Yervand Semenovich Kochar ( Armenian Երվանդ Քոչար ; Kocharyan ; June 15, 1899 , Tiflis - January 22, 1979 , Yerevan ) - Armenian sculptor and artist . People's Artist of the USSR (1976).
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Biography
Born in Tiflis in 1899 in the family of Semyon Kocharyan, a native of Shusha (Karabakh).
In 1906-1918 he studied at the Nersisyannovsk seminary, at the same time attended painting and sculpture courses (school of O. Schmerling) in the class of Armenian artist Yeghishe Tatevosyan . In 1918 - 1919 he studied at the Moscow State Free Art Workshops, in the class of Pyotr Konchalovsky .
In 1921 - 1936 he lived in Paris . For 13 years in Paris, he has participated in numerous exhibitions. Organizes 5 personal exhibitions, receiving high art criticism reviews.
In France, he created a new kind of art-plastic expression “Painting in space” (“Peinture dans l'espace”), which includes time as an additional fourth dimension.
In 1936, Kochar returned to the USSR. At home, he was accused of formalism, which at that time was considered synonymous with "enemy of the people." It is enough to note that Kochar’s first solo exhibition was held in 1965, only 30 years after his return to Armenia. Of course, the prohibitions, imprisonment, isolation, influenced the work of Kochar, but in this case, apparently, the law of counteraction worked. Undoubtedly, the Khrushchev “thaw” also played a role ...
In these years the canvases “Ecstasy” (1960), “Horrors of War” (1962), monumental sculptures “The Eagle of Zvartnots” (1955), “Melancholy” (1959), “The Muse of Cybernetics” (1972), “Vardan Mamikonyan” were created (1975), which became the symbol of Yerevan “David of Sasun” (1959), spatial paintings and other masterpieces.
Kochar died in 1979 in Yerevan.
In 1984, the Museum of Yervand Kochar (39/12 Mashtots Avenue ) was opened in Yerevan, which represents the artist’s entire career. Only in the Yervand Kochar Museum and the Pompidou Center can one see works from the series "Spatial Painting".
According to the memoirs of Leo Ospovat , Kochar said: “What you saw in the workshop, I do for myself. And this [statue of David of Sasun] is for Caesar. But with Caesar I pay with pure gold ” [5] .
He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (07/02/1971).
Sources
- ↑ 1 2 Ervand Kotchar - 2006. - ISBN 978-0-19-977378-7 , 978-0-19-989991-3
- ↑ RKDartists
- ↑ Kochar Ervand Semyonovich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [30 p.] / Ed. A. M. Prokhorov - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1969.
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 12421990X // General Normative Control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ Displeased with L. As I recalled. - M .: Aquarius Publishers , 2007. - S. 275—276.
Links
- Virtual Museum of Yervand Kochar
- Yervand Kochar in the encyclopedia " Around the World "
- Margo Ghukasyan. Voice of Yervand Kochar: Notes on the sidelines of the book “Me and You” // “Voice of Armenia”, December 6, 2007.
- Yervand Kochar Museum
- Yervand Kochar, in Telman Zurabyan's book Waves of Happiness (1981).