Physical reality

Physical reality is a philosophical ontological concept, denoting a multi-level hierarchical system of theoretical objects, built on the basis of one or more physical theories. Unlike objective reality , which is independent of any physical theories, physical reality describes the world through the use of concepts, laws, and principles of theoretical physics ^[1] . The concept of physical reality is introduced into the philosophy of science by A. Einstein . ^[2] Physical reality is a generalized theoretical model of physical phenomena and processes, designed to reflect their unobservable essence in the form of abstract, idealized objects and structures ^[3] . It is a philosophical generalization of the experience of creating many physical theories, indicating the method, means and rules for the deployment of physical research programs. The concept of physical reality is on a par with such concepts as the physical picture of the world , the style of scientific thinking, the paradigm of scientific knowledge . The correlation of physical reality objects with objective reality is based on physical experiments. Physical reality is divided into the following levels, interconnected by rules of inference , semantic interpretation, operational definitions, conventions, etc.

• The highest and most abstract level. The most fundamental conceptual and mathematical structures that are common to all or a large set of physical theories (for example, the structure of an atomistic or field-theoretic program).
• Lower, but at the same time more substantial level. Structures of the physical principles of invariance and symmetry , highlighting the hierarchy of fundamental physical interactions.
• The level of fundamental physical theory. At this level, objective reality is described by the means of this physical theory (for example, quantum physics).
• The level of applied physical theories and specific physical models (for example, continuum mechanics, hydrodynamics, models of superfluidity, superconductivity, etc.). At this level, finer details of this description are given.