Guslits

The name has been known since the first half of the 14th century , when the Guslits volost was first mentioned in the spiritual letter of Ivan Kalita . It is believed that she received the name from her administrative center - the village of Guslitsy (now Ilyinsky Pogost ), which, in turn, owes its name to the Guslitsa river, which flows nearby.

The borders of the Guslitsky volost on the ground are described in some detail in the traveling letter of the late XV - early XVI centuries. This letter was composed by nobleman Andrei Filippovich Naumov. The Guslitsa volost at Naumov extended to the west to the villages of Hoteichi and Bukhonovo (Alekseevskaya identity), to the east to Malkov and Zevnev, to the north to Kurovskaya and Zavolenie, and to the south to Chelokhov and Zhirov. Later, in the 19th century, the lands of the former volost of Seln - Zaponorye and Zakhod (Zaokhot) began to be added to Guslitsa. There was even a joke - "without Guslits without Sunset."

The village of Bogorodskoye, founded by Prince Vladimir Staritsky on the orders of Tsar Ivan the Terrible , was for some time the administrative center of the Guslitsky volost. Under the Lopukhins, a pond with an island was excavated in the village, and a park was planted nearby. The pond and part of the park have survived to our time.

One of the villages allegedly bore the name of Ulyana, the second wife of Ivan Kalita, and was called Ulyanino. Later, the villages of Ulyanino and Nezdenovo merged and formed Stepanovka. In turn, the village of Stepanovka was named for the landowner Stepan Lopukhin, a relative of Tsarina Evdokia Lopukhina . The village of Zakharyinsky in Guslitsa volost under Ivan III was the patrimony of his close Ivan Vasilyevich Oschery. In 1492, the widow of Ivan Vasilyevich and his son Ivan Oscherin transferred this village to the possession of the Epiphany Monastery in Moscow to commemorate Ivan Vasilyevich and his early deceased son Mikhail, "with meadows and forests and all the lands, and they gave the village according to their sovereign Ivan Vasilievich and in his son Mikhail Ivanovich. " Later, the village "Zakharyinsky, Oscherino identity" became a village and for many centuries bears the name Ascherino. The villages of Chaynikovo and Andreevo at the merger formed the village of Abramovka.

Under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich Guslitsy were not yet densely populated. By the end of the 17th century, Guslitsy consisted of 46 villages, the largest of which were Ravenskoye, Shuvoy, Khoteichi, Ilyinsky Pogost, Selivanikha and others. For many years, the center of Guslits was the Ilyinsky Pogost , named after the Church of Elijah the Prophet , erected here at the beginning of the XVII century.

At the end of the XVII century, after streltsy riots in the Guslitsky forests and swamps, according to legend, archers and boyars persecuted by the tsar fled for the old faith. In the manuscript of the abbot of the monastery “Joseph on the stone” (the monastery was not far from Mistsev) it was written: “The clan of the gusliks is ancient and glorious in speed, it was led from rebellious boyars and archers”. In old books, the village of Barskaya near the current Davydov was called Boyarskaya. In 1710, Peter I gave Guslitsy to A.D. Menshikov . Seventeen years owned Guslitsy A. D. Menshikov. Under Tsar Peter II, Alexander Danilovich was sent into exile, and all his possessions were ranked as a palace department.

In 1728, all the villages of Guslits were granted to Stepan Vasilievich Lopukhin . Under Elizabeth Petrovna S.V. Lopukhin fell into disgrace , and in 1744 he was sent into exile . During this period, Field Marshal P. A. Rumyantsev asked Guslitsy for the tsarina, but was refused.

Under Catherine II, Guslitsy in 1762 was given to Natalya Fyodorovna Lopukhina , whose husband - S.V. Lopukhin - himself owned this area until his exile and death. A year later, Lopukhin died, and the estate was divided into three parts by her sons. The requisitions of the landlords of the Lopukhins tortured the Guslitsky peasants, and they submitted a petition to the Empress, although they were forbidden to do so by Decree of 1765. For this, a military detachment was sent to the Guslitsky village of Bogorodskoye to punish the peasants.

In 1767, the Lopukhins, having sold the lands of their patrimony , left for more peaceful places. Breeder N.I. Demidov bought one third of Guslits with the villages of Vnukovo, Davydovo, Pechurino, Slobodishchi, Stolbunova, Chichevo and others. From these villages, the breeder resettled more than 600 gusliks to Siberia .

The volost , which existed for several centuries, was abolished at the end of the 18th century: in 1781 a new administrative division of Russia took place, and part of the villages of Guslits entered the Bogorodsky district of the Moscow province.

In 1794, the Demidov third of Guslits passed into the possession of the landowner O. A. Zherebtsova; at that time it included 44 villages.

After the abolition of the volost as an administrative unit, the name "Guslitsy" was preserved thanks to the Old Believers , who almost entirely inhabited the region and created an original culture here. Local Old Believers were known to residents of the surrounding areas and throughout Russia as gander. Gusliaks were engaged in hops cultivation (the famous "Guslitsky hops"), as well as the fabrication of fake banknotes, went to the "collection" (collected alms). There were many literate people in Guslitsky villages. In the XVIII century in Guslitsy appeared a characteristic style of design of manuscript singing books, known as "Guslitsky writing" ^[1] .

