Signal base

The signal base is the product of the effective value of the signal duration${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; class="mwe-math-element"><span\; class="mwe-math-mathml-inline\; mwe-math-mathml-a11y"\; style="display:\; none;">\Delta </span></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="mwe-math-element"><span\; class="mwe-math-mathml-inline\; mwe-math-mathml-a11y"\; style="display:\; none;">t</span></span>}}$ {\ displaystyle \ Delta t} and the effective value of the width of its spectrum${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; class="mwe-math-element"><span\; class="mwe-math-mathml-inline\; mwe-math-mathml-a11y"\; style="display:\; none;">\Delta </span></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="mwe-math-element"><span\; class="mwe-math-mathml-inline\; mwe-math-mathml-a11y"\; style="display:\; none;">f</span></span>}}$ {\ displaystyle \ Delta f} :

${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; class="mwe-math-element"><span\; class="mwe-math-mathml-inline\; mwe-math-mathml-a11y"\; style="display:\; none;">B</span></span>}<span\; class="mwe-math-element"><span\; class="mwe-math-mathml-inline\; mwe-math-mathml-a11y"\; style="display:\; none;">=</span></span>\mathrm{<span\; class="mwe-math-element"><span\; class="mwe-math-mathml-inline\; mwe-math-mathml-a11y"\; style="display:\; none;">\Delta </span></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="mwe-math-element"><span\; class="mwe-math-mathml-inline\; mwe-math-mathml-a11y"\; style="display:\; none;">t</span></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="mwe-math-element"><span\; class="mwe-math-mathml-inline\; mwe-math-mathml-a11y"\; style="display:\; none;">\Delta </span></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="mwe-math-element"><span\; class="mwe-math-mathml-inline\; mwe-math-mathml-a11y"\; style="display:\; none;">f</span></span>}}${\ displaystyle B = \ Delta t \ Delta f} .

In simple cases, the width of the main lobe of the spectrum can be taken as the effective spectrum width. The duration of the signal and the width of its spectrum obey the uncertainty relation, which states that the signal base cannot be less than unity. There are no restrictions on the maximum value of the signal base. That is, a short signal with a narrow spectrum cannot exist, and an infinite signal with a wide spectrum can (the so-called broadband signal, a signal with a large base). Examples of this kind are the LFM signal or White noise .