktivny place ” [17] .
At the head of the provincial national education
From April 6, 1799, Ludogovskiy was appointed director of public schools in the Smolensk province [18] . The main public school, located in Smolensk, was founded in 1786, among other schools established during the educational reform of 1782-1786 by order of Empress Catherine II [19] . Lyudogovsky became the seventh director of the school [20] .
The first concern of the new leader was to put in order the school economy, which was in an upset state, as well as the educational library. In addition, the subject of constant attention from Ludogovskiy for many years was, firstly, the search for the most educated and talented teachers for the main and other schools and, secondly, the opening of small public schools in various cities of the province. Both problems were not solved quickly, but successfully [21] .
When the decree of Emperor Alexander I was issued on January 24, 1803 , according to which the main national schools , provided they met the new requirements, were transformed into gymnasiums , in the autumn of the same year the school was inspected by an official from Moscow (Smolensk, according to the division into school districts , then to the Moscow District ), who found him fully prepared to be transformed into a gymnasium - which was done in early 1804 with all sorts of solemnity [22] [K 2] . At the same time, a commercial class was opened at the gymnasium, which existed until 1812 [23] .
During the Patriotic War of 1812, the gymnasium (like the entire Smolensk Province) was destroyed. Immediately after the departure of the enemy, Ludogovskiy took all measures to restore [K 3] , however, classes were resumed only in February 1814 - but by that time only the first class was recruited. In full, the educational process was restored only in 1816 [24] .
Director of public schools, for all his amusement, delved into all the details of gymnasium life. As his son recalled, Lev Fyodorovich “constantly watched the teaching, early in the morning, before the beginning of the lessons, he went around the classes and asked the students how they understand the set, corrected them, and with some of them he worked with himself, before the teaching” [25] . “This care for the pupils of the gymnasium,” writes M. V. Aksyonov , a biographer of Lyudogovskiy, “he continued to show more talented of them to the university, supplying them with money and flattering recommendations to professors, of whom he was in good relations with many.” [26] . For example, he recommended the then rector of Moscow University, A. A. Antonsky-Prokopovich, a graduate of the gymnasium S. I. Klimenkov , who later became a doctor of medicine , an associate professor at the university [27] .
Equally keen and sympathetic was the attention of the director to his staff. “Collecting gymnasium teachers often in my apartment,” continues Aksyonov, “Ludogovskiy discussed educational issues with them and, as a person with a multilateral education, who knew perfectly both the ancient and new languages, he contributed a lot to setting their teaching to the proper height” [ 28] .
In the years of L.F. On December 8, 1828, Emperor Nicholas I approved a new charter , according to which four-grade gymnasiums were turned into seven-grade ones. The set of objects has undergone significant changes: the ancient languages, mathematics, and domestic literature were sharply strengthened. The focus was on education on a national basis. The preparation of the documentation necessary for the introduction of the new statute took several years from the staff of the ministry . The turn reached the Smolensk gymnasium in 1833 . On August 31, the doctrine under the new charter was opened with a solemn act [29] .
Recent years
External images | |
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House Lyudogovskih Vspolny lane. OK. 1955. From the home archive of A. A. Lyudogovsky |
After the reform, Lyudogovskiy remained for only one year the director of the gymnasium. Having received the rank of state councilor in 1833 (quite a rarity for a teacher at that time) [30] , he retired on August 4, 1834, and soon moved with his whole family to Moscow [31] , in advance bought a house in Vspolny (Georgievsky) Lane . (The descendants of L. F. Lyudogovskiy lived in this house until its demolition in 1957 [32] ; in 1958 a school was built on the site of the house [33] .)
In the capital, Lev Fedorovich renewed his acquaintance with professors of Moscow University and other members of the scientific intelligentsia [34] . However, his life away from work was short. He died on February 4, 1838 and was buried at the Vagankovo cemetery [35] [36] .
Literary and social activities
From the writings of L. F. Lyudogovsky, only the “Geographical Dictionary of the New Testament ...” reached us (St. Petersburg, 1790). In addition, “there were many other works written in young years, but remaining in manuscripts in 1812, during the French invasion, and the dead. Among them were notes on court life under Catherine II and Paul I , as well as notes on the scientific collections of I. I. Shuvalov ... ” [37] .
From 1812, L.F. Lyudogovskiy was a member-competitor [38] , and from 1833 - a full member of the Society of Russian History and Antiquities [39] [40] .
