Kornilov, Boris Petrovich

Boris Kornilov was born July 16 (29), 1907 in the village of Kozhikha, Nizhny Novgorod Province (now the Semenovsky District of the Nizhny Novgorod Region ), into a family of a rural teacher. In 1922, Boris moved to Semenov and began to compose poetry. At the same time, he actively participated in the activities of the pioneer and then Komsomol organizations.

The first publications of individual verses by Kornilov date back to 1923 .

At the end of 1925, the poet left for Leningrad to show his poetry to Sergei Yesenin , but did not find him alive. He joined the Smena group under the direction of Vissarion Sayanov , and there he was soon recognized as one of the most talented young poets in Russia.

In 1926, Kornilov, along with Olga Berggolz , also a participant in Smena, entered the Higher State Courses in Art History at the Institute of Art History . In 1928, when Olga Bergholz turned 18, they entered into a marriage that turned out to be short-lived - Boris and Olga lived together for two years , their daughter Ira died in 1936. Kornilov did not stop at art courses.

I am re-reading Boris Kornilov’s poems - how much strength and talent they have! He was my first man, my husband and father of my first child, Irka. Tomorrow is exactly five years from the date of her death. Boris in a concentration camp, or maybe died.

- diary entry of Olga Berggolts from 03/13/1941

In 1928 he published the first book of poems "Youth". Then, in 1933, collections of "Book of Poems" and "Poems and Poems" appeared.

In the 1930s, Kornilov published the poems Salt (1931), Abstracts of the novel (1933), Criminal Investigation Agent (1933), The Beginning of the Earth (1936), Samson (1936), Tripoli "(1933)," My Africa "(1935). He also wrote songs ( “Song of the Counter” , “Komsomolskaya-Krasnoflotskaya”, etc.), poetic agitation (“Louse”), poems for children (“How the honey began to hurt the bear’s teeth”).

In 1932, the poet wrote about the elimination of the kulaks, and he was accused of "furious kulak propaganda." The poem Tripoli, dedicated to the memory of Komsomol members killed during the kulak uprising, partially rehabilitated it in the eyes of Soviet ideologists.

In the mid-1930s, a clear crisis occurred in the life of Kornilov, he abused alcohol. For “anti-social actions” he was repeatedly criticized in the newspapers. Kornilov was forgiven a lot for his original talent, but in January 1935 the presidium of the Leningrad branch of the Writers' Union severely reprimanded the poet with a warning that he would be expelled from the Union if he did not change his behavior.

In October 1936, Kornilov was expelled from the Union of Soviet Writers .

On November 27, 1937, Kornilov was arrested on false charges in Leningrad.

On February 20, 1938, a visiting session of the Military College of the Supreme Court of the USSR , chaired by the mercenary lawyer Matulevich Kornilov, was sentenced to an exceptional sentence. The verdict contains the following wording: “Kornilov from 1930 was an active participant in the anti-Soviet, Trotskyist organization, which set itself the task of terrorist methods of struggle against the leaders of the party and government.” The sentence was executed on February 20, 1938 in Leningrad.

- Konstantin Pozdnyaev Shooting at the limit. Myths and truth about the tragic death of Boris Kornilov. Literary Review , 1993.

He was posthumously rehabilitated on January 5, 1957 “for lack of corpus delicti”. ^[2]

Songs to verses by Kornilov were performed and printed even after his death with the note “words of the people”, for example, the final song of the movie “The Counter ” (composer Dmitry Shostakovich ) .

Kornilov was married to Olga Berggolz from 1928 to 1930, their daughter died in 1936 (due to a heart complication - decompensated heart disease - after a severely transferred sore throat).

From the second marriage, with Lyudmila Bornstein, the poet had a second daughter - Irina Basova ^[3] . She was born when her father was already arrested, now lives in France. The wife of the artist Boris Zaborov . Irina Basova has two children - Marina and Cyril.

Penetrated by the proximity to nature, the lyrics of Kornilov contain something spontaneous, primordial.

- Wolfgang Cossack

Take Kornilova, a very talented poet, with very strong poetic muscles.

- Nikolai Tikhonov ^[4] .

The poet’s great temperament and greedy sense of life often manifested in his lyrics with biological fullness of a semi-zoological existence and led Kornilov to involuntary apologetics of the kulak excess, to village narrow-mindedness, even to bourgeois nationalism.

- Sergey Malakhov ^[5] .

• Since June 1935 - the house of the Court Stables Office ("writer superstructure") - embankment of the Griboedov Canal , 9.

