Mobilian jargon or Mobilian trade language , Yamá is a pidgin used as a lingua franca among the Indians along the Gulf of Mexico , and also for some time by Europeans and black slaves at contacts with the Indians. The name comes from the name of the Indian tribe Mobile (see Mobile , en: Mabila ).
| Mobile jargon | |
|---|---|
| Self name | Yamá |
| Country | USA |
| Regions | from the Atlantic coast to Texas |
| Official status | not |
| Regulatory organization | not |
| Total number of speakers | extinct |
| Extinct | mid XX century |
| Classification | |
| Category | Creole and Pidgin |
| Pidgin , based on Choctaw and Chicago with the inclusion of the words of several other Native American languages, mainly the Muskogee family | |
| Writing | latin |
| Language Codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | - |
| ISO 639-2 | - |
| ISO 639-3 | |
| IETF | |
| Glottolog | |
It reached its maximum distribution at the beginning of the 19th century, after which it began to rapidly decline in connection with the massive displacement of Indian tribes and the transition of Indians to English. By now, it has practically disappeared.
Scope
Mobile jargon was used on the territory from the northwest coast of Florida and the territory of the current states of Alabama and Georgia to the east of Texas and the center of Illinois . It was distributed among the tribes of Alabama , Apalachi , Biloxi , Chakato , Pakan , Pascagoula , Taens and Tunic .
Origin
Mobile jargon is a pidginized form based on two closely related languages, Choctaw and Chicaso (both belong to the western branch of the Muskogee family ), and also contains elements of Eastern Muskogens, such as Alabama and Coasati , colonial languages - Spanish , French and English , as well as perhaps Algonkin and other languages. Pamela Munroe is of the opinion that the mobile jargon is based primarily on the Choctaw language, and not on Choctaw and Chicaso, against this opinion is Emanuel Drexel.
Grammar
Compared to Choctaw, it has a simplified syllable structure and phonetics.
See also
- Michif
- Chinook jargon
Links
Literature
- Munro, Pamela. (1984). On the Western Muskogean source for Mobilian. International Journal of American Linguisics , 50 , 438-450.
- Drechsel, Emanuel. (1987). On determining the role of Chickasaw in the history and origin of Mobilian Jargon. International Journal of American Linguisics , 53 , 21-29.
- Drechsel, Emanuel. (1997). Mobilian Jargon: Linguistic and Sociohistorical Aspects of a Native American Pidgin. Oxford university press