School factory training

School factory education (school FZO) - the lowest (main) type of vocational school in the USSR . School FZO were created on the basis of schools FZU . There were from 1940 to 1963 .

FZO schools operated on the basis of industrial enterprises and construction sites in the USSR State Labor Reserves system. They prepared workers of mass professions for construction , coal , mining, metallurgical , oil and other industries. Duration of training is 6 months.

Rural and urban youth 16–18 years old were admitted to school with any general education training (from 1955 with primary education and above). For training in professions related to underground work, in hot shops, in construction, only young men were accepted from the age of 18. The students were fully supported by the state. In 1940 - 1953, young people were sent to study in schools FZO in the order of appeal ( mobilization ). For breaches of discipline and for unauthorized departure from school, punishment was imposed in the form of imprisonment in labor colonies for up to one year ^[1] . Study began on December 1 and June 1.

In 1949, schools FZO for the coal and mining industries were reorganized into mining schools with 6 and 10-month periods of study. In 1955, FZO schools for construction were reorganized into 10-month construction schools, and since 1957 - into 2-year construction schools.

In 1959 - 1963, along with all the vocational schools of the USSR State Labor Reserves system, all schools of the Federal Law, mining and construction schools were transformed into vocational schools with different periods of study.

During the existence of schools FZO trained about 6 million workers.