Gilyari Moiseevich Drabkin ( December 23, 1922 , Mogilev - June 27, 2014 ) - Soviet and Russian physicist , doctor of physical and mathematical sciences , professor of PNPI RAS , laureate of the USSR State Prize , participant of the Great Patriotic War , was awarded medals. He is one of the founders of the school of polarized neutrons and neutron studies of condensed matter in Russia.
| Gillari Moiseevich Drabkin | ||
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| Date of Birth | ||
| Place of Birth | Mogilev , Belarusian SSR | |
| Date of death | ||
| Scientific field | physics | |
| Alma mater | Leningrad Polytechnic Institute | |
| Academic degree | ||
| Awards and prizes |
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Biography
Born in Mogilev in the family of a taxi driver . In 1924, the family moved to Vitebsk . In 1940 he graduated from high school and in 1941 entered the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute . In the same year he was drafted into the army, was on the Leningrad front , was seriously wounded and dismissed from the army after being wounded in 1942. In the same year he entered the Tomsk Institute of Railway Engineers , in 1943 he was transferred to the Moscow Aviation and Technology Institute ; since 1945 - student of the LPI named after M.I. Kalinina, who graduated with honors in 1948.
He was sent to work in the defense industry, where he worked as an engineer, senior engineer, senior researcher. In 1957 he was transferred to work at the Physicotechnical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Since 1958 - candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, since 1970 - doctor of physical and mathematical sciences. He was the head of the laboratory of supramolecular structures of PNPI, USSR Academy of Sciences.
Contribution to Science
After defending his Ph.D. thesis on nuclear isomerism in 1958, on the eve of the launch of the reactor, VVR-M set up neutron research at the PNPI . He proposed the idea of studying magnets by the method of polarized neutron scattering. In 1962, Drabkin proposed a new type of neutron spectrometer based on spin resonance in stationary spatially periodic magnetic fields , implemented in small-angle scattering diffractometers. Together with the educated team, a neutron-optical technique was developed, small-angle scattering installations were created, and extensive studies of phase transitions and domain formation in magnets were carried out. The developed methods of 3D polarization analysis and magnetic texture research have given small-angle scattering completely new possibilities for studying the magnetic mesostructure and spin dynamics of magnetic alloys and ferrofluids . One of the currently used neutron spin flippers is called the Drabkin flipper .
In addition to the scattering of polarized neutrons, G. M. Drabkin also developed other methods for studying the structure of various materials. Widely known are studies of diffusion in solutions by optical methods, radio-frequency studies of phase transitions, studies of supramolecular complexes by fluctuation spectroscopy methods, studies of polymers and biological objects.
Gillari Moiseevich Drabkin led the condensed matter (ICS) research sector for about 30 years. The experimental-theoretical tandem created by him back in the 60s together with S.V. Maleev is now widely recognized both in Russia and around the world. The team brought up more than 30 candidates of sciences, 6 doctors, 4 laureates of the State Prize of the USSR and Russia. He is the author and co-author of more than 125 publications and 6 inventions.
Recently, he worked at the Helmholtz Center for Materials and Energy in Berlin . He was busy with stochastic resonance problems.
Family
He was married to Lydia Emelyanovna Drabkina (Bykova). He had two daughters.
Sources
- Okorokov A.I., Runova M.K. Drabkin Gillari Moiseevich: On the 85th anniversary of his birth. - Gatchina: PNPI, 2007 .-- S. 122.