Loutraki [2] [3] [4] , or Loutraki ( Greek Λουτράκιον [1] , ή Λουτράκι ) is a city in Greece . Located on the Perachore Peninsula on the shores of the Gulf of Corinth of the Ionian Sea , 84 kilometers west of Athens and 4 kilometers northeast of Corinth , at the foot of the mountains of Geranium , north of the Isthmus of Corinth . The administrative center of the community of Loutrakion-Ayi Theodori in the peripheral unit of Corinthia in the periphery of the Peloponnese . The population of 11,564 is the 2011 census [1] . The oldest resort in the country, which has been known since antiquity for warm springs [5] [6] .
| City | |
| Loutraki | |
|---|---|
| Greek Λουτράκι | |
 | |
| A country |  Greece |
| Status | Community Administrative Center |
| Periphery | Peloponnese |
| Peripheral unit | Corinthia |
| Community | Loutrakion Ayi Theodori |
| History and Geography | |
| Center height | |
| Timezone | and |
| Population | |
| Population | 11 564 [1] people ( 2011 ) |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | +30 27440 |
| Postcode | |
City Name
In the area of the modern city of Loutraki there was the place of Therma ( Θερμά ) or Therma ( Θέρμαι ) [7] , known for warm sources [5] [6] . The name of the city, Loutraki, comes from the Greek. λουτρά , which means in Greek "bath" - "thermal bath".
History
In ancient times, the region was called Piraeus [8] [9] or Perea [10] ( Περαία , lat. Peiraeum [11] ) [12] . In place of Loutraki was the ancient city of Term or Terme, known for its thermal springs, considered the favorite city of the gods, and its protector was the goddess Artemis . In the area was Geryon , the sanctuary of the goddess Hera . Around 300 BC e. An underground water conduit was built from water tanks to the fountain of the 4th century BC. e. [11] , and from the fountain to the capacities of the sanctuary and the L-shaped stack [6] .
In 1847, a statement was published in Italy on the healing effects of baths using mineral water, which caused an influx of settlers to the local areas that founded the modern city.
In 1928, the city was almost completely destroyed by an earthquake. On a small rocky cape between the park and thermal springs, only a few buildings have survived. An organization was established to restore the city, as a result of which many antiseismic concrete buildings were built in accordance with the technologies of that time. A large municipal park was set up on a site cleared of debris from destroyed buildings at the foot of Grava Hill. From this time, several provincial colonial-style hotels remained and the building of the thermal springs kursalza, having a round shape with a dome, columns, decorated inside with mosaics made by artists and students of the school of fine arts. Here, visitors are poured tepid salty mineral water flowing directly from the cliff into the marble pool. The natural temperature of water is 30 ° C, and it helps with arthritis and gastrointestinal diseases. In the 1930-1950s, Loutraki had the status of a real bourgeois resort [13] .
On February 24, 1981, another major earthquake occurred in the city, but with less devastating consequences. A lot of work was done to strengthen the seismic resistance of most buildings. Currently, Loutraki is considered a city well protected from the effects of a new earthquake.
Relief
From the north and northwest, the city of Loutraki is surrounded by the mountains of Gerania .
Water Properties
Loutraki is practically inferior to the famous sources of Vichy in terms of chemical composition and water impact. There is a lot of magnesium and sodium in the water, but it tastes good, and you can drink it right from the tap. Water diet and physiotherapy are used to treat pathologies of the cardiovascular, nervous systems and gastrointestinal tract, liver failure, as well as skin, gynecological and joint diseases.
Transport Infrastructure
South of Loutraki, in 1999-2006 the Olympia highway , which leads from Athens to Patras and is part of the European route E94 .
There is a bus service between Loutraki and Athens (81 km) Loutraki and Corinth (7 km). Numerous sightseeing buses leave from Loutraki to Corinth, Sikion (36 km), Mykonos (50 km), Argos (69 km), Nafplion (67 km), Epidaurus (70 km), Olympia (235 km), Mistra (149 km ), Acropolis of Athens (84 km) and Delphi (207 km) [14] .