From 1805 he was a member of the Order of Public Charity of Smolensk Province [40] [41] .
Ranks and awards
Chins
- 1783 - collegiate registrar (14th grade of the Table of Ranks )
- 1786 - collegiate recorder (13th grade)
- 1791 - provincial secretary (12th grade)
- 1795 - collegiate assessor (8th grade)
- 1800 year - the house counselor (7th grade)
- 1804 - college adviser (6th grade)
- 1808 - State Councilor (5th grade)
- 1833 - Actual State Councilor (4th grade) [42]
Awards
- 1814 - bronze (on the Vladimir ribbon) medal "In memory of the Patriotic War of 1812"
- 1817 year - the Order of St. Anne 2nd degree
- 1823 - Order of St. Vladimir of the 4th degree
- 1824 - diamond signs to the Order of St. Anne
- 1828 - mark of distinction of the immaculate service for 45 years [30]
Real Estate
- In the Dukhovshchinsky district of the Smolensk province, LF Lyudogovsky had an estate — the village of Krotov and a part of the village of Buintsovo; his wife, Alexandra Petrovna Laykevich, owned another part of Buintsova, she also owned the village of Kozhina [42] [43] .
- In Moscow, LF Lyudogovsky acquired a piece of land with a house between Georgievsky and Granatny Lane [44] .
Family
LF Lyudogovsky was married to Alexander Petrovna Laykevich (1780–1847) [35] , the daughter of the retired Prime Minister Pyotr Petrovich Laykevich (1748–1826) [45] . The great-grandson of L. F. Lyudogovskiy, N. A. Izyumsky , in his notes, describes the circumstances of the marriage as follows [46] :
... By prior agreement, Lev Fyodorovich was invited to dinner with Pyotr Petrovich. After dinner, the host asked the guest to enter the office and asked which of the three daughters he liked more. Lev Fedorovich pointed to the "little black." (This story confirms that to this day Lev Fedorovich was not familiar with the daughters of Pyotr Petrovich and did not even know how to call them.) Dirty little Alexandra was summoned to the office. “Here, Alexandra, you are a fiancé, a respectable man with a position,” said Petr Petrovich. The young ones were immediately blessed with the image [of the Korsun Mother of God ] taken out of the icon case. |
Alexandra Petrovna died on November 11, 1847 in Moscow during an epidemic of cholera (buried at the Vagankovo cemetery with her husband [47] ). Alexandra Petrovna’s brother, Nikolai Petrovich Laykevich (1786–1861), was married to Sofya Alekseevna Mudrova , M. Ya. Mudrova’s niece, and a pupil of A. F. and A. E. Labzins [17] [48] [49] .
Lev Fedorovich and Alexandra Petrovna had six children - three daughters (none of them was married) [50] and three sons [51] :
- Hope (1808–1881) [36] ;
- Faith (1810-1907);
- Love (1814–1878) [36] ;
- Michael (1815-1897) - Acting State Counselor, Official on Special Assignments of the Imperial Office for the Affairs of the Kingdom of Poland;
- Peter (1820–1864);
- Nikolai (1822-1907) [17] [52] .
Memory
- By order of the Minister of Public Education S. S. Uvarov, a portrait of LF Lyudogovsky was placed in the assembly hall of the gymnasium as the founder of the schools of the Smolensk province [30] [K 4] . According to B. L. Modzalevsky , at the beginning of the 20th century, the portrait was in the Smolensk Archeological Museum [53] .
- In honor of LF Lyudogovsky, his great-great-great-grandson was named, Lev Fedorovich Lyudogovsky (born 2004) [44] .
References in fiction
L.F. Lyudogovskiy is mentioned by Yu. M. Daniel in the story “Escape” (1956/1989), as well as V.S. Pikul in the novel “ Favorite ” (1984) [K 5] . Both mentions are related to the peasant peasant I. Sveshnikov , who was patronized by I. I. Shuvalov .
Works
- Lyudogovskiy L.F. Geographical Dictionary of the New Testament , containing in its alphabetical order the description of lands, regions, cities, rivers, islands and other geographic objects located in the New Testament, with an indication of their ancient and current state. - SPb. : Synod. Printing House, 1790. - [2], III, 102 p., 3 p. kart. - Circulation 2000 copies. [54] [55] .