Books

• Boris Kornilov Youth . Poems. L .: Publishing house "Krasnaya Gazeta", 1928. - 64 p.
• Boris Kornilov The first book . Poems of 1927-1931 M. — L.: Publishing House of the OGIZ "Young Guard", 1931. - 100 p.
• Boris Kornilov All my friends . Poems 1930-1931 M. — L.: GIHL, 1931 .-- 68 p., 3,000 copies.
• Boris Kornilov Book of Poems . M. — L .: Publishing house "Young Guard", 1933. - 132 p. Soup
• Boris Kornilov Poems and poems . L .: GIHL, 1933. - 204 p .; Portr. 5250 copies
• Boris Kornilov Tripoli . Poem. L .: Publishing house "Young Guard", 1933. Sup.-reg. - 96 p.
• Boris Kornilov Tripoli . Poem. 2nd ed. L .: Publishing house "Young Guard", 1934. - 96 p.
• Boris Kornilov My Africa . Poem. L .: Publishing house "Young Guard", 1935. ill. - 76 p.
• Boris Kornilov New . Poems. L .: Goslitizdat, 1935 .-- 120 p. binding.
• Boris Kornilov As the bear began to ache from the bear’s honey . Poems. For preschool age. / Fig. K. Rotova. - M., Detgiz, 1935 .-- 16 p.

Magazines

• Tripoli // Star. 1935. No. 1.
• My Africa // New World. 1935. No. 3.

Editions

• Poems and poems. - L .: "Soviet writer", 1957.
• Poems and poems. - L .: "Soviet writer", 1960.
• “How the bear began to ache from the bear’s honey” - Gorky, 1961.
• “How the bear began to ache from the bear’s honey” - L., 1962.
• “How the bear began to ache from the bear’s honey” - M., 1963.
• "My Africa." L., "Soviet writer", 1963. - 72 p., 20,000 copies.
• Poems and poems. - M., Goslitizdat, 1963 .-- 206 p., 10,000 copies.
• Selected Lyrics. Publishing house "Young Guard", M., 1966.
• Poems and poems. - M.-L.: “Soviet writer”, 1966. - 544 p. - (The poet's library. A large series.). - 40,000 copies.
• Favorites. - Gorky, 1966.
• “How the honey began to hurt from the bear’s honey” - Voronezh, 1966.
• Poems. - M., 1967.
• “How the bear began to ache from the bear’s honey” - Gorky, 1967.
• “How the bear began to ache from the bear’s honey” - Saratov, 1969.
• The continuation of life. - M., Fiction, 1972.
• “How the honey began to hurt from the bear’s honey” - Yaroslavl, 1974.
• “How the bear began to ache from the bear’s honey” - M., 1974.
• The country rises with glory. - M., Sovremennik, 1976.
• Favorites. - Ufa. 1976.
• Favorites. - Gorky, 1977.
• “How the bear began to hurt from the bear’s honey” - Kemerovo, 1977.

• Boris Kornilov. Favorites / Editor G. Antonova. - L .: “Fiction”, 1978. - 192 p. - 25,000 copies.
• Selected Lyrics. - L., 1978.
• Poem. - M., 1978.
• Poems. - Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, 1978.
• Poems. - Gorky, 1982.

• Poems .-- Gorky, 1984.
• Poems. Poems. - Perm, 1986.
• My Africa - M., 1987.
• Favorite: Poems; Poems // Introductory article, compilation, notes by L. Anninsky. - M.: Khudozh. lit., 1990. - 286 p., 50,000 copies.
• Poems. Poems. - M., Soviet Russia, 1991.
• “Song of the Counter”: Compositions / Entry. Art. N. Eliseeva. - St. Petersburg: ABC classic, 2010 .-- 256 p.

• Tsurikova G. Boris Kornilov. - M. - L., 1963.
• Bergholz O. Boris Kornilov. 1907-1938. Life Extension // Russian Poets: Anthology. T. 4. - M., 1968.
• Cossack V. Lexicon of Russian literature of the XX century = Lexikon der russischen Literatur ab 1917 / [trans. with him.]. - M .: RIC "Culture", 1996. - XVIII, 491, [1] p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-8334-0019-8 .

In 1962, the first book by Galina Tsurikova was published in the publishing house "Soviet Writer", dedicated to the life and work of Boris Kornilov ^[6] .

In the city of Semenov , the Kornilov Memorial Museum was opened and a monument was erected. On the border between I and IV Nagorny microdistricts of Nizhny Novgorod (as well as in Semenov), a street and a library (inaccessible link) are named in honor of Boris Kornilov, which is located on Vasyunin Street (according to another version - the street bears the name of Hero of the Soviet Union Boris Kornilov )

In the Nizhny Novgorod-Moscow motorcar depot of the Gorky Railway , the poet named the new electric train ED9M-0265 that arrived in 2010.

