Borisov, Peter Ivanovich

Born into a noble family. Father - retired major of the Black Sea Fleet Ivan Andreevich Borisov, mother - Praskovya Emelyanovna Dmitrieva. The elder brother of Borisov, Andrei Ivanovich .

He received home education under the guidance of his father: he studied history, geography, philosophy, natural sciences. He studied mathematics and artillery under the Decembrist A.K. Burstel .

Together with his brother, he joined the junker at the 26th artillery brigade on June 10, 1816 . Since June 18, 1820 with the rank of ensign . July 6, 1820 transferred to the 8th artillery brigade. Since June 10, 1825 with the rank of second lieutenant .

Together with his brother A.I. Borisov and Yu.K. Lyublinsky, he founded the Society of United Slavs . When combined with the Southern Society, he spoke out against a military coup, was a supporter of attracting the local population to the movement.

Arrested in the 8th artillery brigade by order of January 9, 1826 . January 21, 1826 delivered from Zhytomyr to St. Petersburg to the main guardhouse, the same day transferred to the Peter and Paul Fortress .

Handcuffed on February 15, 1826, unchained on April 30, 1826.

Convicted of the 1st category on July 10, 1826; sentenced to eternal hard labor and already on July 23, together with his brother, was sent chained to Siberia ; On August 22, 1826, the term of hard labor was reduced to 20 years.

Arrived in Irkutsk on August 29, 1826, from there they were sent to the Aleksandrovsky distillery; October 6 returned to Irkutsk; On October 8, the brothers were sent to the Blagodatsky mine, from where they were transferred to the Chita prison - arrived in Chita on September 29, 1827 . In September 1830, transferred to the Petrovsky Plant . Here the brothers made regular meteorological observations, which subsequently made it possible to determine the average monthly temperatures for Siberia.

November 8, 1832 the term of hard labor was reduced to 15 years; December 14, 1835 - until the age of 13.

At the end of the penal servitude period, by decree of July 10, 1839, the brothers were sent into exile in the village of Podlopatki of the Verkhneudinsky district of Irkutsk province (currently the village of Podlopatki, Mukhorshibirsky district ).

By decree of March 21, 1841, the brothers were transferred to the village of Malaya Razvodnaya, Irkutsk province.

In exile, Pyotr Ivanovich led a democratic circle that opposed the religious "congregation" of the Bobrishchev-Pushkin brothers. He was engaged in social sciences, bookbinding, giving lessons.

Suddenly died in the village of Malaya Razvodnaya. He was buried in the village of Bolshaya Razvodnaya, the grave was not preserved.

Author of fundamental works: “Ornithological Fauna of Eastern Siberia”, a number of works on floristry : “A Bouquet of Eastern Siberia” and “Essays on the Graceful Flora of the Trans-Baikal Territory” and others, compiler of the treatise “On Ants”.

Collected plants and insects. He developed a new classification of insects, which was subsequently adopted by the Paris Academy of Sciences. He established contacts with the Botanical Garden in St. Petersburg and with the Moscow Society of Naturalists , where he sent his herbariums and insect collections.

Watercolor painter. He created about 600 drawings of flora and fauna of Eastern Siberia and Transbaikalia . Illustrated with watercolors his scientific works. He illustrated the book of I. D. Bylichyov “Traveling in Eastern Siberia”. He died with a brush in his hands.

• Decembrists
• Decembrists in Buryatia

• Materials of the investigation of P.I. Borisov the 2nd . Decembrist revolt. Documents. T.V, S.8-75.
• Letters from the Borisov brothers , 1838-1841
• K.S. Kuybysheva, N.I.Safonova . Unpublished letters from the Borisov brothers during the years of exile .

• Nechkina M. V. "Society of the United Slavs." - M .; L., 1927;
• Soviet historical encyclopedia - M., 1966. - T. 2;
• Kuibysheva K.S., Safonova. I. "Watercolors of the Decembrist P.I. Borisov." - M., 1986;
• Decembrists: Biographical Reference / Ed. M.V. Nechkina. - M., 1988;
• Shikman A. P. "Figures of national history." - M., 1997;
• "The natural and scientific heritage of the Decembrist P.I. Borisov." - M., 2002. - (Scientific inheritance; T. 29).
• Questions of the history of science and technology. - Moscow, Science, 1956

• Works of Borisov on the site Lib.ru: Classics
• P. Borisov. On the origin of the planets A. N. Radishchev and the Decembrists. From the atheistic heritage of the first Russian revolutionaries, M.: “Thought”, 1986. P. 220—223.
• Watercolors of the Decembrist P.I. Borisov , M. Art, 1986, p. 23-60.
• V. B. Bakhaev . The Decembrists Borisov brothers at a settlement in Buryatia, "Proceedings of the Buryat Institute of Social Sciences, BF SB AS USSR", Ulan-Ude, 1973, pp. 163-173