Kharkov Military District

For the first time, the Kharkov Military District was created during the military reform of Minister D.A. Milyutin on August 6, 1864. The territory of the district included Kharkov, Poltava, Chernihiv, Kursk, Oryol and Voronezh provinces. For some time in the 80s of the XIX century, the commander of the district forces simultaneously held the position of interim Kharkov Governor-General . This post was occupied by Count M.T. Loris-Melikov, Prince A.M. Dondukov-Korsakov and Prince D.I. Svyatopolk-Mirsky. By order of the War Department dated October 31, 1888 No. 221, the district was abolished on November 1, 1888, the Voronezh and Oryol provinces became part of the Moscow Military District , and the rest - of the Kiev Military District .

During the Civil War, the Kharkov Military District was formed by the Soviet government on January 27, 1919 in the territory of Kharkov, Yekaterinoslav, Poltava and Chernihiv provinces, but was disbanded on September 16 of the same year due to the loss of territory. Instead, the White Guards, who took Kharkov on June 25, 1919, formed the Kharkov Military Region , which lasted until December (until the loss of Kharkov by Denikin’s troops). In December 1919, after the capture of the city of the Red Army, the Kharkov Military District was re-formed, but in April 1922 it was abolished. His troops are subordinate to the command of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and Crimea . In June of the same year, the Ukrainian Military District (UVO) was formed on the basis of these Armed Forces, which included the entire territory of Ukraine (control in Kharkov , and since 1934 in Kiev ).

On May 17, 1935, in accordance with the order of the NPO of the USSR No. 079, the KhVO was re-created as a result of the division of the Ukrainian military district into Kharkov and Kiev . It includes the territories of Kharkov, Donetsk and Dnipropetrovsk regions of Ukraine and the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The commander of the Kharkov Military District was appointed I.N. Dubova. By 1941, the Kharkov Military District included the Kharkov, Stalin (now Donetsk), Chernihiv, Poltava, Voroshilovgrad and Sumy regions.

On November 26, 1941, the KhVO was abolished in connection with the occupation of Ukraine by Nazi troops. On September 25, 1943, it was recreated again, in addition to the territories indicated above, it additionally included the Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhya region and the Crimean ASSR (on December 18, 1944 it was transferred to the Odessa Military District ). The Chernihiv region was even earlier - October 15, 1943 - transferred to the Kiev Military District . February 4, 1946 was transformed into the Kharkov Territorial Military District and included in the Kiev Military District , May 6, 1946 - disbanded.

In February, the leaders of the Soviet government of Ukraine decided to form a Special Purpose Auto-Armored Division under the Council of People's Commissars of the Ukrainian SSR . ^[1] , ^[2]

On April 21, 1922, the Council of Labor and Defense adopted a decree in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and Crimea (commander Frunze, Mikhail Vasilievich) on the merger of the Kiev military district (commander of the Yakir okrug, Iona Emmanuilovich) and the Kharkov military district (commander of the okrug Kork A. K. ) to the Southwestern Military District . ^[3]

M. Ya. Germanovich was appointed commander of the troops of the Southwestern Military District. The district office was in the city of Kharkov . ^[3]

County formation

May 17, 1935 was the starting point of the new military administrative structure of the Red Army. Instead of the previous structure, 13 military districts were created - Moscow, Leningrad, Belorussian, Kiev, Kharkov, North Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Middle Asia, Volga, Ural, Siberian, Transbaikal and Far East.

The existing division of districts into “border” and “internal” was supplemented by a division into “frontal” and “ rear ” districts. Now those departments of the “border” districts that were “frontal” were to be deployed to the front , and the mobilization resources of the “rear” or “internal” districts had to replenish them. A group of one “frontier” and two “internal” military districts began to constitute a “ strategic direction ”.

On May 17, in accordance with the order of the NPO of the USSR No. 079, the Kharkov Military District was established as a result of the division of the Ukrainian Military District into Kiev and Kharkov. ^[3]

The composition of the district forces on July 1:

• 14th Rifle Corps . Office building in the city of Kharkov . Corps commander

• Office of the 23rd Red Banner, Order of Lenin of the Infantry Division (territorial) in Kharkov .
• Management of the 25th Red Banner Rifle Division named after V.I. Chapaev (territorial) in the city of Poltava .
• Management of the 75th Infantry Division (territorial) in the city of Lubny .

