BibTeX

When preparing a document in LaTeX , the BibTeX system provides the following advantages compared with the standard LaTeX environment, thebibliography :

• References are automatically generated for all \cite links mentioned in the text;
• You can use a single bibliographic database (bib-file) in all your texts, in all works of the department, and so on;
• easily share bibliographic databases with colleagues;
• There is no need to remember the rules of bibliography, as BibTeX does this work automatically using style bst files.

To call BibTeX, it is enough to replace the thebibliography environment thebibliography commands

  \ bibliographystyle { stylefile } % bst file that defines the style of the bibliography
 \ bibliography { bibfile } % name of the bib file containing the bibliographic database

eg,

  \ bibliographystyle { gost780s } % GOST 7.80
 \ bibliography { MachLearn } % MachLearn.bib

You can use several bibliographic databases at the same time (then their names are comma-separated).

Texts that use BibTeX must be processed 4 times: the first pass of LaTeX (creating an aux file with reference requests), then BibTeX (creating a bbl file with a bibliography ready for insertion into the LaTeX file), and two more passes of LaTeX (insert bibliography and updating reference numbers).

In TeX Live and MiKTeX, there is a Perl latexmk script that performs all the necessary calls automatically. MiKTeX also has a utility called texify, which also performs all the necessary calls automatically.

BibTeX uses special text format bib files to store lists of bibliographic records. Each entry describes exactly one publication — an article, a book, a thesis, etc.

Bib files can be used to store bibliographic databases. Many programs that work with bibliographies (such as JabRef ) and online citation services ( ADS [1] , CiteULike ) can export links to bib format.

Each entry looks like this:

  @ARTICLE { tag ,
   author = {List of authors} ,
   title = {Article title} ,
   year = {year} ,
   journal = {Journal Name}
 }

Here ARTICLE is a record type (“article”), tag is a record identifier tag (which allows you to refer to the text using \cite{tag} ), then a list of fields with values.

Record Types

Each entry must be of a specific type that describes the type of publication. The following types are standard and are processed by almost all BibTeX styles (the names are arranged alphabetically and contain lists of fields, see the possible fields below ):

article

Article from the magazine.
Required fields: author, title, journal, year
Additional fields: volume, number, pages, month, note, key

book

A specific edition of the book.
Required fields: author / editor, title, publisher, year
Additional fields: volume, series, address, edition, month, note, key, pages

booklet

A printed work that does not contain the name of the publisher or organizer (for example, samizdat ).
Required fields: title
Additional fields: author, howpublished, address, month, year, note, key

conference

Synonym for inproceedings , left for compatibility with Scribe .
Required fields: author, title, booktitle, year
Additional fields: editor, pages, organization, publisher, address, month, note, key

inbook

Part of the book, possibly without a title. It may be a chapter (part, paragraph), or a range of pages.
Required fields: author / editor, title, chapter / pages, publisher, year
Additional fields: volume, series, address, edition, month, note, key

incollection

Part of the book that has its own name (for example, an article in the collection)
Required fields: author, title, booktitle, year
Additional fields: editor, pages, organization, publisher, address, month, note, key

inproceedings

Thesis (work) of the conference.
Required fields: author, title, booktitle, year
Additional fields: editor, series, pages, organization, publisher, address, month, note, key

manual

Technical documentation.
Required fields: title
Additional fields: author, organization, address, edition, month, year, note, key

mastersthesis

Master's thesis .
Required fields: author, title, school, year
Additional fields: address, month, note, key

misc

Use if other types are not suitable.
Required fields: none
Additional fields: author, title, howpublished, month, year, note, key

phdthesis

PhD thesis.
Required fields: author, title, school, year
Additional fields: address, month, note, key

proceedings

Collection of works (theses) of the conference.
Required fields: title, year
Additional fields: editor, publisher, organization, address, month, note, key

techreport

A report published by the organization, usually numbered within the series.
Required fields: author, title, institution, year
Additional fields: type, number, address, month, note, key

unpublished

A document that has an author and a title, but not formally published (manuscript).
Required fields: author, title, note
Additional fields: month, year, key

Record Fields

Each entry contains a list of standard fields (you can enter any other fields that are simply ignored by standard programs):

• address : Publisher's address (usually just a city, but may be a complete address for lesser-known publishers)
• annote (in JabRef - abstract ): Abstract for bibliographic record.
• author : Authors names (if more than one, then separated by and )
• booktitle : The name of the book containing this work.
• chapter : chapter number
• crossref : Cross-reference key (allows using another biblio record as a name, for example, a collection of papers)
• edition : Edition (full line, for example, "1st, stereotypical")
• editor : Names of editors (design is similar to the authors)
• eprint : a technical report
• howpublished : method of publication, if non-standard
• institution : The institution involved in the publication is not necessarily the publisher
• journal : The name of the journal containing the article.
• key : A hidden key field defining the sorting order (if “author” and “editor” are not specified).
• month : Month of publication (may contain a date). If not published - create.
• note : Any notes
• number : Journal number
• organization : Conference Organizer
• pages : Page numbers separated by commas or double hyphen. For a book - the total number of pages.
• publisher : Publisher
• school : Institute where the dissertation was defended.
• series : The series in which the book was published.
• title : Job title
• type : Report type, for example, "Explorer Notes"
• url : www address
• volume : The volume of a journal or book.
• year : Publication year (if not published - creation)

Additionally, each entry contains a key field that serves as a quote or cross-reference to the entry. This field must be unique (within the scope of the work in use) and non-empty. This field has no name, is not part of other fields and is the first in order.

BibTeX uses bst files to describe how bib records are converted to text on LaTeX 'e. Each bst file is a program in a simple stack-based programming language resembling Forth or PostScript . There are programs that allow you to generate .bst files automatically (for example, custom-bib or Bib-it).