Attractions
On Mount Gerania , one kilometer north-west of the city, at an altitude of 518 meters above sea level, the Monastery of St. Patapius is located, from whose territory an amazing view of the city and its surroundings opens.
In the area of thermal springs is the church of St. Andrew, built in 1345.
5 kilometers from the city is the Corinth Canal , connecting the Aegean and Ionian Seas and separating Attica and the Peloponnese [15] .
At a distance of 14 km to the west is Lake Vouliagmeni.
Vouliagmeni Lake
Lake Vouliagmeni - a picturesque salty lake- lagoon , located 16 kilometers northwest of Loutraki. The lake has a maximum length of 2 kilometers and a maximum width of about 1 kilometer and communicates with a narrow strait 6-8 meters wide with the Corinthian Gulf of the Ionian Sea . The depth of the lake does not exceed 40 meters. The lake has a small influx and outflow of water due to the tide. The lake has a sandy beach, unlike Loutraki beach.
In the immediate vicinity of the lake, archaeological excavations of Geryon (the sanctuary of the goddess Hera ) and the village of Perakhora are underway.
In ancient times, it was called Eshothotis ( Εσχατιώτις ), as well as Gorgopis ( Γοργωπίς ), a name derived from Gorga ( Greek Γόργη ), daughter of Megareus , who drowned in the lake. Near the narrow channel of the lake there were traces of human settlements of the early Hellenic period, an example of the fact that this area was inhabited from the 3rd millennium BC. e. [sixteen]
Loutraki Beach
Loutraki Beach is 3.5 km long. The beach begins at the Corinth Canal and ends with the seaside park Loutraki. The beach is covered with small pebbles and has a rapidly deepening entry into the sea. Many beach cafes offer sunbeds and umbrellas to bathers at no extra charge. The municipality, taking care of safe swimming, ensures the presence of lifeguards on the beach in the daytime. On the beach there are showers with fresh water for swimmers, the beach provides for visits by people with mobility problems. The orientation of the beach is western, which allows visitors to watch sunsets over the coastline of the Gulf of Corinth between Corinth, on the one hand, and Cape Geran, on the other.
Museums and public buildings
Loutraki is well known for its casino located in the city (Club Hotel Casino Loutraki), which is one of the largest in Europe [17] . The city has schools, lyceums, a gymnasium, churches, banks, many hotels and health-improving institutions.
Loutrakion-Perachora Community
Community of Loutraki ( Κοινότητα Λουτρακίου ) was created in 1912 ( ΦΕΚ 262Α ), in 1928 it was renamed to Loutraki- Perachora ( Κοινότητα Λουτρακίου-Περαχώρας ) The community of Loutraki-Perachora includes 11 settlements, the monastery of St. John ( Μονή Αγίου Ιωάννου ), the monastery of St. Patapius ( Μονή Οσίου Παταπίου ) and the island of Alkionides . The population of 13,353 is the 2011 census. [1] An area of 120.821 square kilometers [19] .
| Locality | Population (2011) [1] , people |
|---|---|
| Alkion | ten |
| Alkionides (islands) | 0 |
| Asprokambos | 2 |
| Efira-Istmu | 358 |
| Irini | 96 |
| Kalithea | 48 |
| Limni Vouliagmenis | 62 |
| Loutraki | 11 564 |
| Monastery of St. John | 0 |
| Monastery of St. Patapius | 41 |
| Perachora | 1141 |
| Skaloma | 7 |
| Skalosya | one |
| Stern | 23 |
Population
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1991 | 8876 [20] |
| 2001 | 10 673 [20] |
| 2011 | ↗ 11 564 [1] |
Natives
- Pantelis Laskas (1915-1948) - partisan commander of the People's Liberation Army of Greece and the Democratic Army of Greece during the Second World War and the Civil War in Greece.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Πίνακας αποτελεσμάτων Μόνιμου Πληθυσμού-Απογραφής 2011 (Greek) . Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή (20 Μαρτίου 2014). Date of treatment October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Greece: Reference card: Scale 1: 1,000,000 / hl ed. Y. A. Topchiyan ; Ed .: G. A. Skachkova , N. N. Ryumin . - M .: Roskartografiya, Omsk Cartographic Factory , 2001. - (The countries of the world "Europe"). - 2000 copies.
