Glebov, Mikhail Nikolaevich

Born into a noble family . On June 13, 1818 he was accepted for education in the Noble boarding house of St. Petersburg University . August 15, 1821 entered the service in the department of the Ministry of Justice . From February 25, 1824 - college secretary From July 1, 1824, an assistant to the clerk at the State Commission for the Repayment of Debts.

Participated in the uprising on Senate Square . The soldiers of the Moscow regiment came to the square without an overcoat . Glebov gave the soldiers one hundred rubles to buy wine. Because of this, the myth went that drunken people raged on the square.

The investigation failed to establish the affiliation of Glebov to secret societies.

Arrested and delivered to the Peter and Paul Fortress on December 17, 1825 .

Convicted of V category on July 10, 1826 . Sentenced to hard labor for a period of 10 years. On August 22, 1826, the term of hard labor was reduced to 6 years. Sent from the Peter and Paul Fortress to Siberia on February 5, 1827 . Arrived at Chitinsky prison on March 22, 1827 . In September 1830 he was transferred to the Petrovsky Plant .

At the end of the penal servitude period in August 1832, he was sent into exile in the village of Kabanskoye in the Verkhneudinsky district of the Irkutsk province (currently the village of Kabansk , Kabansky district of Buryatia ).

Due to his illness, Glebov requested that he be transferred to a residence in the Bratsk prison of the Nizhneudinsky district. But this was refused to him on June 5, 1841 . In Kabansk he had his own house, he traded in a shop.

In 1832, Kabansk became a place of exile; the Decembrist M.N. Glebov was settled here. Answering the questions of the Investigative Committee, he wrote: “Preparing for the civil service, I put great effort into studying law and political economy, but I can’t name the beginning of a free way of thinking, they gradually developed in me, at first it was a feeling of love for humanity, then desire for good to the native land. Community and reading contributed a lot to spreading these thoughts. ”

A man of such lofty and noble goals in life, M. N. Glebov, who served as an assistant to the clerk at the administrator of the state commission for paying off debts, was arrested at the end of December 1825 and placed in the casemate No. 3 of the bastion of the Peter and Paul Fortress . At first, it was believed that he accidentally stuck with the rebels . However, the evidence received indicates that M.N. Glebov was very active during the uprising on December 14 at the Senate Square in St. Petersburg (he had a sword in his hands), brought news to the rebels, heard by the people, donated 100 rubles to treat the frozen soldiers ( at that time the amount was very large), he knew about the conspiracy and after the uprising broke out he visited the apartments of his leaders Ryleyev and Bestuzhev, as well as denial during interrogations about belonging to a secret society, were the basis of the sentence. The Supreme Criminal Court assigned Glebov to the fifth category and sentenced him to hard labor for 10 years, followed by a reference to the settlement. Emperor Nicholas I upheld the sentence, although reduced the time for other Decembrists. Only one of the subsequent decrees sentence Glebov was sentenced to 6 years.

Shortly before the uprising, Glebov’s father, who served as a college secretary, died, and his mother, along with her children, was forced to be in an estate located in the Kursk province. At the end of February 1826, she petitioned Nicholas I, in which, in particular, she wrote: “Mother’s sorrow and sorrow see in the misfortune of her son, who had just left the youth, who made up all my support, help in family work with his eight young brothers and sisters recently deprived of a father. I do not know the crimes of my son. But! The open heart of this unfortunate person consoles me that he is not a villain, but can be lured by inexperience. ”The petition of the mother of the Decembrist was ignored. The financial affairs of the Glebov family were in a very upset state, as can be seen from the appeal of the state adviser I.P. Engel to the Minister of War, General A.I. Tatishchev. Engel notifies that he is assigned to the Glebov estate as a guardian, the estate itself is in complete disarray and decline due to the manager’s negligence and asks for the transfer of all documents sealed to him by Decembrist after his arrest. Glebov himself did not object to the transfer "to the disposal of the state adviser Engel of ... documents and possessions".

February 4, 1827 “Sovereign Emperor deigned to deign the criminals contained in the Peter and Paul Fortress” to send Glebov, Rosen, Kyukhelbeker, Repin to Siberia. At the end of hard labor in August 1832. Glebov, together with A.E. Rosen, went to the settlement, the most tragic part of his life began. Rosen later recalled in his Notes: “I traveled with M. N. Glebov to Verkhneudinsk, there I parted with him, he was settled not far from this city in the village of Kabanki, where he lived for nineteen years, at first he conducted a small sale in a shop, then he missed and thirsted and missed everything ... ”It was during this period that the Decembrist aggravated the illness received in hard labor, Glebov’s relatives were devastated, and could not provide substantial financial support.