Usually BibTeX generates output in TeX or LaTeX format, but there are also style files for generating HTML format.

Many journals or publishers that accept publications in the LaTeX format also provide bibliographic styles for authors. This ensures that the bibliography style will also meet the publisher’s requirements with minimal effort.

Full language support is built into modern versions of LaTeX and BibTeX. However, BibTeX does not support ^[1] bib files encoded in UTF-8 and other Unicode variants, which is the only cross-platform method for encoding text in languages ​​other than English. The reason is that the active development of BibTeX was discontinued in 1988, before the advent of Unicode (version 0.99c was released in 1988, the current version 0.99d, which contained minor changes, in 2010). ^{[2] The} user of pure BibTeX is forced to use 8-bit bib file encodings (although tex files can be in Unicode). Despite this, the experience of using BibTeX in the Linux operating system (Ubuntu 10.04) shows the correct operation of BibTeX with Russian characters in UTF-8 encoding.

BibTeX replacements are CrossTeX and Biber. ^[3]

CrossTeX is not available ^[4] on the main Tex Live and MiKTeX free distributions and does not yet have ^[5] full Unicode support.

Biber is available ^[6] in Tex Live and MiKTeX and has ^[7] full support for UTF-8 (Unicode version 6.0). Biber can only work in conjunction with BibLaTeX. ^[8] BibLaTeX was developed as an add-on to BibTeX and can work with both BibTeX and Biber; Biber replaces BibTeX.

Currently, CTAN calls ^{[9] to} use BibLaTeX + Biber (or at least BibLaTeX + BibTeX) instead of pure BibTeX.

.bib file may contain the following entry, which describes a math book:

  @Book { Korn ,
  author = {Korn, G. A. and Korn, T. M.} ,
  title = {Handbook of Mathematics for Scientists and Engineers} ,
  publisher = {"Science"} ,
  year = 1974
  address = Moscow,
  lang = ru
 }

If the document refers to this book, bibliographic information can be framed in several ways depending on the chosen design standard ( APA , MLA , Chicago , etc.). The way LaTeX formats the link depends on the way the \cite command is invoked and the selected LaTeX document style. If the \cite{Korn} command is called inside the document, then the bibtex program includes the book in the literature list for the document and generates the appropriate LaTeX formatting code. In the final form, the link may look like this:

Korn, G. A., Korn, TM A Handbook of Mathematics for Scientists and Engineers . - M .: " Science ", 1974.

Depending on the style file, BibTeX can rearrange the names and surnames of the authors, change the register of names, omit some fields from the .bib file, make the text italic, add punctuation, etc. Since one style file is used for the entire list of references, then all bibliographic references are made uniformly with minimal effort by authors and editors.

Author List Format

Last name prefixes such as von, van and der are automatically processed if they begin with a lowercase letter to distinguish them from last names. Surnames of several words are separated from names and patronymic names (or middle names ) by the fact that they appear first, and then, separated by commas, names and patronymic names are written. Name suffixes like Wed. or ml. or III is usually processed using a second comma delimiter, as in the example:

  @Book { hicks2001 ,
  author = "von Hicks, III, Michael" ,
  title = "Design of a Carbon Fiber Composite Grid Structure for the GLAST
 Spacecraft Using a Novel Manufacturing Technique " ,
  publisher = "Stanford Press" ,
  year = 2001 ,
  address = "Palo Alto" ,
  edition = "1st," ,
  isbn = "0-69-697269-4"
 }

Instead of using a comma to separate the name suffix from the last name, you can select the entire name with curly braces: {Hicks III}.

Authors should be separated by the word and , and not by commas or “and”:

  @Book { Torre2008 ,
  author = "Joe Torre and Tom Verducci" ,
  publisher = "Doubleday" ,
  title = "The Yankee Years" ,
  year = 2008 ,
  isbn = "0385527403"
 }

Cross References

BibTeX allows you to refer to other publications using the crossref field. In the following example, the thesis refers to a collection of theses.

  @INPROCEEDINGS { author: 06 ,
  title = {Title of the report} ,
  author = {First Author and Second Author} ,
  crossref = {conference: 06} ,
  pages = {330—331} ,
 }
 @PROCEEDINGS { conference: 06 ,
  editor = {First Editor and Second Editor} ,
  title = {Proceedings of the Xth Conference on XYZ} ,
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Xth Conference on XYZ} ,
  year = {2006} ,
  month = {October} ,
 }

At the same time, booktitle should be added to the record of the collection, in order to avoid the BibTeX warning “empty booktitle”.

The output from LaTeX of this example might look something like this:

Author, First and Author, Second (October 2006), Title of the paper, in: Proceedings of the Xth Conference on XYZ, pp 330-331.

• Biber
• Bibliographic Information Management Systems

• bibtex.org - the official website of BibTeX (English)
• Oren Patashnik, Desigining BibTeX Styles (eng.)
• Tame the Beast: The B to X of BibTeX (inaccessible link) (English)
• Samples of bibliography styles
• BibTeX article on MachineLearning
• Registration in accordance with GOST ( GOST 7.80-2000 , GOST 7.1—2003 , GOST_P_7.0.5—2008 )
  • Standard styles according to GOST (GOST 7.1 1984 and GOST 7.80 2000).
  • BibTeX style files according to GOST 7.82 2001 and GOST 7.1 2003 with application examples .
  • Gost780.pdf - demonstration of bibliography in accordance with GOST 7.80-2000 using BibTeX using the gost780s.bst and gost780u.bst bibliographic styles.
  • UTF-8 style versions for GOST .
• About GOST styles
• BiBTeX PHP Plugin for DokuWiki