Porter, Michael Eugene

Michael Porter was born in 1947 in Michigan in the family of an army officer. He graduated from Princeton University , then received a master's degree in business administration and a Ph.D. from Harvard University , with each stage of study completed with honors. Since 1973 he has been working at Harvard Business School (he was the youngest professor in the history of this college). He conducted a huge research work on the study of over 100 industries in different countries.

Professional awards, prizes:

• Received McKinsey Award three times for his articles.
• George R. Terry Book (Academy of Management) Award for "Competitive Advantage as an Outstanding Contribution to Management Development."
• Adam Smith Award (National Association of Industrial Economists).
• Seven honorary doctorates.

Michael Porter is one of the leading experts in the study of the nature of competition . During his career, Porter acted as a business consultant to world-famous companies, among which, for example, AT&T , DuPont , Royal Dutch Shell and Procter & Gamble , rendered services to the boards of directors of Alpha-Beta Technologies , Parametric Technology Corp. R & B Falcon Corp and ThermoQuest Corp.

Porter also worked as a consultant to the government. He was appointed to the Presidential Commission on Industry Competitiveness by President Reagan , and was invited by Massachusetts Governor William Weld to chair the Governor's Council for Economic Growth and Technology . M. Porter has advised governments in countries such as India , New Zealand , Canada, and Portugal , and is currently the lead specialist in developing a regional strategy for presidents of Central America. In the 1990s, he advised the government of South Korea .

In 2005, the Russian Government ordered M. Porter to conduct a study to analyze the country's competitiveness . ^[1] According to the economist, the main problem of Russia is the one-sided raw material orientation and the presence of a mass of vertically integrated companies. “To become competitive, key corporations should not be built on the concept of national security . The concept of national leaders died with General Motors - no one believes in it. The heart of the economy is small mobile companies. ” ^[2]

Professor Porter acted as an innovator in revitalizing the economies of America’s old inner city. M. Porter is the founder and chairman of the non-profit organization Initiative for a Competitive Inner City (USA), which is looking for ways to accelerate the development and growth of the old central part of the city, based on business , and offers a new approach to its economic development.

Porter, as a popularizer of the concept of an economic cluster , showed that the competitiveness of a company is largely determined by the competitiveness of its economic environment, which, in turn, depends on the basic conditions (common resource) and competition within the cluster.

Porter proposed the first known typology of competitive strategies (basic competition strategies ).

Porter developed a well-known competitiveness analysis methodology to determine the company's strategy based on studies of the actions of competitors and the market as a whole, and also described the stages of growth in the competitiveness of the national economy (from the stage of “primary factors” such as cheap labor to the stage of competition based on innovation and the latter). stages - wealth-based competition).

According to Michael Porter, the more developed the competition in the domestic market of a country and the higher the requirements of customers, the greater the likelihood of success for companies from this country in international markets (and vice versa, weakening competition in the national market leads, as a rule, to the loss of competitive advantages).

Michael Porter defines sustainable competitive advantage as a combination of activities that are difficult to copy. ^[3]

He developed a model of 5 market forces, which include existing competitors, new competitors for a certain period of time, competitors who sell substitute goods or offer substitute services, suppliers and consumers.

Porter's fundamental book, The Competitive Advantage of Nations, was published in Russian under the title International Competition .

Monographs

• Interbrand Choice, Strategy, and Bilateral Market Power (Harvard Economic Studies). - Cambridge, Mass .: Harvard University Press, 1976 .-- 254 p. - ISBN 0-674-45820-6 .
• Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors. - New York: The Free Press, 1980 (2nd ed. - New York: Free Press, 1998 .-- 397 p. - ISBN 978-0-684-84148-9 ) ;

Russian per. : Competitive Strategy: Methods of Analysis of Industries and Competitors / Per. from English I. Minervina; - M.: “ Alpina Publisher ”, 2011. - 454 p. - ISBN 978-5-9614-1605-3 .

• Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. - New York: The Free Press, 1985 (2nd ed. - New York: Free Press, 1998 .-- 592 p. - ISBN 978-0-684-84146-5 ) ;

Russian per. : Competitive advantage: How to achieve a high result and ensure its stability. from English E. Kalinina. - M.: “ Alpina Publisher ”, 2008 (2nd ed. - 2008) . - 720 s. - ISBN 978-5-9614-0760-0 .

• Competitive Advantage of Nations. - New York: Free Press, 1990 (2nd. Ed. - New York: Free Press, 1998 .-- 896 p. - ISBN 978-0-684-84147-2 ) ;

Russian per. : International competition: Competitive advantages of countries. - M.: International Relations , 1993. - 896 p. - ISBN 5-7133-0413-2 .

• On Competition. - Boston: Harvard Business School, 1998;

Russian per. : Competition. - M .; SPb .; Kiev: Williams , 2nd ed. - 2006. - 608 p. - ISBN 5-8459-0794-2 .

• Can Japan Compete? - Basic Books, 2000. - 208 p. - ISBN 0-465-05989-9 ;

Russian per. : Porter M., Takeuchi H., Sakakibara M. Japanese economic model. Can Japan compete? - M.: “ Alpina Publisher ”, 2005. - 262 p. - ISBN 5-9614-0130-8 .

• Porter ME, Elizabeth Olmsted Teisberg EO Redefining Health Care: Creating Value-Based Competition on Results. - Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006 .-- 506 p. - ISBN 1-59139-778-2 .

Collections

• Porter, ME (ed.) Competition in Global Industries. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1986.

Featured Articles

• Porter ME How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy // Harvard Business Review , March / April 1979.
• Porter ME From Competitive Advantage to Corporate Strategy // Harvard Business Review , May / June 1987, pp 43-59.
• Porter ME Towards a Dynamic Theory of Strategy // Strategic Management Journal , 1991, 12 (Winter Special Issue), pp. 95-117.
• Porter ME What is Strategy // Harvard Business Review , Nov / Dec 1996.
• McGahan AM, Porter ME How Much Does Industry Matter, Really? // Strategic Management Journal , 1997, 18 (Summer Special Issue), pp. 15-30.
• Porter ME Strategy and the Internet // Harvard Business Review , March 2001, pp. 62-78.
• Porter ME, Kramer MR Strategy and Society: The Link Between Competitive Advantage and Corporate Social Responsibility // Harvard Business Review , December 2006, pp. 78-92.

• Porter's Five Forces Analysis

• Michael Porter Strategy Development Guide in Russian
• Joan Magrette. Key ideas. Michael Porter - M .: Mann, Ivanov and Ferber, 2013. - S. 272. - ISBN 978-5-91657-758-7