Periodontal disease (from other Greek. Παρα - near, near and ὀδούς , genus ὀδόντος - tooth ) is an outdated term meaning a deep lesion of the teeth ( periodontal ) - periodontitis with an aggressive course. In the ICD-10, there is only “juvenile (juvenile) periodontal disease”.
| Periodontal disease ( English Periodontosis, Chronic periodontitis ) | |
|---|---|
| ICD-10 | K 05.4 , K 05.3 |
| ICD-10-KM | |
| ICD-9-KM | |
| Diseasesdb | 29362 |
Content
Terminology
Common
spelling mistake
Among the names of diseases, the spelling “periodontosis” is often found instead of periodontal disease (the word comes from the root odont ). The frequency of Internet requests reaches 1: 2. According to the classification of the World Health Organization ( WHO ), only "periodontal disease" is used, so the use of other terms is undesirable.
A common mistake is to use the term periodontitis instead of the term periodontitis . Juvenile periodontitis is extremely rare (0.1–5.9%) ( http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/prd.12019/full ). Clinical symptoms that are attributed to "periodontal disease" (the appearance of gingival pockets, pus from the gingival pockets, tooth mobility) are classic manifestations of aggressive periodontitis . Periodontitis is characterized by good fixation of the teeth, a small amount of dental deposits, exposure of the necks of the teeth without gingival pockets and pus.
Pathogenesis
The disease is manifested by progressive atrophy of the tooth cells of the alveolar processes . X-ray examination allows you to identify sclerotic changes in bone tissue (reduction of bone marrow spaces, fine-meshed bone pattern). Atrophic processes in this tissue lead to a uniform decrease in the height of the interdental septa with persistent cortical plates. An X-ray examination determines a decrease in the bone tissue of the interdental septa, foci of osteoporosis, and the bone pattern is finely meshed and sclerotized.
Etiology
Aggressive periodontitis is caused, first of all, by inadequate hygiene. It is possible that genetic factors play a role in the development of the disease. The disease is aggravated by systemic diseases, diabetes mellitus and other endocrine pathologies and chronic diseases.
Clinic
See periodontitis.
Treatment
In 1982, Professor T. V. Nikitina, head of the Central Research Institute of Dentistry at the USSR Ministry of Health, stated that "the complete curability ... of the inflammatory-dystrophic process that occurred in the periodontium can only be talked about in relation to the very initial, premorbid stages that have a weak clinical expression," but it is possible to stabilize the development of the pathological process [3] .
Medication
Surgical Treatment
In the treatment of periodontal disease, an unconditional priority belongs to surgical methods. Various techniques of directed tissue regeneration and materials — membranes, planting materials — are used. Cell cultures are used that selectively increase the activity of regenerative processes - fibroblasts , platelet growth factor , stem cells .
Together with osteoplastic materials and membrane technology, the listed factors of connective tissue cell growth can significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment.
Prevention
An important role in the prevention of periodontitis is played by oral hygiene (the use of toothpastes , gels, rinses ; the use of a toothbrush with soft bristles that do not injure the gums and do not cause gum recession).
See also
- Periodontitis
Notes
- ↑ Disease Ontology release 2019-05-13 - 2019-05-13 - 2019.
- ↑ Monarch Disease Ontology release 2018-06-29sonu - 2018-06-29 - 2018.
- ↑ Nikitina T.V. Parodontosis. - M .: Medicine, 1982. - S. 186-190. - 256 s. - (Library of the practitioner, the most important issues of dentistry). - 80,000 copies.
Literature
- Therapeutic dentistry, E. V. Borovsky and others, Moscow., 1998;
- Nikitina T.V. Parodontosis. - M .: Medicine, 1982. - S. 186-190. - 256 s. - (Library of the practitioner, the most important issues of dentistry). - 80,000 copies.