In the urban district of Semenovsky , near the village of Merinovo , a children's recreation camp (formerly “Toy”) is named after B. P. Kornilov. A bust of the poet is set in the camp.

In 2007, in Nizhny Novgorod, a book by Valery Shamshurin "I see my earthly beauty ..." dedicated to the poet was published.

In 2011, the book ““ I Will Live Until Old Age, Until Glory ... ” was published. Boris Kornilov ”, which contains selected poems and poems of the poet, newly found texts, the diary of Olga Berggolz, the essay“ I am the last of your kind ... ”, as well as documents from the personal archive of Kornilov’s daughter, memoirs of her mother, materials from the Kornilov’s investigation file from FSB archive. The authors of the idea of ​​creating this book were Natalia Sokolovskaya and the poet’s daughter Irina Kornilova-Basova.

Simultaneously with the book was released the film "Boris Kornilov: Everything about life, nothing about death ...", which was shown on the St. Petersburg channel "100 TV".

On November 22, 2015, in St. Petersburg, on the facade of house No. 9 along the embankment of the Griboedov Canal , the memorial sign “ Last Address ” of Boris Petrovich Kornilov was installed ^[7] .

On July 31, 2017, an exhibition dedicated to the 110th birthday of the poet was opened in the writer's house (9 Griboedov Canal Embankment). It was prepared by the scientific staff of the State Literary Museum "XX Century" ^[8] .

The Boris Kornilov All-Russian Annual Prize was established in St. Petersburg in 1997 in order to preserve the memory of an outstanding Soviet poet. In 1999, the prize was suspended, and in 2008, in agreement with the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation and the Union of Russian Writers, it was restored in a new format. Since 2009, the nonprofit organization Literary Fund “Road of Life” ”(President Dmitry Mizgulin ) became a financial guarantor.

The prize is awarded annually on November 21 at the Russian National Library ^[9] . Among the laureates - the following famous cultural figures (in alphabetical order):

• poet, editor of Nemiga Literary magazine Anatoly Avrutin (Minsk)
• writer, journalist Tatyana Alekseeva (St. Petersburg)
• literary critic Leo Anninsky (Moscow),
• poet, critic Alexey Akhmatov (St. Petersburg)
• writer, journalist, editor of the X-Files newspaper Pavel Vinogradov (St. Petersburg)
• poet, laureate of the State Prize of the RSFSR Gleb Gorbovsky (St. Petersburg)
• poet, editor-in-chief of Neva magazine Natalya Grantseva (St. Petersburg)
• poet, editor-in-chief of Yunost magazine Valery Dudarev (Moscow)
• local historian Karp Efimov ( Semenov )
• literary critic, granddaughter of Soviet poets Yuri Inge and Elena Vechtomova Maria Inge-Vechtomova (St. Petersburg)
• publicist, deputy editor-in-chief of the journal "Our Contemporary" Alexander Kazintsev (Moscow).
• daughter of Boris Kornilov Irina Kornilova-Basova
• poet, prose writer, critic Marina Kudimova (Moscow)
• radio journalist, theater expert Irina Obraztsova (St. Petersburg)
• poet Ekaterina Polyanskaya (St. Petersburg)
• poet, editor of the magazine "Second Petersburg" Andrei Romanov (St. Petersburg)
• poet, prose writer, translator Natalia Sokolovskaya (St. Petersburg)
• poet, critic, publicist Arshak Ter-Markaryan (Moscow)
• poet, journalist Vladimir Khokhlev (St. Petersburg)
• Director of MBUK “Historical and Art Museum” of the Nizhny Novgorod Region Oksana Tsvetkova
• poet Valery Shamshurin (Nizhny Novgorod)
• screenwriter and director Lyudmila Shakht (St. Petersburg)
• poet, editor-in-chief of the almanac "Day of Poetry-XXI Century" Andrei Shatskov (Moscow)

• 07/29/07 Kornilov Boris Petrovich. The hero of the Russian verse (neopr.) . The culture . Date of treatment June 16, 2010. Archived February 9, 2012.
• Interview with Irina Kornilova-Basova, daughter of Boris Kornilov, Echo of St. Petersburg, May 2011
• Interview with Irina Kornilova-Basova and writer Natalya Sokolovskaya dedicated to the release of the book “I Will Live Until Old Age, Until Glory ... Boris Kornilov” in the program “Unplanned Time”, Echo of Moscow, December 4, 2011
• “BORIS KORNILOV: Everything about life, nothing about death ...” A documentary film on 100TV channel