The head of state of Niger , according to the current constitution of the country (seventh republic), is the president, who is elected for a five-year term by the people according to a system of two rounds. Until independence in 1960, executive power belonged to the High Commissioner in Dakar , and until autonomy in 1958, to the Lieutenant Governor of Niger [1] . The first president was Prime Minister Amani Diori [2] , elected by the Niger National Assembly. The list includes dictators and leaders of military juntas, who came to power during the four military coups, and in fact acting as head of state.
| Niger President | |
|---|---|
| fr. Le Président de la République du Niger | |
 Coat of arms of Niger | |
 Position takes Mahamadu Issufu since April 7, 2011 | |
| Leads | Niger |
| Term of office | 5 years |
| Post has appeared | in 1960 |
| First in office | Amani Diori |
| Site | presidence.ne |
Election Procedure
According to the current constitution of Niger (Seventh Republic), “The President of the Republic is elected on the basis of universal, free, direct, equal and secret ballot for a term of five years, renewable once. In no case, no one person can serve more than two presidential terms or extend the term of the mandate for any reason. ”Any citizen of“ national origin ”of any gender who has reached the age of 35 on the day of the application can be elected President. The appointment of the vote, the counting of votes and the announcement of the results are handled by the Constitutional Court. Elections are held in two rounds. The first round is appointed no earlier than 40 and no later than 30 days before the expiration of the current president. The candidate who receives the absolute majority of votes (50%) in the first round is declared elected. If not a single candidate gains an absolute majority, two leading candidates participate in the second round of elections, which takes place no later than 21 days later. The mandate of the new president comes into force on the expiration date of the predecessor. If it is impossible to fulfill their duties, the functions of the President of the Republic are temporarily performed by the President of the National Assembly [3] .
Under the constitutions of 1960 and 1989 (the First and Second Republics), the state system of the country was actually one-party, and there was only one candidate in the presidential election [4] . The 2009 Constitution (Sixth Republic) had no limit on the number of re-elections.
List
Heads of state are listed in chronological order, party affiliation is marked in color.
| Name | Original name | The consignment | Term of office | Rise to power | Resignation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Declaration of independence from France on August 3, 1960 | ||||||
| President of the Republic Président de la republique | ||||||
| Amani Diori ( 1916 - 1989 ) | Hamani diori | Niger Progressive Party - African Democratic Movement | November 9, 1960 - April 15, 1974 [5] | Selected by the national assembly [comm. 1] [5] | Overthrown during a military coup [5] . | |
| Chairman of the Supreme Military Council Président du conseil militaire suprême | ||||||
| Seinie Kunche ( 1931 - 1987 ) | Seyni kountché | Military | April 15, 1974 - November 10, 1987 [comm. 2] [5] [6] | The military coup [5] [6] | Brain cancer death | |
| Ali Saibu ( 1940 - 2011 ) | Ali Saibou | Military | November 10, 1987 [comm. 3] - May 19, 1989 [7] [7] | Appointed by the Supreme Military Council [7] | Continued Board as Chairman of the Supreme Council of National Orientation | |
| Chairman of the Supreme Council of National Orientation Président du conseil d'orientation nationale suprême | ||||||
| Ali Saibu ( 1940 - 2011 ) | Ali Saibou | Military | May 19, 1989 - December 20, 1989 [7] | Appointed by the first congress of a new state party - the National Movement for a Development Society [7] | Continued rule as president | |
| President of the Republic Président de la republique | ||||||
| Ali Saibu ( 1940 - 2011 ) | Ali Saibou | National Movement for Development Society | December 20, 1989 - April 16, 1993 [7] | Elected in general election [comm. four] | New Presidential Election | |
| Mahaman Usman (b. 1950 ) | Mahamane Ousmane | Democratic and Social Concord - Rahama | April 16, 1993 - January 27, 1996 [8] | Elected in the general election [8] [comm. five] | Overthrown during a military coup | |
| Chairman of the National Salvation Council Président du conseil de salut national | ||||||
| Ibrahim Bare Mainassara ( 1949 - 1999 ) | Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara | Military | January 27, 1996 - August 7, 1996 [9] | Military coup [9] | Continued rule as president | |
| President of the Republic Président de la republique | ||||||
| Ibrahim Bare Mainassara ( 1949 - 1999 ) | Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara | National Union of Independents for Democratic Renewal | August 7, 1996 - April 9, 1999 [9] | Elected in the general election [9] [comm. 6] | Overthrown and killed during a military coup [9] | |
| Chairperson, National Reorganization Council Président du conseil de réconciliation nationale | ||||||
| Daouda Malam Vanke ( 1954 - 2004 ) | Daouda malam wanké | Military | April 11, 1999 - December 22, 1999 [10] | Military coup [10] | Voluntarily resigned in connection with the election of the legal president [10] | |
| President of the Republic Président de la republique | ||||||
| Mamadou Tanja (b. 1938 ) | Mamadou tandja | National Movement for Development Society | December 22, 1999 - February 18, 2010 [11] | Elected in the general election [11] [comm. 7] | Overthrown during a military coup [11] | |
| Chairman of the Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy Président du conseil suprême pour la restauration de la démocratie | ||||||
| Salou Jibo (b. 1965 ) | Salou djibo | Military | February 18, 2010 - April 7, 2011 [12] [13] | Military coup [12] | Voluntarily resigned in connection with the election of the legal president [13] | |
| President of the Republic Président de la republique | ||||||
| Mahamadu Issufu (b. 1952 ) | Mahamadou issoufou | Niger Democracy and Socialism Party | April 7, 2011 [13] [14] - present | Elected in the general election [14] [comm. eight] | Acting | |
Comments
- ↑ Amani Diori was the only candidate, elected with 53 votes out of 60 (all present). He was re-elected in the popular elections of 1965, where he was the only candidate and won 100% of the vote, and in the elections of 1970, where he was also the only candidate and got 100% of the vote.
