Esthesiology (aesthesiologia, ancient Greek. Αεσθεσια - “ feeling , feeling”) is an anatomy and physiology section that studies the structure, topography , functions, and development of the sense organs in phylogenesis and ontogenesis . Sense organs , or analyzers , are complex nerve devices specialized in the perception, conduct, and analysis of nervous excitement. [one]
There are five senses:
- Eyes ( eyesight ),
- Ears , including the vestibular apparatus ( hearing and sense of balance),
- Language ( taste )
- Nose ( smell ),
- Skin ( touch ).
History
The first ideas about the structure and function of the sense organs are in the writings of Hippocrates and Aristotle . Galen in the book “On the appointment of the human body” described the structure of the eye and created the first theory of the appearance of visual images - the so-called emanation theory. According to the ideas of the 10th century Arab philosopher Ibn al-Haisam (Algazen), the lens is the light-sensitive part of the eye. These views were shared by Ibn Sina . In his work “The Canon of Medicine”, he views the nose as an organ of smell, describes the structure of the ear, sets out his theory of sound perception. For the first time all the five senses described Andreas Vesalius . During the 16th and 18th centuries , details of the structure of the sense organs were discovered. Colombo (R. Colombo) described the structure of the auditory ossicles of the middle ear, Bartolomeo Evstakhiy the structure of the inner ear , the auditory tube and the muscles of the tympanic cavity , Alfonso Corti the spiral organ of the cochlea, the structure of the iris of the eye, Frederick Ruysch the blood vessels eyes, Zinn (JG Zinn) - ciliary body . [2]
Notes
- ↑ The doctrine of the senses - Esthesiology Neopr . spina.pro. The date of circulation is January 27, 2017.
- ↑ ESTEZIOLOGY - Big Medical Encyclopedia . xn - 90aw5c.xn - c1avg. The date of circulation is January 25, 2017.
Literature
- Esthesiology // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 t. (82 t. And 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Rauber A. The Study of the Sense Organs and the General Index // Manual of Human Anatomy / Translation from the 9th revised and updated German edition by A. V. Nemilova. - Yuryev: Typography Ed. Bergman, 1915. - T. 6. - 363 p.
- The doctrine of the senses - Esteziology .