Barcelona Metro ( Cat. and Spanish Metro de Barcelona ) - the metro in Barcelona , the capital of Catalonia , which forms the basis of high-speed public transport of the city and its suburbs. He began work in 1924 .
| Barcelona metro | |
|---|---|
| cat. Metro de barcelona | |
 | |
| Description | |
| A country |  Spain |
| Location | Barcelona |
| opening date | 1924 year |
| Operator | and |
| Annual passenger flow | 416.2 million (2014) [1] |
| Site | |
| Route network | |
| Number of lines | 12 |
| Number of stations | 187 |
| Net length | 151 km |
| Track width | , and |
Currently, the metro system includes 187 stations on 12 lines with a total length of 151 km [2] .
The Barcelona Metro is operated by two operators: TMB ( Cat. Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona ) and the railway company FGC ( Cat. Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya - State Railways of Catalonia).
The fare is 2.20 euros (one-time ticket; valid for 1 hour 15 minutes after composting for all types of public transport - bus, tram, funicular, etc. Discounts apply when buying tickets for several trips). Children from three years of age pay the same as adults for a ticket. There are no child rates.
Content
History
The first line of the Barcelona Metro was opened on December 30, 1924 by Gran Metropolitano de Barcelona and connected the Plaza Catalunya with the Lesseps station: now this section belongs to line 3 .
The second line (current line 1 ), built by the rival Metropolitano Transversal, opened on June 10, 1926 at the 1929 World's Fair and connected two railway lines operated by RENFE . The opening of the next metro line took place only in 1946 : the civil war interrupted the construction.
In 1951, both operators came under the control of the city. This decision was made with the aim of the speedy development of the network.
Lines
The Barcelona Metro operates a linear-route train system. Of the 11 existing metro lines in Barcelona, 8 are operated by TMB , 3 are operated by the Catalan Railways (FGC). FGC metro lines are combined with commuter lines. Modern metro schemes also show a funicular line integrated with the subway and two tram systems: Trambaix and Trambesòs .
The lines of the Barcelona metro have no names and differ in numbers. Lines 1–5 and 9–11 are served by TMB, 6–8 by the Catalan railways.
| Line | Final | Operator | Length (km) | Prospective length (km) | Number of stations | Planned stations | Opening year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospital de Bellvitge - Fondo | TMB | 20.7 | 29,758 | thirty | 38 | 1929 |
| Paral·lel - Badalona Pompeu Fabra | TMB | 13.7 | 18,466 | 18 | 34 | 1959 | |
| Zona Universitària - Trinitat Nova | TMB | 18,4 | 20,024 | 26 | 36 | 1924 | |
| Trinitat Nova - La Pau | TMB | 17.3 | 18,916 | 22 | 26 | 1926 | |
| Cornellà Center - Vall d'Hebron | TMB | 19,168 | - | 26 | 27 | 1959 | |
| Plaça Catalunya - Reina Elisenda | Fgc | 5,384 | 8,198 | 9 | ? | 1963 | |
| Plaça Catalunya - Avinguda Tibidabo | Fgc | 4,634 | - | 7 | - | 1954 |
| Pl. Espanya - Molí Nou-Ciutat Cooperativa | Fgc | 11,266 | - | eleven | - | 1983 | |
| Can Zam - La Sagrera (L9 Nord) Zona Universitària - Aeroport T1 (L9 Sud) | TMB | 7,867 (L9 Nord) 19.6 (L9 Sud) | 47.8 | 9 (L9 Nord) 15 (L9 Sud) | 39 | 2009 |
| Gorg - La Sagrera (L10 Nord) Collblanc - Foc (L10 Sud) | TMB | 5.57 (L10 Nord) 4.5 (L10 Sud) | 47.8 | 6 (L10 Nord) 6 (L10 Sud) | 33 | 2010 |
| Trinitat Nova - Can Cuiàs | TMB | 2,109 | - | five | - | 2003 |
| Sarrià – reina elisenda | Fgc | 0.6 | 3.2 | 2 | five | 2016 |
| TOTAL (12 lines) | |||||||
Perspectives
Lines 9 and 10
Currently, work is underway on the construction of lines 9 and 10 of the Barcelona Metro. In fact, this is one line with a fork at both ends that connects Badalona and Santa Coloma de Gramanet with the city of El Prat de Llobregat , the international airport and the industrial zone of the Zone of Franca. After completion, it will be the longest in Europe: there will be 52 stations on the 47.8 km line.
The project of the new metro line was adopted in 2000 , but the work had to be postponed. The construction was supposed to be completed by 2012 . The main attention was concentrated on line 9, as it allowed to connect the city with both terminals of the airport. As a result, it was decided to launch the lines in parts.
On December 13, 2009, a small section of line 9 between Can Zam and Can Peixauet was commissioned.
On April 18, 2010, a segment of line 10 from Gorg to Bon Pastor was launched, also extending line 9 to one station.
On June 26, 2010, both lines were extended to La Sagrera station.
On February 12, 2016, the second part of line 9 was launched from Zona Universitaria station to El Prat airport with a total length of 19.6 km connecting 15 stops. Some stations, such as Camp Nou, La Ribera and Ciutat Aeroportuaria, still remain closed. Travel to both terminals is charged at a separate price (€ 4.50), the ticket makes its way at the entrance and at the exit.
Until the end of 2017, it was planned to launch the second part of line 10 from the Zona Universitaria station to the Poligon Pratenc station. However, the opening of the section from the Kolblank station to the Fok station took place only on September 8, 2018, while it is planned to bring the line to Puligon Praten station no earlier than 2019. [3]
Due to financial problems, the unifying segment between La Sagrera and Zona Universitaria stations is scheduled to open later than 2019.
Line 12
According to the project, the branch was supposed to connect Barcelona with the mosquito Bash Llobregat . Construction is canceled.
Line 13
A small line, the first phase of which involves only three stations, will connect the La Morera district in Badalona and the Can Ruti hospital.
Barcelona decision
The Barcelona Metro has gained fame thanks to the principle of arranging boarding and alighting passengers , known as the Barcelona or Spanish solution. This principle consists in the fact that three platforms are being built at the stations: two coastal and one island - and the passenger can enter and leave the car from both sides, which reduces the time of the train’s stopping time and the crush at the stations. Such a solution was called Barcelona because it was first massively used in the subway of Barcelona in the 1930s , where part of the stations were built in this way, although the idea itself was first implemented even earlier in the United States : one each was built in New York and Boston stations in this way. [four]
On line 9/10, a 12-meter deep tunnel with tracks located one above the other is used. Two-tier stations are also located inside it, separated from the tracks by platform sliding doors .
Transitions between stations
Most of the transitions between stations are uncomfortable: long, narrow, and passengers pass through them towards each other. In addition, sometimes they are not well thought out: to go from station to station, sometimes you need to go through 2 consecutive transitions. The same situation, if necessary, go to the railway station from the metro station: you must go through 2 transitions at once. At some crossings and stations it is stuffy and hot. This is due to the fact that the Barcelona metro trains are air-conditioned and ventilation is not good enough at all stations.
Left and Right Movement
Not all lines have right-hand traffic. Often found and left-handed, for example, as at the station Sant Antoni.
Notes
- ↑ TRANSMET XIFRES 2014
- ↑ El Metro de Barcelona . www.trenscat.com. Date of appeal October 27, 2018.
- ↑ el metro de Barcelona - Línia L10 sud Foc - Collblanc . www.trenscat.com. Date of appeal October 27, 2018.
- ↑ Kommersant - The largest metro in the world