Vyacheslav Pavlovich Polonsky (real name Gusin ; June 23 [ July 5 ] 1886 , St. Petersburg - February 24, 1932 ) - Russian, Soviet critic, editor, journalist, historian.
| Vyacheslav Pavlovich Polonsky | |
|---|---|
 V.P. Polonsky. Drawing by V. Mayakovsky, made by the editors of the Annals magazine on January 22, 1917. Collection by L. Yu. Brik , Moscow | |
| Birth name | Vyacheslav Pavlovich Gusin |
| Aliases | Polonsky |
| Date of Birth | June 23 ( July 5 ) 1886 |
| Place of Birth | St. Petersburg |
| Date of death | February 24, 1932 (aged 45) |
| Place of death | |
| Citizenship (citizenship) | |
| Occupation | literary critic , editor , journalist , historian |
| Language of Works | |
He was the editor of the magazines Krasnaya Niva , Red Archive and Searchlight , the editor-in-chief of the magazines New World (1926-1931), Press and Revolution (1921-1929).
Content
Biography
Born in St. Petersburg in the family of a watchmaker. From the age of 14, he maintained himself with his own labor and was engaged in self-education. In 1907, he passed the exam for a teacher and entered the Psychoneurological Institute, from where he was expelled for participating in a student strike. Since 1905 he participated in the revolutionary movement, joined the RSDLP (Menshevik). In 1918 he joined the RCP (b).
In 1918-1920 he led the Literary and Publishing Department of the Political Administration of the Red Army, and was personally acquainted with Trotsky.
Literary work
Some time before its closure in 1925, was the director of the Higher Literary and Art Institute .
In 1926 he entered the first editorial board of the journal “ Marxist Historian ”.
In February 1927, he published an article in the newspaper Izvestia “Notes by a journalist. LEF or bluff? ”, In which he made harsh criticism of LEF, who considered themselves the only true representatives of revolutionary art and who competed in this field with proletarian groups“ October ”and VAPP .
The reaction to Polonsky’s article was the dispute of writers (March 23, 1927), chaired by V. M. Fritsche , at which V. V. Mayakovsky (opening and closing words), V. P. Polonsky (twice), V. B. Shklovsky , M. Yu. Levidov , I.M. Nusinov , N.N. Aseev , L.L. Averbakh . The polemic between Mayakovsky and Polonsky continued further.
Work in the New World
Working as the editor-in-chief of the New World , Polonsky published many large and sharp works of Russian literature.
“Polonsky printed in“ New World ”a whole array of“ The Life of Klim Samghin ”,“ Sea ”,“ Cruelty ”,“ Captain Konyaev ”,“ Living Water ”,“ Into the Storm ”of Sergeev-Tsensky ,“ The Eighteenth Year ”and the first book “Peter the Great” by Alexei Tolstoy , “The Kashcheyev Chain” and “The Crane Homeland” of Prishvin , the head of “Russia, Washed with Blood” by Artem Vesely, “M. P. Sinyagin “ Zoshchenko , Babel’s play“ Sunset ”,“ Elen ”by Sokolov-Mikitov ,“ Lieutenant Schmidt ”, excerpts from the poem“ Nine Hundred and Five Years ”and lyrics by Pasternak , verses by Yesenin, Mayakovsky, Bagritsky, Mandelstam, Pavel Vasilyev .” 2]
In the 26th year, he published Boris Pilnyak's “ Tale of the Unburdened Moon ”, and this created a big scandal.
Polonsky was often attacked by the RAPP group, and he also actively argued with them, accusing them of overexposure and distortion of his statements.
"New World" then reached the largest circulation among all literary journals of the USSR. [3]
Polonsky was also the director of the Museum of Fine Arts (1929-32), now the Museum of Fine Arts. A. S. Pushkin , [2] [4] and was a researcher of the revolutionary poster.
Died on the train, returning from Magnitogorsk to Moscow . Buried in Moscow.
Notes
- ↑ Polonsky Vyacheslav Pavlovich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ed. A. M. Prokhorov - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1969.
- ↑ 1 2 Lyubimov, Nikolai Mikhailovich , “Fadeless Color” , a book of memoirs in 3 volumes, “Languages of Slavic Culture”, 2000, 2004, 2007, Volume 1
- ↑ VYACHESLAV POLONSKY magazines.russ.ru
- ↑ Polonsky V.P .: biographical information az.lib.ru
Literature
- Vyach. Polonsky. Bakunin. Monograph. T. 1. - M .: GIZ , 1922 .-- 3 + 418 s.
- Vyach. Polonsky. Russian revolutionary poster. - M .: GIZ, 1925.
- Vyach. Polonsky. On literary topics. - M .: Krug, 1927 .-- 216 p., 3,000 copies.
- Vyach. Polonsky. About Mayakovsky. - M-L .: GIHL , 1931 .-- 68 p.
- Vyach. Polonsky. Consciousness and creativity. - L .: Publishing house of writers in Leningrad, 1934. - 216 p.
- Vyacheslav Polonsky. My struggle is on the literary front. A diary. May 1920 - January 1932. “Vyacheslav Polonsky. Russian history. Popular essays. Part one "Moscow 1922.
Links
- Vyacheslav Polonsky. My struggle is on the literary front. A diary. May 1920 - January 1932. // The New World. - 2008. - No. 1 - 6 .
- Vyacheslav Polonsky in the "Journal Hall"
- Polonsky Vyacheslav Pavlovich - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
- Polonsky Vyach. // Literary Encyclopedia 1929-1939
- Vyacheslav Polonsky. Notes on culture and unculture // Krasnaya nov . 1923. No. 3.