Birkhoff Crater ( eng. Birkhoff ) - a giant impact crater in the northern hemisphere of the far side of the moon . The name is given in honor of the American mathematician George David Birkhoff (1884–1944) and approved by the International Astronomical Union in 1970. The formation of the crater belongs to the pre-sectarian period [1] .
| Birkhof | |
|---|---|
| English Birkhoff | |
 Clementine probe image | |
| Specifications | |
| Diameter | 330 km |
| Deepest | 3234 m |
| Title | |
| Eponym | Birkhoff, George David (1884–1944) - American mathematician |
| Location | |
| Heavenly body | Moon |
Content
Crater Description
The crater's nearest neighbors are Rowland crater in the west; Crater Sommerfeld in the northeast; crater Stebbins in the north; Van't Hoff crater in the northeast and Carnot crater in the south [2] . The selenographic coordinates of the center of the crater are , diameter - 330 km [3] , depth - about 3 km [1] .
During its existence, the crater has undergone significant damage by subsequent impact , blocked by many craters of various sizes. The crater shaft was almost on par with the surrounding rough terrain. In the northwestern part of the crater bowl is the Birkhof X satellite crater, in the southwestern part of the bowl is the Birkhof Q satellite crater. In the northern part of the bowl, there are Birkhof Z and Y satellite craters. The bottom of the crater is flat only in certain places, otherwise it is a rugged terrain.
Satellite craters
| Birkhoff [3] | Coordinates | Diameter, km |
|---|---|---|
| K | 58.2 | |
| L | 35.1 | |
| M | 25.3 | |
| Q | 45.4 | |
| R | 25.7 | |
| X | 76.6 | |
| Y | 25.4 | |
| Z | 28.6 |
- The formation of satellite craters Birkhof K, L and Q refers to the nectar period [1] .
- The formation of the satellite crater Birkhof X refers to the pre-sectarian period [1] .
- The formation of the Birkhof Z satellite crater belongs to the Copernican period [1] .
See also
- List of craters on the moon
- Moon crater
- Morphological catalog of craters of the moon
- Planetary Nomenclature
- Selenography
- Mineralogy of the Moon
- Geology of the Moon
- Late heavy bombardment
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Lunar Impact Crater Database . Losiak A., Kohout T., O'Sulllivan K., Thaisen K., Weider S. (Lunar and Planetary Institute, Lunar Exploration Intern Program, 2009); updated by Öhman T. in 2011. Archived page .
- Бир Birkhof crater on the LAC-19 map.
- ↑ 1 2 Directory of the International Astronomical Union