Red Banner, Order of Ushakov, a brigade of submarines of the Northern Fleet - a combination of submarines of the Northern Fleet . Formed in February 1938 , in March 1951 it was transformed into the 33rd Red Banner, Ushakov Order division of submarines .
 Red Banner, Order of Ushakov Brigade of submarines of the Northern Fleet | |
|---|---|
| Awards |   |
| Troops | Northern Fleet |
| Type of army | Submarine forces |
| Formation | February 1938 |
| Predecessor | there is none |
| Successor | 33rd submarine division |
| Fighting way | |
| Barents Sea | |
Content
History
Formed in February 1938. Initially, the brigade consisted of the submarine division of the type "D" ("Decembrist") and the submarine division of the type "Sh" ("Pike") . In 1939, its subdivision included 2 divisions of submarines of the types "Y" and "M" ("Baby") . At the beginning of World War II, the brigade was reinforced by several submarines of types “L” (Leninets) , “C” (“Stalinets”) and “K” (“Cruising”) and became the largest unit of submarines of the Northern Fleet. In 1942–44 , it was replenished with submarines from other fleets and submarines built on voluntary contributions from workers and funds earned on community work days by Komsomol members and young people of the Novosibirsk, Chelyabinsk and Yaroslavl regions
During the war, the submarines of the brigade, based in Ekaterininskaya harbor [1] , actively acted on enemy communications, disrupted its military transport in the Barents Sea , covered the Allied convoys from the strikes of enemy surface ships. Assisting the troops of the Karelian Front , the brigade landed reconnaissance groups on the coast of the enemy, conducted reconnaissance and performed other tasks. Her actions were notable for innovation in tactics. Her submarines systematically made daring breaks into the fjords, ports, and to the sheltered places of enemy ships, struck them with sudden torpedo attacks and secretly carried out mine settings; boldly floated to the surface of the sea and drowned the transports and ships of the enemy with artillery fire.
Crew members
By the beginning of the war with Finland , a brigade (four divisions) included 16 submarines of types “D”, “M” and “Sh” [2] :
- First Division: D-1 , D-2 and D-3
- second division: Shch-401 , Shch-402 , Shch-403 and Shch-404
- third division: Shch-421 , Shch-422 , Shch-423
- fourth division: M-171 , M-172 , M-173 , M-174 , M-175 , M-176
When the submarine brigade consisted of two floating bases "Umba" and "Dvina".
On November 13, 1940, D-1 died with the entire crew, presumably from diving below the maximum depth. Before the war, the brigade was replenished with two Katyushas, Shch-423 transferred to the Pacific Ocean, and the D-2 went for repairs to Leningrad, as a result, as of June 22, 1941, the brigade under the command of Cap. Rank 1 Vinogradov N. I. consisted of three divisions and included 15 boats [3] [4] :
- First Division (Cap. 2 p. Gadzhiev MI): D-3 , K-1 , K-2
- second division (cap. 2 p. Kolyshkin I. A.): Shch-401 , Shch-402 , Shch-403 , Shch-404 , Shch-421 , Shch-422
- third division (cap. 2 p. Morozov N. I.): M-171 , M-172 , M-173 , M-174 , M-175 , M-176 .
During the war, the brigade's composition changed, many ships died, but it was mainly the Northern Fleet that the ships completed during the war came to. Six submarines were sent to the Northern Fleet from the Pacific - the L-16 died, the rest filled up the ship structure and achieved success. Also, at the end of the war, four submarines received from the British were included in the brigade.
At the beginning of 1945, the Submarine Brigade consisted of 22 submarines, mainly of type “C”.
Fighting
The brigade was active in enemy communications in the Barents Sea, covering allied convoys. Interacting with the troops of the Karelian Front, landed reconnaissance groups in the rear of the enemy, conducted reconnaissance and performed other tasks. In the brigade for the first time in the Soviet fleet torpedo attacks were used only according to hydroacoustic stations. During the war years, the Northern Fleet submarines achieved the following successes:
- Torpedoes sunk 18 transports (57,050 grt ), 12 warships (7 corvettes, 3 patrol boats, 1 minesweeper, 1 submarine) and several motobots. 6 transports were damaged (24,822 brt). Consumption of all types of torpedoes was 1553 units.
- Minami sank 8 ships (19,048 bt), 2 corvettes, 2 patrol boats and minesweeper, damaged transport (2,646 bt) and minesweeper.
- Artillery sunk 7 ships and motoboats (736 brt) and a corvette.
At the same time 22 submarines were killed [5] .
Command
Commanders
- Captain 1st Rank Griboyedov, Konstantin Nikolaevich (February - May 1938)
- Captain 2 rank Maximov, Peter Vasilyevich (May 1938 - 1939)
- Captain 2nd Rank Pavlutsky, Daniel Isaakovich (1939 - December 1940)
- Rear Admiral Vinogradov, Nikolai Ignatievich (December 1940 - December 1943)
- Rear Admiral Kolyshkin, Ivan Aleksandrovich (December 1943 - March 1947)
- Rear Admiral Avgustinovich, Mikhail Petrovich (June 1947 - March 1951).
- Captain 1st Rank Vasilyev, Igor Vladimirovich (December 2001- January 2003)
- Captain 1st Rank Golubev, Oleg Vyacheslavovich (January 2003 - October 2007)
- Captain 1st Rank Gorbunov, Alexander Vladimirovich
- Captain 1st Rank Mambetaliev, Nurdin Bolotovich
Chiefs of Staff
- Captain 1st Rank Skorokhvatov, Boris Ivanovich (January 1942 - November 1945)
Awards
For exemplary performance of command and combat distinctions, the brigade was awarded the Order of the Red Banner (July 24, 1943), for high military skill displayed in battles at sea, as well as for bravery and courage of personnel - the Order of Ushakov 1st class (November 3 1944). Most of its submarines were awarded the Order of the Red Banner, many were given the Guards rank. All personnel of the brigade was awarded orders and medals. 7 brigade officers were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union :
- Gadzhiev, Magomet Imadutdinovich - the commander of the 1st division
- Kolyshkin, Ivan Alexandrovich - Commander of the 3rd Division, Brigade Commander
- Kucherenko, Ivan Fomich - Commander of the 2nd Division
- Lunin, Nikolai Aleksandrovich - Division Commander
- Starikov, Valentin Georgievich - commander of the submarine M-171 of the 4th division
- Fisanovich, Israel Ilyich - commander of the submarine M-172, commander of the 4th division
- Shchedrin, Grigory Ivanovich - commander of the submarine S-56
Notes
- ↑ Chronology of the most important events in the development of the Arctic Ocean and the history of the Red Banner Northern Fleet
- ↑ Preparing for the war of the Northern Fleet
- ↑ Golovko, A. G. Together with the fleet. M., Military Publishing, 1979, p. 15., or
- ↑ Kozlov, I. A., Shlomin, V. S. The Red Banner Northern Fleet. M., Military Publishing, 1983, p.74.
- ↑ Platonov A.V. The losses of the ships of the Northern Fleet in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
Links
Literature
- Submarine Northern Fleet Brigade // World War II, 1941-1945 : Encyclopedia / ed. M.M. Kozlov . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1985. - p. 565. - 500 000 copies.
- Ogarkov N.V. Submarine Brigade of the Northern Fleet // Soviet Military Encyclopedia . - M .: Military Publishing , 1979. - T. 7. - p. 381. - 687 p. - 106 000 copies