Yelno ( Belor. Yelna ) is a lake in the Miorsky district of the Vitebsk region of Belarus within the borders of the Polotsk lowland . The basin of the river Yelnyanka . It is located on the territory of the large bog Yelnya and the reserve of the same name.
| Lake | |
| Elno | |
|---|---|
| belor Yelna | |
| Morphometry | |
| Absolute height | 138 m |
| Dimensions | 4.85 × 1.52 km |
| Square | 5.42 km² |
| Volume | 0,00852 km³ |
| Coastline | 14.9 km |
| Deepest | 3.5 m |
| Average depth | 1.5 m |
| Hydrology | |
| Salinity | 25 mg / l ‰ |
| Transparency | 0.8 m |
| Pool | |
| Pool area | 14.4 km² |
| Location | |
| A country |
|
| Region | Vitebsk region |
| Area | Miory district |
Content
Description
The lake belongs to the number of rare relict reservoirs that have arisen on the site of a glacial lake. It lies in the center of a large high bog that completely determines the nature of the lake. The lake basin is sharply delineated, the slopes are not pronounced. The western banks, composed of peat, have a height of 1.0-1.5 m and form a wall hanging above the water. The eastern shores are sandy, marshy. The lake basin is a flat depression with a poorly defined transition from the central to the coastal part. The bottom of the lake is lined with sapropel , along the western shore with peat , at the eastern shore - with sand and pebbles.
In the lake Yelno rivers do not flow. Nutrition of the lake, as well as the entire bog surrounding it, occurs due to precipitation. A channel flows from the lake to the nearby Black Lake, which has a depth of up to 7 m (the local name is Nishtok).
Due to the fact that the lake is located in a high bog, Elno is characterized by very low mineralization (less than 25 mg / l) and very high water color (more than 150 °). Water lakes due to the process of rotting substances swamp contains little oxygen.
Plant World
Conditions unfavorable for the development of life are expressed in the weak overgrowing of the lake. The strip of surface macrophytes (reed, reed) is noted only on the sand along the eastern shores. In the area of the duct there is a nodule.
Animal World
The lake is found rare for Belarus crustacean Holopedium gibberum .
The ichthyofauna of Lake Yelno contains only 2 species - pike and perch , since other species of fish cannot live in such conditions.
The lake is of particular importance for birds, both sedentary and migratory, such as geese (gray, white-footed, beaver), teals, pintails and others.
Ecology
Since 1968, the lake, as well as all the surrounding swamp, is part of the hydrological reserve of republican significance "Yelnya".