Already in November, Glebov wrote: “... From the letters of my relatives I can see that the affairs of our family are in a frustrated situation. This makes it difficult for them to send me money for my maintenance, and sometimes it took more than a year that I get nothing from home. I’m ashamed to ask them, all the more so since my parents left significant debts ... ”

The difficult financial situation and illness prompted Glebov to write a petition to the Governor-General of Irkutsk to transfer him from Kabansk to Bratsk prison, a copy of which is stored in the case No. 229 of the State Archives of the Irkutsk Region: “For more than two years since I am susceptible to painful attacks, caring and friendly care can make it easier my misery. I know that my comrade, Mukhanov, who was settled in the Nizhneudinsky district in the Bratsk prison, was in a similar situation when he was at Petrovsky Zavod. While caring for each other, we would much help to alleviate the pain, now enhanced by our lonely position ... "

The Decembrist P. A. Mukhanov, whom Glebov asked for a transfer, was among the notable, though not the main figures of the Decembrist movement, and, like the last, was among the young participants in the uprising, who played the most decisive and important role in it. At the meeting of the Decembrists at the end of 1825 in Moscow after the defeat of the uprising, Mukhanov declared his readiness to go to Petersburg, kill Nikolai 1 and release the participants of the demonstration on December 14 from the Peter and Paul Fortress.

This “challenge” to regicide was during the investigation the main point of accusation of Mukhanov: he was sentenced to 15 years of hard labor, followed by a life sentence in Siberia. On November 8, 1832, after hard labor, he was settled in the Bratsk prison, which Mukhanov described in his letter to his mother as a village "on the banks of the Angara, a desert and gloomy place." The city was far from Irkutsk - there was no place to wait in case of illness of medical care, there was practically no connection with the outside world. The Decembrist asks for a translation, but the resolution of Nicholas I reads: “Answer that this cannot be done, because it behaves very badly and is not worthy of condescension.”

The reason was a box of seeds intercepted by the police, under the double bottom of which letters of the bride of Mukhanov, E. A. Shakhovskaya, were found, which violated the ban on "secret communication with state criminals from the government". This was followed by a refusal to allow Mukhanov to marry EA Shakhovskaya, who had come to Siberia, who soon fell ill with consumption and died. “This sacrifice is too great,” Mukhanov wrote. Thus, both Decembrists were completely lonely in the corners of Siberia, remote from the main Decembrist colonies, in a harsh climate with an upset health.

The Irkutsk Governor-General S. B. Bronevsky , forwarding the letter to the chief of the gendarme corps A. X, Benkendorf, noted that at the request for Glebov’s movements “to the Bratsk prison, where, according to his painful condition, he would always find care and care that could - to alleviate his suffering with his comrade Mukhanov settled there ”, finds“ no obstacle ”.

Petersburg was silent for five years. Only on the repeated appeal of the Governor-General of East Siberia on March 2, 1841, the head of the 8th district of the gendarme corps, who found resettlement possible “away from the high roads” of the Bratsk prison, the chief of the gendarmes replied that he found it inconvenient to “enter into this with an all-out representation” according to remarks "the ossification of the latter in its errors." Mukhanov’s letter to his bride from the convict Petrovsky Plant turned out to be prophetic: “Today we said goodbye to Mr. Glebov, whom we all love. God alone knows how he will live in a settlement. A completely different life awaits those leaving here. The lifestyle depends so much on the place of settlement that it is difficult to prepare for this in advance. They often leave here without any money, no one knows where, no one knows who they will become - a plowman, fisherman, merchant. The only thing that is not in doubt is that loneliness awaits. Mr. Glebov’s departure caused deep regret. ”(According to Levent Aleksey Ivanovich's article“ Two Decembrists ”published in the Baikal Lights newspaper on September 8, 1995, No. 71 (8252))

On October 19, 1851, Mikhail Nikolayevich died from beating and poisoning of robbers in the Kabanskaya Sloboda. The non-commissioned officer of the Kaban stage team Ilya Zhukov and the peasant daughter Natalya Yuryeva were found guilty.

Glebov’s grave has not been preserved.

• Decembrists
• Decembrists in Buryatia

• The memories of Bestuzhevs. - M .; L., 1951;
• Leventa, A. Settled in Kabanki // Youth of Buryatia. -1988. - Feb 27 - C.8. - (In the depths of Siberian ores).
• Timofeeva M. Yu. Secret of the death of Glebov // newspaper "Transbaikal Worker". 1975, August 30;
• Rosen A. E. "Notes of the Decembrist." - Irkutsk, 1984;
• Decembrists: Biographical Reference / Ed. M.V. Nechkina. - M., 1988.
• Trubetskoy S.P. Materials on life and revolutionary activity. T.2.-Irkutsk: East Siberian Book Publishing House. 1987.-S.94-95.
• Chulkov N.P. Glebov, Mikhail Nikolaevich // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.