Trichogrammatids

	Trichogrammatids
	Play media file; Trichogramma and Pieris brassicae
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryotes
Kingdom:	Animals
Kingdom :	Eumetazoi
No rank :	Bilateral symmetrical
No rank :	Primary
No rank :	Molting
No rank :	Panarthropoda
Type of:	Arthropods
Subtype :	Tracheo-breathing
Overclass :	Six-legged
Grade:	Insects
Subclass :	Winged insects
Infraclass :	Winged insects
Treasure :	Fully Transformed Insects
Squadron :	Hymenopterida
Squad:	Hymenoptera
Suborder :	Belly-bellied
Superfamily :	Chalcides
Family:	Trichogrammatids
International scientific name
	Trichogrammatidae ; Haliday et Walker , 1851

Trichogrammatids ^[1] ^[2] ( lat. Trichogrammatidae) - a family of parasitic riders of the superfamily Chalcidoidea of the suborder Cepalaceous order Hymenoptera . The sizes are microscopic, most species are less than 1 mm (0.3-1.2 mm). Wings with heavily reduced venation.

Content

1 Biology
2 Genetics
3 Classification
4 notes
5 Literature
6 References

Biology

Lepidoptera , Lepidoptera , and other parasites. Some species can parasitize on aquatic insects. Among them, 2 species of Trichogrammatidae were found in Europe: Prestwichia aquatica Lubb. (parasitic on bugs and bugs) and P. solitaria Rusch. (parasitize on bugs and dragonflies). They are fully adapted to life in water and die without it in the open air. Some are able to swim underwater with their feet ( Prestwichia Lubb.) ^[3] .

Genetics

Haploid set of chromosomes n = 5 ^[4] .

Classification

83 genera and 833 species (Noyes, 2001). In 2015, 4 fossil species were described from Eocene Baltic amber : Mirufens illusionis , Palaeogramma eos , Pterandrophysalis plasmans and Szelenyia terebrae ^[5] .

Aphelinoidea Girault 1911 (34 species)
Apseudogramma Girault 1915
Asynacta Förster 1856
Australufens Girault 1935
Bloodiella Novicky 1935
Brachista walker 1851
Brachistagrapha De Santis 1997
Brachygrammatella Girault 1915
Brachyia Strand 1928
Brachyufens Viggiani 1968
Chaetogramma Doutt 1975
Chaetostricha walker 1851
Chaetostrichella Girault 1914
Densufens Lin 1994
Doirania Waterston 1928
Emeria Skalski 1988
Enneagmus Yoshimoto 1975
Epoligosita Girault 1916
Epoligositina Livingstone & Yacoob 1983
Eteroligosita Viggiani 1976
Eutrichogramma Lin 1981
Gnorimogramma De Santis 1972
Haeckeliania Girault 1912
Hayatia Viggiani 1982
Hispidophila Viggiani 1968
Hydrophylita Ghesquière 1946
Ittys Girault 1911
Ittysella Pinto & Viggiani 1988
Japania Girault 1911
Lathrogramma De Santis 1952
Lathromeris Förster 1856 (22 species)
Lathromeroidea Girault 1912
Lathromeromyia Girault 1914
Megaphragma Timberlake 1924
Microcaetiscus Ghesquière 1946
Mirufens Girault 1915
Monorthochaeta Blood 1923
Neobrachista Girault 1912
Neobrachistella Girault 1912
Neocentrobia Girault 1912
Neocentrobiella Girault 1915
Neolathromera Ishii 1934
Oligosita Walker 1851 (141 views)
Oligositoides Doutt 1968
Ophioneurus Ratzeburg 1852
Paracentrobia Howard 1897 (42 species)
Parahispidophila Yousuf & Shafee 1988
Paraittys Viggiani 1972
Paratrichogramma Girault 1912
Paruscanoidea Girault 1915
Pintoa Viggiani 1988
Poropoea Förster 1851
Prestwichia Lubbock 1864
Probrachista Viggiani 1968
Prochaetostricha Lin 1981
Prosoligosita Hayat & Husain 1981
Pseudobrachysticha Girault 1915
Pseudogrammina Ghesquière 1946
Pseudomirufens Lou 1998
Pseudoxenufens Yoshimoto 1976
Pterandrophysalis Novicky 1935
Pterygogramma Perkins 1906 (12 species)
Soikiella Novicky 1934
Szelenyia Novicky 1940
Thoreauia Girault 1916
Trichogramma Westwood 1833 (195 species)
Trichogrammatella Girault 1911
Trichogrammatoidea Girault 1911 (24 species)
Trichogrammatomyia Girault 1916
Tumidiclava Girault 1911 (18 species)
Tumidifemur Girault 1911
Ufens Girault 1911 (30 species)
Ufensia Girault 1913
Urogramma Girault 1920
Uscana Girault 1911 (26 species)
Uscanella Girault 1911
Uscanoidea Girault 1911
Uscanopsis Girault 1916
Xenufens Girault 1915
Xenufensia Girault 1938
Xiphogramma Novicky 1940
Zagella Girault 1918 (8 species)
Zelogramma Noyes & Valentine 1989