I.I. Ordynsky as of the 18th century names the following villages of the former Guslitsky Territory: Alekseevskaya, Vnukovskaya, Gorshkovo, Davydovskaya , Kruglovo, Kostenevo, Mosyagino, Pechurino, Pominovo, Slobodishchi, Senkino, Starovo, Stolbunovo, Chichevo, Chelokhino, Tsaplino , Tsaplino , Bezzubovo , Baryshevo, Pankratovskaya, Zevnevo, Ignatovo, Botogovo, Ivanishchevo, Shuvoy, Nareevo, Gridino, Ustyanovo, Abramovka (formed in the XVIII century as a result of the merger of the villages of Channikovo and Andreevo), Stepanovka (formed from the villages of Nezdenovo and Ulyorinino, Capitals, T Itovo, Mistsevo, Ponarino, Petrushino, Selivanikha , Dorokhovo, Ascherino, Avsyunino, Belivo , Kurovskaya (Vladimir) , Zavolenie, Novinki, Ravenskaya - a total of 44 villages ^[2] . However, for some reason Ordynsky did not include the village of Guslitsy ( Ilyinsky Pogost ), as well as a number of other villages - Maksimovskaya (near Davydovskaya) and Pischevo (near Mosyagino).

• Balashov, Vasily Nikolayevich - Russian industrialist, founder of the Balashov and Sons factory in the village of Kurovskaya. His sons - Sergei Vasilievich and Grigory Vasilievich created the “Partnership of manufactories S. and G. Balashov.”
• Bancekin, Vasily Nikolaevich - Soviet signalman, Hero of the Soviet Union (a native of the village of Lashino).
• Belyakov, Alexander Vasilievich - Soviet pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union (1937), navigator of the Chkalovsky crew, teacher of the N.E. Zhukovsky Air Force Academy and head of the MIPT military department, participant in the Great Patriotic War (native of Bezzubova village).
• Gromov, Vasily Fedulovich - timber merchant, philanthropist, one of the founders of the Russian Society for Gardening and one of the founders of the St. Petersburg Conservatory (father - a native of the village of Belivo).
• Gusyatnikova, Galina Grigoryevna (May 1934 - 10, 2009) - Honored Worker of Culture of the Russian Federation (a native of the village of Slobodishchi, from a family of dye manufacturers Gusyatnikovs?).
• Demin, Nikita Stepanovich - lieutenant general of the Soviet army, Hero of the Soviet Union (a native of the village of Molokova).
• Zenin, Nikifor Dmitrievich - photographer.
• Callist (Makarov) - in the world Kiril Ermilovich Makarov, Bishop of Vladimir and Ivanovo-Ascension of the Old Orthodox Church of Christ (a native of the village of Tsaplino).
• Korzhakov, Alexander Vasilievich - head of the Security Service of the President of the Russian Federation under Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin, deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation (mother - a native of the village of Molokov).
• Kuznetsov, Matvey Sidorovich - the founder of Kuznetsov porcelain .
• Kurkov, Stepan Ivanovich - Soviet soldier, Hero of the Soviet Union (lived before the Great Patriotic War in the village of Terenkov).
• Lapushkin, Filipp Semenovich - Soviet soldier, Hero of the Soviet Union (a native of the village of Slobodishchi).
• Morozov, Savva Vasilievich - entrepreneur, a native of the village Zueva.
• Rakhmanov, Georgy Karpovich - Russian public figure, publisher (father - a native of the village of Slobodishchi).
• Soldatyonkov, Kozma Terentyevich - entrepreneur, publisher (grandfather - a native of Pavlovsky Posad).
• Strelkov, Vladimir Vyacheslavovich - Soviet, Russian director (a native of the village of Ilyinsky Pogost).
• Smirnov Victor Sergeevich - Soviet, Russian economist, Doctor of Economics (native of the village of Zevnevo)
• Shmelev, Ivan Sergeevich - Russian writer (grandfather - a native of one of the Guslitsky villages).

• Guslitsa (river)
• Patriarchine
• Likino-Dulyovo
• Egorievsk
• Gzhel

• Alekseev, V.N., Lizunov, V.S. Old Believer Palestine // My Little Homeland. The land of Orekhovo-Zuevsky: A guide to local history. - Orekhovo-Zuevo, 1998.
• Guslitsky okrug: Local history almanac . - Vladimir: Transit-X, 2006-2009. - ISBN 9785831104387 . Archived August 22, 2009 on Wayback Machine
• Guslitsky readings: City of Kurovskoye, November 11, 2006. - Kurovskoye, Moscow: Archeodoxia, Karpov E.V., 2007 .-- 128 p. - ISBN 9785959800949 .
• Guslitsky readings: Likino-Dulyovo, October 26, 2007. - M .: Archeodoxia, 2008 .-- 112 p. - ISBN 5839603600 .
• Guslitsy: Local history almanac . - 2004-2009. - No. 1-7 .
• Kochetkov, E.P. Guslitsa. The connection of centuries and generations. Album. - M .: IP Leonov Yu.B., 2013 .-- 171 p. - ISBN 978-5000280119 .
• Lizunov, V. S. Old Believers Palestine: from the history of the Orekhovo-Zuevsky Territory. - Orekhovo-Zuevo, 1992.
• Ordynsky, I. I. On the popular names of the localities of the Moscow province // Sat. materials for studying Moscow and the Moscow province. - M. , 1864. - Issue. 1 .
• Pryanikov, P. Pray - in the pine forest: Old Believers near Moscow // Rus. a life. - April 24, 2008.
• Sokolov, V.A. Old Believer surnames of the eastern suburbs. History of searches and finds. - Kazan: Rep. center for monitoring the quality of education, 2014. - 484 p. - ISBN 978-5906158772 .

• Official site of the rural settlement Novinskoe
• Official site of the rural settlement of Ilyinskoye
• Official site of the village of Davydovo
• Unofficial site of the village Antsiferovo
• Unofficial site of the village of Ponarino
• Museum of the Ilyinsky Secondary School (Ilyinsky Pogost village)
• Old Believers' villages near Moscow