See also
- Smolensk gymnasium
- Smolensk seminary
- Lyudogovskie
- Fedor Petrovich Lyudogovskiy
- Mikhail Lvovich Lyudogovskiy
- Nikolai Lvovich Lyudogovskiy
Comments
- ↑ B. L. Modzalevsky speaks about the year 1646 ( LF Lyudogovsky and letters to him, 1905 , p. 505), but this seems to be a mistake.
- ↑ In particular, at the opening of the gymnasium a cant was performed (see: Aksyonov, 1906, pp. 16-17):
.Praise, Ross, Alexandra,
Happiness of your creator!
Glory with Olive Branch
His valor says
Your peace of peace
Enemy of peace with fear of the view.Praise, Ross, Alexandra,
Happiness of your creator!
Enlightenment temple he builds
In its chill north,
Stupid gloomy away drives
Enlightenment ray <...> - ↑ For that, on February 5, 1813, he was declared the gratitude of the Minister of National Education (see: Popov N. A. Moscow University after 1812. - Russian Archive. - 1881. - Issue 1. - P. 403).
- ↑ The initiative to write a portrait came from the gymnasium teachers. See the letter to L. F. Lyudogovskiy of his successor P. N. Avsoff on March 4, 1836 ( p. 1 , p. 2 ).
- ↑ "... Historians are trying to decipher the name" L-d-gd ", owned by a man who owned materials about Sveshnikov; he met him at the house of Shuvalov on Nevsky , and he lived constantly in Smolensk. Having revealed the name “L-d-g-vskogo”, they hope to find its archives. I found out who it is: Lev F. Lyudogovsky, director of Smolensk schools, compatriot Potemkin . At the same time, Ivan Fedorovich Timkovsky , who was the director of the gymnasium in Nezhin , was in the house of Shuvalov, who remembered Lyudogovskiy in his memoirs ... Thus, from the banks of the Neva, traces of searches are taken to Smolensk and Nezhin ”( Pikul V.S. “ Favorite. ” Warning. [Chapter] 5. Activity).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Aksenov, 1906 , p. five.
- ↑ 1 2 Pedigree of Lyudogovskys, compiled by N. S. Lyudogovskim . The appeal date is May 6, 2015.
- ↑ 1 2 Pedigree of Lyudogovskys, compiled by B. N. Lyudogovskim . The appeal date is May 6, 2015.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 77, approx. 93.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 5-6, approx. 2
- ↑ Rakochevsky, 1885 , p. 177.
- ↑ Rakochevsky, 1885 , p. 157.
- ↑ Raphael (Ivochkin), by hierom. Annunciation Cathedral . The appeal date is May 6, 2015.
- ↑ Speransky I. Essay on the history of the Smolensk Theological Seminary and its subordinate schools from the time when the seminary was founded until its transformation under the Charter of 1867. - Smolensk, 1892. - p. 97.
- ↑ See: Aksyonov, 1906 , p. 5-6, approx. 2
- ↑ Aksenov, 1911 , p. 72.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Aksyonov, 1906 , p. 7
- ↑ Aksenov, 1911 , p. 74-75.
- ↑ 1 2 L. F. Lyudogovsky and letters to him, 1905 , p. 505.
- ↑ Archive of Mordvinov graphs. T. II. - SPb., 1901. - p. 260. Cit. by: L.F. Lyudogovsky and letters to him, 1905 , p. 509.
- State Auxiliary Bank for the Nobility (1797-1802).
- ↑ 1 2 3 L. F. Lyudogovsky and letters to him, 1905 , p. 508.
- ↑ LF Lyudogovsky and letters to him, 1905 , p. 506.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 3
- ↑ Smolensk gymnasium named after N. M. Przhevalsky. Director (Not available link) . The appeal date is May 6, 2015. Archived May 18, 2015.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 9-13.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 13-18.
- ↑ Commercial class at the Smolensk gymnasium (1804) Archival copy of September 24, 2016 on the Wayback Machine // Cultural heritage of the land of Smolensk.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 41
- ↑ LF Lyudogovsky and letters to him, 1905 , p. 509.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 54-55.
- ↑ LF Lyudogovsky and letters to him, 1905 , p. 507, approx. 3
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 55.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 64-74.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Aksenov, 1906 , p. 79.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 75
- ↑ Lyudogovsky, Adrian. Vspolny lane, 8 . Photos of old Moscow. The appeal date is May 6, 2015.
- ↑ Center for Education 1239. The history of the educational institution . The appeal date is May 6, 2015.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 76.
