One hundred and eighty degrees (in professional jargon - “eight” ) is one of the rules in cinema and on television , which states that when editing scenes in which two characters communicate with each other, the camera should not intersect during shooting shooting imaginary line of interaction of these individuals [1] . In other words, the point of shooting and the size of the plan may change, but the direction of the actors' gaze throughout the scene must be preserved. On neighboring plans, where the actors are shot large, their views should be directed towards each other and in the same directions as on the general plans.
The 180 degree rule applies to other types of scenes:
- The character walking or running in front of the camera in the adjacent editing frames should move in one direction, otherwise the viewer will have the impression that the person is walking towards himself. Similarly, if different heroes come closer in the plot, then on the frames to be glued together they should move in opposite directions.
- If the car left the frame to the right, it should enter the next frame from the left side [2] . To break this chain, you have to insert a breakdown plan of movement directly to or from the viewer.
- In battle scenes, one of the warring parties is always on the left, and the other on the right, etc.
Violation of this rule disorientates the viewer - it seems to him that the interaction occurs with a third party. Therefore, they violate the 180 ° rule very rarely, mainly for the sake of some special effect. So, the rule is repeatedly violated in Stanley Kubrick’s film “ Radiance ”, as a result of which a mystical atmosphere is created [3] . The second part of The Lord of the Rings did interesting things with Gollum : this character talked to himself, while the “good” Gollum looked to the left, and the “bad” looked to the right, while only the camera position, but not the character, changed.
Notes
- ↑ Compose a Motion Picture, 1992 , p. 209.
- ↑ Handbook of the Film Amateur, 1986 , p. 144.
- ↑ Nicole Boyd. Walter Murch and the 'Rule of Six' - Film Editing . Tutorials . Video & Filmmaker (May 28, 2014). Date of treatment December 2, 2014.
Literature
- Medynsky S. E. Compose the film frame / Editor V. S. Bogatova. - M .: Art, 1992. - S. 194-220. - 239 p. - ISBN 5-210-00236-5 .
- Kudryashov N.N., Kudryashov A.N. Chapter VI. Technique for shooting a film // Handbook of film enthusiasts. - M .: Art, 1986. - 103-151 p. - 200,000 copies.