- ↑ Balkan countries, south // Atlas of the world / comp. and preparation. to the ed. PKO "Cartography" in 1999; open Ed .: T.G. Novikova , T.M. Vorobyova . - 3rd ed., Eras., Fr. in 2002 with diaposes. 1999 - M .: Roskartografiya, 2002. - S. 104-105. - ISBN 5-85120-055-3 .
- ↑ Loutraki / / Dictionary of geographical names of foreign countries / ed. ed. A.M. Komkov . - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Nedra , 1986.- S. 206.
- ↑ 1 2 Xenophon . Greek history. IV. 5.3
- ↑ 1 2 3 The History Of Loutraki (inaccessible link) . Loutraki city guide. Date of treatment November 28, 2017. Archived December 12, 2003.
- ↑ Thermae // The Real Dictionary of Classical Antiquities / ed. F. Lubker ; Edited by members of the Society of Classical Philology and Pedagogy F. Gelbke , L. Georgievsky , F. Zelinsky , V. Kansky , M. Kutorgi and P. Nikitin . - SPb. , 1885.
- ↑ Paltseva, 1999 , p. 230.
- ↑ Plutarch . Greek questions. 17
- ↑ Peraea // The Real Dictionary of Classical Antiquities / ed. F. Lubker ; Edited by members of the Society of Classical Philology and Pedagogy F. Gelbke , L. Georgievsky , F. Zelinsky , V. Kansky , M. Kutorgi and P. Nikitin . - SPb. , 1885.
- ↑ 1 2 Perachora (Peiraeum or Peraea) Corinthia, Greece // The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites / Stillwell, Richard. MacDonald, William L. McAlister, Marian Holland. - Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1976.
- ↑ The land of Peraea (inaccessible link) . Loutraki city guide. Date of treatment November 25, 2017. Archived November 21, 2003.
- ↑ Greece, 2012 , p. 107.
- ↑ 2500 years of History & Culture (inaccessible link) . Loutraki city guide. Date of treatment November 28, 2017. Archived November 21, 2003.
- ↑ Cities of Greece: Loutraki
- ↑ Excursion to Perachora, Loutraki (Greek) (inaccessible link) . Archived on June 27, 2011.
- ↑ The first casino in Greece was opened in Loutraki, which opened in 1930. The current casino has been operating since 1995.
- ↑ Διοικητικές μεταβολές δήμων και κοινοτήτων. Κ. Λουτρακίου (Αργολίδος και Κορινθίας) (Greek) . ΕΕΤΑΑ. Date of appeal October 25, 2018.
- ↑ Απογραφή πληθυσμού - κατοικιών της 18ης μαρτίου 2001 (μόνιμος πληθυσμός) (Greek) . - Πειραιάς: Εθνική στατιστική υπηρεσία της Ελλάδας , 2009. - Τ. I. - Σ. 362 . - ISSN 1106-5761 .
- ↑ 1 2 Μόνιμος και Πραγματικός Πληθυσμός της Ελλάδος. Σύνολο Ελλάδος, νομοί, δήμοι / κοινότητες, δημοτικα / κοινοτικά διαμερίσμα και οικισμοί. Απογραφές πληθυσμού 2001 και 1991 (Greek) (unavailable link) . Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή . Date of treatment June 22, 2017. Archived July 16, 2006.
Literature
- Paltseva, L.A. Chapter IV. Archaic Megars. § 1. Relations with Corinth // From the history of archaic Greece: Megars and Megarian colonies. - SPb. : Publishing House of St. Petersburg University, 1999. - S. 230—239. - ISBN 5-288-01800-6 .
- Greece. - Moscow: Publishing House "Around the World", 2012. - S. 107-110. - 340 p. - ISBN 978-5-98652-419-1 .