- ↑ Until April 17, 1974 - Chief of the General Staff.
- ↑ Until November 14, 1987 - acting.
- ↑ Ali Seibu was the only candidate in the election and gained 99.6% of the vote.
- ↑ The first elections after the introduction of a multi-party system and the first elections in which more than one candidate participated. Mahaman Usman scored 26.59% of the vote in the first round, taking second place, and 54.42% in the second.
- ↑ Ibrahim Bare Mainassara won 52.22% of the vote and won the first round.
- ↑ Tanja Mamadou won 32.33% of the vote in the first round and 59.89% in the second. Re-elected in 2004, gaining 40.67% in the first round and 65.53%. He amended the constitution to remove restrictions on the number of terms that the constitutional court and the opposition declared illegal.
- ↑ Mahamadou Issufu won 36.06% of the vote in the first round and 57.95% in the second.
Notes
- ↑ Encyclopedia of African History, 2005 , p. 262.
- ↑ Historical Dictionary of the Niger, 1997 , p. 256.
- ↑ Constitution (inaccessible link) . La Présidence de la République du Niger. Date of treatment December 15, 2011. Archived March 23, 2012.
- ↑ Historical Dictionary of the Niger, 1997 , p. 100.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Diori HAMANI . La Présidence de la République du Niger. Date of treatment December 5, 2011. (unavailable link)
- ↑ 1 2 SEYNI KOUNTCHE unspecified . La Présidence de la République du Niger. Date of treatment December 5, 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 ALI SAIBOU unopened (unreachable link) . La Présidence de la République du Niger. Date of treatment December 5, 2011. Archived March 23, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 MAHAMANE OUSMANE . La Présidence de la République du Niger. Date of treatment December 5, 2011. (unavailable link)
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 BARE MAINASSARA IBRAHIM . La Présidence de la République du Niger. Date of treatment December 5, 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 3 DAOUDA MALAM WANKE SOULEY unspecified . La Présidence de la République du Niger. Date of treatment December 5, 2011. Archived March 23, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 3 MAMADOU TANDJA unopened (inaccessible link - history ) . La Présidence de la République du Niger. Date of treatment December 5, 2011. (unavailable link)
- ↑ 1 2 SALOU DJIBO . La Présidence de la République du Niger. Date of treatment December 5, 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 3 In Niger, a military junta transferred power to the president . Vesti.Ru (April 7, 2011). Date of treatment December 4, 2011. Archived March 23, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 SE.M. El HADJ ISSOUFOU MAHAMADOU . La Présidence de la République du Niger. Date of treatment December 5, 2011. (unavailable link)
Literature
- Nizskaya L.O. Republic of Niger. Directory. - M .: Nauka, 1989 .-- 227 p. - 3950 copies. - ISBN 5-02-016972-2 .
- Decalo, Samuel. Historical Dictionary of the Niger (3rd ed.). - Boston & Folkestone: Scarecrow Press, 1997 .-- 486 p. - ISBN 978-0810831360 .
- Kevin Shillington, Editor. Encyclopedia of African History. - Fitzroy Dearborn, 2005. - T. 1. - ISBN 1-57958-245-1 .
Links
- AFRICAN ELECTIONS DATABASE Elections in Niger . Date of treatment December 5, 2011. Archived March 23, 2012.
- World Statesmen.org . Niger . Date of treatment December 12, 2011. Archived February 12, 2012.
- rulers.org . Niger . Date of treatment December 12, 2011. Archived March 23, 2012.