Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach ( German: Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach ; 1823-1889) - German botanist - taxonomist , pteridologist and ornithologist ; the most significant orchid specialist in Germany in the 19th century .
| Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
| A country | Saxon Kingdom ,  German Empire |
| Scientific field | biology |
| Place of work | Hamburg Botanical Garden |
| Alma mater | University of Leipzig |
| Known as | Orchidic botanist , plant specialist |
| Taxonomy of wildlife | |
|---|---|
The author of the names of a number of botanical taxa . In the botanical ( binary ) nomenclature, these names are supplemented by the abbreviation " Rchb.f. " . List of such taxa on the IPNI website Personal page on IPNI website |
He was the son of the botanist Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach , whom he helped at the end of his life - and after which he continued - to publish the magnificent botanical work - Icones Florae Germanicae et Helveticae .
Content
Path in Science
From the age of 18, under the guidance of his father, Heinrich Gustav began to study orchids. Like his father, Reichenbach-son completed a course in natural sciences at the University of Leipzig . In 1852, he received the degree of Candidate of Sciences (the dissertation was devoted to pollen of orchids). Soon after defending his dissertation, he was approved as an extraordinary professor of botany and at the same time a herbarium keeper at the University of Leipzig.
In 1863, Reichenbach moved to Hamburg , where he received the chair of a professor of botany at the University of Hamburg , and in 1864 he also became the director of the Botanical Garden in Hamburg ( German Botanischen Gartens in Hamburg ).
Orchid taxonomy
In the last third of the 19th century, a stream of newly discovered orchid species poured into Europe from South America and Asia , and Reichenbach identified, described and classified many of these species, while doing a huge rough job. However, according to the reviews of modern botanists, a number of his systematic records were superficial, leading in the future to some taxonomic disorder in the Orchidaceae family.
Samples of new orchids from all over the world were sent to him for identification, and they, together with his plentiful notes and drawings, formed a huge herbarium that competed with the Lindley Herbarium in Kew [5]
After the death of Reichenbach 's friend John Lindley , “the father of modern orchid science” in 1865, Reichenbach took his place as the world's largest orchid expert .
Nevertheless, the Orchidarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew did not invite to collaborate as a leading taxonomist not Reichenbach, as he himself suggested, but the then few well-known Robert Rolfe ( Eng. Robert Allen Rolfe ). Reichenbach was indignant and indignantly bequeathed his huge herbarium and library not to the Kew Gardens (as previously assumed), but to the Natural History Museum in Vienna , provided that the museum would not consult Kew on orchids for 25 years after his death. Ultimately, this led to even more confusion in the taxonomy of orchids, to a large number of double or triple descriptions of the same species of orchids, which subsequently had to be very difficult to correct.
In 1886, Henry Frederick Conrad Sander , German Heinrich Friedrich Conrad Sander, drew the artist Henry Moon (1857-1905) to create botanical illustrations of orchids with descriptions of Reichenbach. In 1888-1894, 192 sheets were created. Moon painted orchids from nature, using the Zander collection, then converted the drawing to engraving , printed prints, then each engraving print was painted with watercolors by hand. As they were created, they were printed monthly for 6 years. This edition is now known as Reichenbachia and is the richest orchid reference source ever created.
After the death of Reichenbach, his work was continued by Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Krenzlin ( German: Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Kraenzlin ) (1847-1934).
f. (or fil. , from Lat. filius - son) are added to his botanical abbreviation at the taxa he describes to distinguish him from his father, Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach, whose botanical abbreviation is Rchb.
In honor of Reichenbach's son in 1881, Joan Barbosa Rodrigues ( port of João Barbosa Rodrigues ) named the genus of plants Reichenbachanthus ( Reichenbachanthus Barb.Rodr. ) Of the Orchid family.
Scientific Papers
- Reichenbach, HG Orchideae in Flora Germanica ... Tentamen Orchidographiae Europaeae. 1850-1851 (lat.)
- Reichenbach, HG De pollinis Orchidearum genesi ac structura et de Orchideis in artem ac systema redigendis. Commentatio quam ex auctoritate amplissimi philosophorum ordinis die mensis julii decimo hora decima MDCCCLII illustris ictorum ordinis concessu in auditorio juridico pro venia docendi impetranda publice defendet. Lipsiae, F. Hofmeister, 1852 (lat.) (Doctoral dissertation)
- Deutschlands Flora ... 13 / 14-22, 1850–1886 (German)
- Reichenbach, HG Pescatorea. Iconographie des Orchidees. Bruxelles. 1854-1855. (German) (together with G. Luddemann)
- Reichenbach, HG Catalog der Orchideen - Sammlung von GW Schiller. 1857 (German)
- Reichenbach, HG & Kraenzlin, WL Xenia Orchidacea . Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Orchideen. Leipzig, FA Brockhaus, 1858-1900 (German) (in 3 volumes, with 250 tables)
- Reichenbach, HG Beiträge zu einer Orchideenkunde Central-Amerika's. Hamburg, TG Meissner, 1866 (German) (with 10 tables)
- Reichenbach, HG Beitrage zur Systematischen Pflanzenkunde. 1871 (German)
- Refugium Botanicum; or, Figures and Descriptions from Living Specimens of Little Known of New Plants of Botanical Interest. London, Vols. 1-5, 1869-1882 (lat.) (With 72 tables)
- Reichenbach, HG Otia Botanica Hamburgensia ... 1878-1881 (lat.) (In two parts: I - 21 Apr 1878, II - 8 Aug 1881)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 116398582 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ 1 2 https://www.chemie.uni-hamburg.de/publikationen/AG/Reichenbach.html
- ↑ Professorenkatalog der Universität Leipzig - 2006.
- ↑ Reinikka, MA A History of the Orchid, p. 215, Timber Press, Oregon, 1995
Literature
- Robert Zander ; Fritz Encke, Günther Buchheim, Siegmund Seybold (Hrsg.): Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen . 13. Auflage. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1984, ISBN 3-8001-5042-5 .
Links
- Proceedings of G. G. Reichenbach in the German National Library
- Reichenbach, Heinrich Gustav at The Harvard University Herbaria Retrieved March 6, 2009