Huichol is a Native American language belonging to the Uto-Astek family . Distributed among the Huichol people (self-name Wixarika ), who lives in the north of the Sierras in the Mexican states of Nayarit , Zacatecas and Jalisco .
| Huichol | |
|---|---|
| Self name | Vixaritari Vaniuqui, Vizaritari Vaniuki |
| Countries | Mexico |
| Regions | Nayyarit , Zacatecas and Jalisco |
| Regulatory organization | en: Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas (INALI) |
| Total number of speakers | 47.6 thousand people (2011) [1] |
| Status | dysfunctional |
| Classification | |
| Category | Languages of Eurasia / Languages of Africa , etc. |
Uto-Astek languages
| |
| Writing | latin |
| Language Codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | - |
| ISO 639-2 | - |
| ISO 639-3 | hch |
| WALS | |
| Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
| Ethnologue | |
| ELCat | |
| IETF | |
| Glottolog | |
Huichol possesses many features characteristic of the Mesoamerican language union . According to the Law on Language Rights, it is recognized as the "national language" along with 62 other indigenous languages of Mexico and Spanish, which are formally "equivalent" in Mexico [2] .
Huichol broadcasting is provided by the XEJMN-AM radio station in Jesús María, Nayarit, owned by the National Commission for the Development of Indigenous Peoples of Mexico, CDI ( en: National Commission for the Development of Indigenous Peoples ).
Huichol is a tonal language. It distinguishes between high and low tones, while there is no obvious stress, stress is determined by the tone and structure of the syllable [3] .
Writing is based on the Latin alphabet: a, e, h, i, k, kw, ʔ, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u, w, y, z [4] .
Content
- 1 Phonology
- 1.1 Vowels
- 1.2 Consonants
- 2 notes
- 3 Literature
- 4 References
Phonology
Vowels
There are 6 vowels: i, e, a, o, u, ɨ.
Consonants
| Bilabial | Coronal | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Labiobel | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Occlusive | p | t | k | kʷ | ʔ | ||
| Affricates | c | ||||||
| Fricatives | s | x * | h | ||||
| Approximants | r, x * | y | w | ||||
| Nasal | m | n |
Notes
- ↑ Ethnologue
- ↑ http://basica.sep.gob.mx/dgei/pdf/normateca/LeyGeneraldeDerechosLinguisticosdelosPueblosIndigenas2003.pdf
- ↑ Suaréz, Jorge, The Mesoamerican Indian Languages, Cambridge, CUP, 1983, pp. 32 and 51
- ↑ Alfabeto huichol, 1947
Literature
- Lyle Campbell, 1997. American Indian Languages: The Historical Linguistics of Native America. Oxford University Press.
- Joseph E. Grimes, 1959. Huichol Tone and Intonation, International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 25, No. 4. (Oct., 1959), pp. 221-232.
- McIntosh, John B. 1945. “Huichol phonemes.” International Journal of American Linguistics 11: 31-35.
- José Luis Iturrioz Leza y Julio Ramírez de la Cruz, et al., 2001, Gramática Didáctica del Huichol: Vol. I. Estructura Fonológica y Sistema de Escritura, Departamento de Estudios en Lenguas Indígenas-Universidad de Guadalajara - Secretaria de Educación Pública, Vol. one.