Velikoluksky Locomotive Wagon Repair Plant ( VLVRZ ) is an enterprise for the repair of diesel trains , diesel locomotives and various freight cars for the needs of railways, located in the city of Velikiye Luki, Pskov Region . An object of cultural heritage of the peoples of Russia of regional significance [3] .
| Velikoluksky Locomotive Car Repair Plant | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type of | Limited liability company |
| Year of foundation | 1901 |
| Location | Great Luke Malysheva St., 11 |
| Industry | engineering |
| Products | locomotives, cars |
| Number of employees | 3,000 people (1929-1932) [1] ; ▲ 1140 (present) [2] |
| Site | vlvrz.ru |
 | Object of cultural heritage of Russia of regional significance reg. No. 601711104430005 ( EGROKN ) |
Content
The Velikoluksky locomotive-wagon repair plant carries out depot, overhaul, and current uncoupling repairs of non-self-propelled rolling stock ( freight cars ) in the scope of current repairs of TP1 (current repair of empty cars with comprehensive preparation for transportation with uncoupling from the composition or groups of cars with their supply to repair tracks) and TP2 ( current repair of loaded or empty wagons with their uncoupling from transit and arriving trains or from formed trains, performed on the ways of the current uncoupling repair) [4] . The enterprise carries out major repairs of wheelsets , at the same time they are washed, axle boxes are dismantled, wheels are pressed out from the axles, holes are bored in the hubs of new or old solid-rolled wheels, the machining of the parts of the new or old axles is pressed, new or old wheels are pressed into new or old-year axles, restoration of damaged or worn threads, control of the geometric parameters of wheel pairs and their elements [5] .
Historical names of the enterprise
- The main railway workshops for the repair of locomotives and wagons from September 1901 (at the base). [6]
- Velikoluksky steam locomotive repair plant from 01.10. 1927 . [6]
- The Velikoluksky locomotive and car repair plant named after the 50th anniversary of the USSR from 30.12. 1972 . [7]
- Velikoluksky Locomotive Repair Plant since 1976. [1]
- LLC Velikoluksky Locomotive Car Repair Plant [8]
- CJSC Velikoluksky Locomotive Car Repair Plant [2]
History
Pre-war period
Rail transport appeared in Velikiye Luki in 1901 with the construction of the Moscow-Vindava railway . The history of the Velikoluksky locomotive-car repair plant began in January 1902, when the Main railway workshops of the private Society of the Moscow-Vindavo-Rybinsk railway that owned the road were opened in Velikiye Luki. The production capacities of the workshops were designed for the prospect of increased traffic and allowed the annual repair of 40 steam locomotives , 40 tenders and more than two thousand passenger and freight cars. The enterprise included a steam locomotive building workshop, car assembly, steam assembly, painting and varnishing, a turning, wheel-turning and cast-iron foundry, a main forge and a power plant. There were craft courses at the workshops. In total, over 700 people worked at the locomotive-car repair plant.
In December 1905, workers at the railway workshops created an armed detachment. The strike spread to other railway stations. Worker Alexander Filippovich Silin began his revolutionary activity in the workshops of the VVPRZ. Later, he was a senior employee of the Cheka, and during the Civil War he died in battles with the White Guards . His name now bears one of the streets of the Great Bow [10] .
In 1907, the Bologoe-Polotsk railway passed through Velikiye Luki, and the station became a junction. Due to the new line, the transit of rolling stock through the station and the need for its repair increased. Before the war, the future Heroes of the Soviet Union Nikolai Dmitrievich Antonov , Alexander Mikhailovich Roditelev and Vasily Filippovich Sizov worked here.
During the Civil War, the plant carried out repair of armored trains . Since 1927 VLVRZ began to bear the name of Maxim Gölz [10] .
World War II
At the beginning of World War II, the plant was evacuated to Orenburg at the Orenburg Locomotive Repair Plant . In 1943, fierce battles unfolded around the enterprise as part of the Velikiye Luki offensive operation of Soviet troops. The attacking companies of the 921 rifle regiment of the Red Army entered the VVVRZ area by the evening of January 5. Embrasures were broken in the walls of the workshops, and the rolling stock standing on the tracks in large numbers was used by the Nazis as firing points. The fighting began on the night of January 6th. By morning, the enemy was knocked out of several workshops, where about 300 Soviet workers were kept under barbed wire. The fully Velikoluksky railway junction , including the station building and the locomotive depot , was released by the morning of January 16 [11] .
One of the first after the liberation of the city, his pre-war chief V.V. Amosov returned to the factory. By April 1944, he managed to collect 78 veteran workers, and in August their number increased to 200. The formed labor collective immediately began priority restoration work. By early August, the first steam boiler of the Shukhov system was launched in the boiler room. The capital restoration of the plant began with the return of workers from Orenburg in 1944.
