The Province of Brabant ( Niderl. Hertogdom Brabant , Fr. Duché de Brabant ) is a historical region in the Historical Netherlands . The duchy included the territory of three modern Belgian provinces ( Flemish Brabant , Walloon Brabant , Antwerp ), the modern Brussels-Capital Region , and the Dutch province of North Brabant .
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History
At the time of ancient Rome, Brabant was located in the Roman provinces of Belgica and Lower Germany , inhabited by the Celts , who were later ousted by the Germanic tribes , which put an end to imperial power . The most important cities in the region were Brussels , Antwerp , Leuven , Breda , 's-Hertogenbosch , Lear and Mechelen . For the first time the name of the region is mentioned in the times of the Merovingians as pagus Bracbatensis (from bracha - new, bant - region). [1] The Brabant was the region between the Scheldt and Dale rivers.
Later, the territory of Brabant entered the kingdom of Lorraine , thus becoming an integral part of the Holy Roman Empire .
The Emperor Frederick I of Barbarossa created the duchy of Brabant in 1183–1184, singling it out as a feud to his vassal of Henry I of Brabant . Originally, the duchy was a tiny piece of land between the Senna and Dander rivers west of present-day Brussels , but later, starting from the 13th century , this name was applied to the entire territory of Brabant.
In 1288, after the battle of Worringen, the duke of Brabant annexed the county of Limburg and the upper Meuse to his possessions. In 1356, the Freedom Charter was granted to the inhabitants of Brabant. In 1430, the duchy of Brabant was inherited by Philip III the Good and became part of Burgundy . [2]
In 1477, the titles of the dukes of Brabant passed to the Hapsburgs after the marriage of Mary of Burgundy and Maximilian I. The further history of the duchy of Brabant is inextricably linked with the history of the Seventeen Provinces .
The eighty- year war (1568–1648) divided the duchy: in the Peace of Westphalia, the northern provinces were ceded to the independent Netherlands. The southern part remained a duchy as part of the Hapsburg Southern Netherlands .
In 1795, during the French occupation, the duchy of Brabant was abolished.
See also
- List of the dukes of Brabant
- County Louvain
- Dahlem County
- Brabancons
Literature
- Brabant // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Notes
- ↑ History of Flanders (eng.)
- ↑ Brabant // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 t. (82 t. And 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.