Notes

↑ An annotated list of rare and endangered species of invertebrate animals, especially protected within Russia // 2003 * Russia * Red list of specially protected rare and endangered animals and plants. (2nd edition). Part 2. Invertebrate animals (Red Book Bulletin, 2/2004 (2008)) / rev. ed. V.E. Prisyazhnyuk. - M .: Laboratory of the Red Book of the All-Russian Research Institute of Nature Conservation , 2004 (2008). - S. 283. - 512 p. - ISBN 978-5-9243-0158-7 Full text
↑ Annotated catalog of insects in the Russian Far East. Volume I. Hymenoptera. / Lelei A.S. (Ch. Ed.) And others - Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 2012 .-- 635 p. - 300 copies. - ISBN 978-5-8044-1295-2 .
↑ Victor Fursov. A review of European Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) parasitizing the eggs of aquatic insects. Archived on April 8, 2008. Bulletin of Irish Biogeographical Society, 1995, vol. 18 p. 2-12.
↑ Gokhman Vladimir E. (2000). Karyology of parasitic Hymenoptera: current state. // Hymenoptera: evolution, biodiversity and biological control (Andrew D. Austin, Mark Dowton). Csiro Publishing, 2000 .-- pp. 1-468 (198-206).
↑ Roger A. Burks, John M. Heraty, John D. Pinto and David Grimaldi . Small but not ephemeral: newly discovered species of Aphelinidae and Trichogrammatidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Eocene amber (Eng.) // Systematic Entomology : Journal. - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and Royal Entomological Society of London , 2015. - Vol. 40, no. 3 . - P. 592-605. - ISSN 0307-6970 .

Literature

Nikolskaya M.N. Chalcides of the fauna of the USSR (Chalcidoidea). M.; L.: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1952. Issue. 44.576 s. In the nadzag: Keys to the fauna of the USSR, ed. Zool. Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

Links

[1] An annotated list of rare and endangered species of invertebrate animals, especially protected within Russia // 2003 * Russia * Red list of specially protected rare and endangered animals and plants. (2nd edition). Part 2. Invertebrate animals (Red Book Bulletin, 2/2004 (2008)) / rev. ed. V.E. Prisyazhnyuk. - M .: Laboratory of the Red Book of the All-Russian Research Institute of Nature Conservation , 2004 (2008). - S. 283. - 512 p. - ISBN 978-5-9243-0158-7 Full text

[katalog-2] Annotated catalog of insects in the Russian Far East. Volume I. Hymenoptera. / Lelei A.S. (Ch. Ed.) And others - Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 2012 .-- 635 p. - 300 copies. - ISBN 978-5-8044-1295-2 .

[3] Victor Fursov. A review of European Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) parasitizing the eggs of aquatic insects. Archived on April 8, 2008. Bulletin of Irish Biogeographical Society, 1995, vol. 18 p. 2-12.

[Karyology-4] Gokhman Vladimir E. (2000). Karyology of parasitic Hymenoptera: current state. // Hymenoptera: evolution, biodiversity and biological control (Andrew D. Austin, Mark Dowton). Csiro Publishing, 2000 .-- pp. 1-468 (198-206).

[Burks2015-5] Roger A. Burks, John M. Heraty, John D. Pinto and David Grimaldi . Small but not ephemeral: newly discovered species of Aphelinidae and Trichogrammatidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Eocene amber (Eng.) // Systematic Entomology : Journal. - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and Royal Entomological Society of London , 2015. - Vol. 40, no. 3 . - P. 592-605. - ISSN 0307-6970 .