Immediately an acute question arose of power supply. The factory CHPP, which supplied the entire railway junction with electricity before the war, lay in ruins. And only in 1950 it was possible to partially restore and launch it. Until that time, a steam turbine with a generator of 250 kW, delivered to the city by order of the People’s Commissariat of Railways, supplied the railroad with energy. A little later, a power train with a capacity of 1000 kW arrived at the PVRZ. The relatively preserved case of the paint shop was adapted for the assembly of steam locomotives, which made it possible to start repairing locomotives ahead of schedule.
The first steam locomotive was released after an average repair in November 1944. By the end of 1945, the number of employees of PVRZ reached 1200 people. During the year, seven operating workshops, the fitting department of the locomotive workshop, the retaining department of the wheel shop, and the steam boiler shop of the power-generating shop began to operate. Preparatory work for the installation of the steam locomotive workshop, which entered into operation in 1946, was completed. This allowed the start of overhaul of steam locomotives. In 1946, 37 steam locomotives were released from the repair, as well as the Alexander Nevsky armored train disbanded from the 25th separate battalion of armored trains [12] .
Post-war period
In 1964, VLVRZ began production of the upgraded AC1 - AC1A motor rail. In total, from 1964 to 1975, more than 2000 such machines were produced at the plant [13] . In addition, VLVRZ for a long time remained the only enterprise in the USSR that produced hopper dispensers . In 1959, the plant was awarded a diploma of VDNH of the USSR for mastering the production of such cars [14] . In the late 1980s, plant specialists designed a self-unloading gondola . The hatches of the new all-metal open wagon with a capacity of 75 tons were opened using pneumatics, and the special shape of the bottom provided complete discharge of cargo within a few seconds [15] .
In 1992, the plant repaired diesel trains, industrial and shunting diesel locomotives, hopper dispensers , wheelsets , manufactured spare parts for diesel trains of the D , D 1 , DR1 , DR1p series , TGM23 shunting locomotives . [one]
See also
- Steam engine repair plants
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Velikiye Luki Locomotive Repair Plant (inaccessible link - history , copy ) // Pskov Encyclopedia / Ed. A.I. Lobachev. - Pskov, 2003 .-- S. 126−127.
- ↑ 1 2 Velikiye Luki Locomotive Car Repair Plant // Information Portal of International Business Cooperation (www.imcn.ru) (Retrieved April 15, 2013) Archived July 14, 2014 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Resolution of the Pskov Regional Assembly of Deputies “On approval of the state list of immovable historical and cultural monuments subject to protection as monuments of local importance” No. 542 of 01.30.1998
- ↑ Types of repair and maintenance of wagons . Railway wagons. Date of treatment July 26, 2018.
- ↑ Guidance document on repair and maintenance of wheelsets with axle boxes of freight cars of the main railways 1520 (1524) mm . - Moscow: Research Institute of Railway Transport, 2012. - P. 89. - 276 p.
- ↑ 1 2 Lyubavin T. B. On the 75th anniversary of the Velikoluksky locomotive-car repair plant: illustrated edition / Ed. A.T. Novikova, P.A. Senya, A.F. Frolov and K.T. Chvalaev. - L .: Lenizdat, 1976. (inaccessible link - history , copy )
- ↑ Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR - Moscow, Kremlin. December 30, 1972. (inaccessible link - history , copy )
- ↑ Contacts // Website of the Velikoluksky locomotive-car repair plant (www.vlvrz.ellink.ru) (Retrieved April 15, 2013)
- ↑ Essay on the activities of the Main Velikolutsk workshops for 1902−1914. (with 93 images and 27 drawings). - Petrograd, 1918 .-- 588 p.
- ↑ 1 2 Velikiye Luki Locomotive Wagon Repair Plant . Pskov railways. Date of treatment July 26, 2018.
- ↑ F. Paulman. In the battles for Great Luke . Pskov railways. Date of treatment July 26, 2018.
- ↑ S. N. Reshetov and Z. P. Antonova. Reborn from the ruins . - Leningrad: Lenizdat, 1988.
- ↑ List of rolling stock AC1A . Trainpix Date of treatment July 26, 2018.
- ↑ Nikolai Kozyulin. Healer of rolling stock . Pskov railways. Date of treatment July 26, 2018.
- ↑ K. Vladimirov. Technique of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan . Beep. Date of treatment July 26, 2018.
Literature
- Locomotive depots ТЧ-33 and ТЧЭ-31 of Velikiye Luki station // Pskov Railways website (pskovrail.narod.ru) (inaccessible link - history , copy ) (Retrieved April 15, 2013)
- Ipatov V. Ya. Depot on Lovati. - Great Luke, 1995. (link unavailable - history , copy ) Retrieved April 15, 2013.
- Ipatov V. Ya. The First Century - Great Luke, 1998. (unavailable link - history , copy ) Retrieved July 3, 2014.
- Velikoluksky Locomotive Car Repair Plant // Pskov Railways website (pskovrail.narod.ru) (inaccessible link - history , copy ) Retrieved April 15, 2013.
- Senj P. A., Yurasov V. M. There is a plant in Velikiye Luki: Velikoluksky locomotive repair plant. - M. , 1991 .-- 191 p.