Destroyers of the Falcon type are destroyers (from 1907 - destroyers ), the ships of which were built for the Russian Navy from 1894 to 1902 .
| Destroyers of the Falcon type | |
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| Years of construction | 1894-1906 |
| Built | 27 |
| Main characteristics | |
| Displacement | 240 tons (full) |
| Length | 57.91 m (between perpendiculars) |
| Width | 5.3 m |
| Draft | 1.63-2.29 m |
| Reservation | Not |
| Engines | 2 triple expansion steam engines , 4 or 8 boilers |
| Power | 3800 l. with. (2.9 M W ) |
| Mover | 2 screws |
| Speed | 26.5 knots (design) |
| Sailing range | 2,500 miles at 10 knots 1200 at 15 knots 250 at 25 knots |
| Crew | 52-64 people |
| Armament | |
| Artillery | 1 × 75 mm / 50 Kane, 3 × 47 mm / 35 Hotchkiss since 1912 2 × 75 mm Kane guns |
| Mine torpedo armament | 2 rotary 381 mm TA ( Whitehead mines ) |
 Wikimedia Commons Media Files | |
In total, 27 destroyers of this type were built, including the prototype - the destroyer " Quick ". Destroyers of the Sokol type became the “standard” destroyers of the Russian fleet by the time the Russo-Japanese War began , but during the latter it became obvious that the technical characteristics and armament of ships of this type were seriously outdated.
Content
Purpose
- Fighting destroyers of the enemy.
Development and Construction History
The project was proposed by the English company " Yarrow " to the Maritime Department of Russia in 1894 . In many ways, he repeated his prototype - a project of the British destroyer type " Hevok ". But unlike the prototype, on Sokol-type ships, they strengthened the longitudinal strength of the hull using high-strength nickel steel. Instead of one 76-mm gun and three 57-mm guns on the Hevok, one 75-mm gun and three 47-mm guns were installed on Sokol destroyers.
Initially, the destroyers were given “bird” names (“Falcon”, “Gyrfalcon”, “Hawk” and so on). On March 9, 1902, Order No. 43 was issued for the Naval Department, according to which all destroyers of the series received “combat” adjectives (“Frisky”, “Decisive”, “Hitting” and so on). Formally, they continued to be listed as destroyers, but they were usually called fighters (inaccurate translation of the English word destroyer) or counter-destroyers, and sometimes destroyers. Only in 1907 out of many names the destroyer squadron was legalized.
Design
Corps
The hull was made with a very large elongation (10.9: 1) and was lightened to the limit: sheathing, deck deck, waterproof bulkheads were made of nickel steel sheets with a thickness of not more than 5 mm, which bent even under the weight of a person. For fighters of domestic construction, the thickness of the casing in the middle part was increased to 6–7.5 mm, deck decking to 4.5–7.5 mm. All this somewhat reduced the “shakiness” of the hull, but led to an increase in displacement and reduced speed. The body is riveted with a transverse dialing system ( spacing 0.53 m), divided by ten transverse watertight bulkheads. The longitudinal strength was ensured by the keel and two bottom stringers made of corner steel. Forged and ram stem forged.
Mechanisms
The destroyer power plant consisted of two vertical steam engines of triple expansion and eight (on the destroyers of the subtypes "Clear-sighted" and "Solid" - four) of water tube boilers. The estimated power of each car is 1900 hp. at 400 rpm. Eight boilers were placed in pairs in the transverse plane, each pair had its own chimney, with four boilers each boiler had its own chimney. The vapor distribution time was about an hour.
The total supply of coal was 60 tons and was stored in coal side pits located along the boiler compartments, and in one transverse pit located behind the galley.
Armament
The destroyers were armed with one 75 mm Kane gun with a barrel length of 50 klb., Mounted on a platform above the conning tower, and three 47 mm Hotchkiss guns (on the upper deck: two on the forecastle and one on the utah). The ammunition of the 75-mm gun was 180 armor-piercing shells, 47-mm guns - 800 rounds of ammunition with steel or cast iron grenade. The supply of ammunition was carried out manually.
Mine armament of the destroyer consisted of two single-tube mine vehicles with a caliber of 381 mm, located along the longitudinal axis of the ship. The ammunition reserve of mine vehicles consisted of six 17-foot self-propelled Whitehead mines arr. 1898, of which two were constantly in mine vehicles, and four were stored disassembled in the nose cockpit (the hull in the locker, and warheads in the hold).
Notes
Links
- Destroyer destroyer "Quick" . Date of treatment February 7, 2012. Archived May 19, 2012.
- Destroyers of the "Falcon" type . Date of treatment February 14, 2013. Archived February 15, 2013.