Shanyrak , tundyuk , toono ( Bashk. Saғyra ; Kazakh. Shanyrқ , Kirgh . Tndak , auger ., Mong. Toono ) is a constructive element that crowns the dome of the yurt in the form of a trellis cross, inscribed in a circle. Designed to hold the side elements of the dome - uykov and create an opening for sunlight and smoke from the hearth.
Content
Device
Shanyrak is a wooden rim with a convex grille inside. On the outer side of the rim there are holes for the roof poles "Uuk".
Kazakh shanyrak
Mongol shanyrak (toono)
Folk customs
The Kazakhs shanyrak was a family relic, a sign of procreation. In no case could it be turned over, dropped. The Kazakhs' son, who inherited shanyrak, was called “shakyrak iesi” (“keeper of shanyrak”).
There are many rituals, beliefs, sayings, etc. associated with shanyrak. “Speak, looking at shanyrak” (“Shakyraka қarap sөile”) - so spoke those who behaved unsuitably in someone else’s yurt, talking too loudly. If blood is found on a shanyrak, that shanyrak is chopped and burned in a fire. Otherwise, evil spirits will not leave this house.
In heraldry
Tundyuk is depicted on the national flag of Kyrgyzstan , on the arms of Kazakhstan and the Mongolian aymak Bayan-Ulgiy , the overwhelming majority of the population in which are Kazakhs , and also on the coat of arms of Kyzyl .
Flag of Kyrgyzstan
Coat of arms of Kazakhstan
Coat of arms of Bayan Ulgia
Kyzyl Coat of Arms
Links
- Dwelling of Siberian inhabitants (inaccessible link)