Federated Malay States

Great Britain was responsible for the foreign policy and defense of the federation, while the member states continued to be responsible for their domestic policy. The British general resident gave state governments advice on domestic policy issues, and states, bound by contractual obligations, were obliged to follow these tips.

The capital of the federation was in the city of Kuala Lumpur , which was then part of Selangor , its capital.

The Federation, together with other states and British possessions on the Malacca Peninsula in December 1941 - January 1942, was captured and occupied by Japanese forces. After the surrender of Japan, the federation was not restored. Nevertheless, the federal form of government was retained as the main model for the consolidation of individual states into an independent Malayan Federation, and then for its evolution into Malaysia .

In 1946, Great Britain formed the Malay Union from the states that until 1942 were members of the Federated Malay States, together with the British crown colony Streets Sets and non-federated Malay states . Two years later , the Malaysian Union was transformed into the Malayan Federation (since 1963 - Malaysia ).

Each state in the Federated Malay States had its own flags.

From March 1, 1879, a rectangular panel of three horizontal, equal-sized stripes was approved by the flag of Perak : the upper — white, the middle — yellow, and the lower — black. The white bar represents the ruler ( Malay. Yang Di Per Tuan ), the yellow one represents the youngest ruler ( Malaysian Raja Muda ) and the black one represents the first minister (treasurer ruler, Malaysian Raja Bandahara , who is the second successor to the throne after the younger ruler) ^[1] .

The flag of Pahang was a rectangular panel of two horizontal equal-sized stripes: the upper one was white and the lower one was black. The white bar symbolized the ruler ( Malay. Raja ), the black one - the ruler-treasurer ( Malay. Bandahara , recalling that it was the treasurers who ruled Pahang in the past ^[2] .

The flag of Selangor was a rectangular panel consisting of four isometric rectangles - two red (at the upper corner at the pole end and at the lower corner at the free edge) and two yellow (at the lower corner at the pole end and at the upper corner at the free edge). A yellow crescent and a five-pointed star, with one of its rays facing the upper corner of the flag at the flagpole, were depicted in the red rectangle at the upper corner near the flagpole edge. Yellow and red symbolized flesh and blood. The crescent and star are symbols of Islam ^[3] . Yellow is also the color of the Sultan. The five rays of the star symbolize the reading of the creed, the fivefold daily prayer, the giving of alms, the fast during Ramadan and the pilgrimage ^[4] .

The flag of Negri Sembilan approved a rectangular yellow panel with a roof , consisting of red (top) and black (bottom) triangles. The yellow flag flag represented the ruler ( Malaysian. Yang di-Pertuan Besar ). Red color symbolized loyalty to Great Britain , and black color symbolized the Undangs ( Malay. Undang) - the rulers of the four largest Minangkabau principalities, from which Negri-Sembilan was created ^[5] .

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  Perak flag

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  Pahang flag

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  Selangor flag

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  Flag of Negri Sembilan

From the combination of white, red, yellow and black colors that were present on the flags of the states included in the federation, the flag of the Federated Malay States was compiled, which was a rectangular panel of four horizontal, equal stripes: white, red, yellow and black, with the image of a running tigers in a white horizontal oval in the center of the flag.

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  Photo of the original flag (from fabric) of the Federated Malaysian States

Guys of ships and ships of Perak was a rectangular panel, consisting of four triangles - white at the pole end, two black - at the top and bottom edges, and yellow - at the free edge of the flag ^[6] .

Huys Pahang was a rectangular panel, consisting of two white (at the pole and at the free edges) and two black (at the lower and upper edges) triangles ^[7] .

Huys Selangor was a rectangular panel, consisting of two yellow (at the pole and free edges) and two red triangles (at the upper and lower edges).

Huys Negri-Sembilan had a rectangular panel consisting of a red triangle at the upper edge, a black one at the lower edge, and two yellow ones at the pole and free edges.