- ↑ 1 2 Aksenov, 1906 , p. 77.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Moscow Necropolis. V. 2, 1908 , p. 203.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 80
- ↑ The address-calendar of the Russian Empire in 1812. Part 1. - p. 343.
- ↑ The address-calendar of the Russian Empire for 1833. Part 1. - p. 477
- ↑ 1 2 The address-calendar of the Russian Empire in 1828. Part 2. - p. 74.
- ↑ Address-calendar of the Russian Empire in 1805. Part 2. - p. 52.
- ↑ 1 2 L. F. Lyudogovsky and letters to him, 1905 , p. 507.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 23, note thirty.
- ↑ 1 2 Lyudogovsky F., priest. My family is five hundred years old (August 16, 2011). The appeal date is May 6, 2015.
- Л Laykevichi pedigree, compiled by B. N. Lyudogovsky . The appeal date is May 6, 2015.
- ↑ Izyumsky N. A. History of the old image. M., approx. 1960. . The appeal date is May 6, 2015.
- ↑ Moscow Necropolis. V. 2, 1908 , p. 202.
- ↑ Sophia Alekseevna Laykevich Memories / Publ. and foreword B. L. Modzalevsky . - SPb., 1906. - 36 p. - (Extract from the magazine " Russian Antiquity ", book X, for 1905)
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 77, approx. 94.
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 77, approx. 95
- ↑ Lyudogovskie
- ↑ Aksenov, 1906 , p. 75-77.
- ↑ LF Lyudogovsky and letters to him, 1905 , p. 508, approx. 3
- ↑ Russian biographical dictionary. V. 10, 1914 , p. 815.
- ↑ Lyudogovskiy, Lev Fedorovich . Geographical Dictionary of the New Testament: Bibliographic Description . Russian State Library . Electronic library . The appeal date is September 2, 2016.
Literature
- Aksyonov, MV The first director of the Smolensk gymnasium, Lev Fedorovich Lyudogovsky, his life and work (1761-11838). Historical and biographical essay / Publication of the Smolensk Provincial Statistical Committee . - Smolensk: P. Silin Printing House, 1906. - 82 p.
- Aksenov M.V. Historical note about the Smolensk Provincial Gymnasium. Part (1786—1833). - The memorial book of the Smolensk province in 1912 / Publication of the Smolensk provincial statistical committee. - Smolensk: P. Silin Printing House, 1911. - VIII + 192 p. (About L. F. Lyudogovsky - p. 71 and ff.)
- Gennadi G.N. Reference dictionary of Russian writers and scientists who died in the XVIII and XIX centuries, and the list of Russian books from 1725 to 1825. In 3 vols. - Berlin , 1880. - p. 268. - 434 p.
- LF Lyudogovsky and letters to him, with the foreword by B. L. Modzalevsky // Russian Archive . - 1905. - Vol. 3 - p . 505-513 .
- N. P. To the biography of Lev Fedorovich Lyudogovsky, the first director of the Smolensk gymnasium (1799–1834): Critique-biogr. essay: [Analysis of the brochure of M. V. Aksyonov “Lev Fedorovich Lyudogovsky, the first director of the Smolensk gymnasium (1799–1834), his life and work (1761–1838)”]. - M .: G. Lissner Printing House and D. Sobko, 1908. - 22 p.
- Nikolai Mikhailovich , led. Prince Moscow necropolis . K - P. - SPb. , 1908. - T. 2. - p. 203. - 487 p.
- Popov N. A. Moscow University after 1812. - Russian archive. - SPb. , 1881. - T. 1. - p. 403.
- Rakochevsky S. S. Experience collection of historical notes about the city of Roslavl. - Roslavl: Typography of F.N. Ekimov, 1885. - 264 p.
- Russian biographical dictionary . Labzina - Lyashenko. - SPb. , 1914. - T. 10. - p. 815 . - 846 s.
Links
- The official site of the Smolensk Gymnasium them. N.M. Przhevalsky . The appeal date is May 18, 2016.
- LF Lyudogovskiy - the last director of the main public school . Formation of the education system. Smolensk region. XVIII century. The appeal date is May 18, 2016.
- Lyudogovsky F., priest. "Under my seal, I kept a pile of letters ..." . Site " Tatiana Day " (03/03/2011). The appeal date is May 18, 2016.
- Lyudogovsky F., priest. My family is five hundred years old . Portal " Orthodoxy and Peace " (08.16.2011). The appeal date is May 18, 2016.