• 7th Rifle Corps . Office building in Dnepropetrovsk . Corps commander

• Office of the 30th Irkutsk Red Banner, Order of the Lenin Rifle Division named after the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (territorial) in Dnepropetrovsk .
• Management of the 41st Infantry Division (territorial) in the city of Krivoy Rog .
• Office of the 80th Order of Lenin of the Donbass Infantry Division (territorial) in Artyomovsk .

• Crimean ASSR RSFSR :

• Office of the 3rd Crimean Rifle Division named after the Central Executive Committee of the Crimean ASSR (mixed) in Simferopol .

• Separate training tank regiment . ^[four]

On September 22, the USSR People’s Commissar of Defense and the Chief of the General Staff approved a plan for the deployment of infantry troops to 100 infantry divisions . The operational plan for the deployment of the Red Army in 1936 provided for the formation of new divisions, the transfer of part of the rifle divisions to wartime (13,000) or to staff with an increase in the number of personnel (10,000, 8,000, 6,000). The number of territorial divisions was reduced, but the staff was 3,100 people. To unite the troops of the fortified areas of the border districts, it was planned to create 4 new administrations of the rifle corps - the 13th, 23rd, 33rd, 43rd. Directorates of the 26th and 39th Rifle Corps were formed in OKDVA . The management of the 2nd Rifle Corps became personnel and moved to BelVO . In 1936, it was planned to introduce a common “through” numbering for all infantry formations and units. The borders of the Soviet Union during 1936 were to be strengthened.

On December 12, 1935, on the basis of the Separate Training Tank Regiment in the district in Kharkov, the formation of the 5th separate heavy tank brigade began . ^[5] Colonel Mikhail Sergeyevich Faktorovich was appointed commander of the brigade. ^[four]

On January 1, 1936, the Kharkov Military District was part of the Southwest direction.

• Its members were:
  • 7th territorial rifle corps (23, 25, 30, 75th rifle division), with the corps in Dnepropetrovsk .
    • 23rd Territorial Rifle Division (type “B”).
    • 25th Territorial Rifle Division (type “A”).
    • 30th Territorial Rifle Division (type “A”).
    • The 75th territorial rifle division (type "A").
  • The 14th territorial rifle corps (3, 41, 80th rifle division), with the corps in Simferopol .
    • 3rd Infantry Division mixed.
    • 41st Territorial Rifle Division (type “A”).
    • The 80th Infantry Division Territorial (type "A").
  • 5th Separate Heavy Tank Brigade

After carrying out organizational measures in 1936-1937, the troops of the Kharkov Military District were to be composed of: the 7th Territorial Rifle Corps (23, 25, 30, 75 Rifle Division), with the corps in the city of Dnepropetrovsk. 23rd personnel rifle division (6,560 people), 25th personnel rifle division (6,560 people), 30th territorial rifle division (3,100 people), 75th territorial rifle division (3,100 people). The 14th territorial rifle corps (3, 41, 80 SD), with the corps in Simferopol.

3rd Personnel Rifle Division (6560 people), 41st Territorial Rifle Division (3100 people), 80th Territorial Rifle Division (3100 people).

The 5th separate heavy tank brigade (5th brigade) was stationed in the city of Kharkov, and summer camps were in the city of Chuguev. In service consisted of medium tanks T-28 and heavy tanks T-35 A. ^[4]

On May 21, by order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR, 5th brigade was allocated to the Reserve of the High Command . It was now intended for the qualitative strengthening of rifle and tank formations during the breakthrough of fortified enemy defense bands. ^[6]

In March 1939, the 5th brigade was transferred to the Kiev Special Military District and relocated to the city of Zhytomyr in the Zhytomyr Army Group .

On July 13, the Defense Committee under the SNK of the USSR approved Decree No. 199ss on the deployment of infantry formations.

August 1. The following units were deployed in the okrug: - Kharkiv Oblast : 23rd Kharkiv SD, 7th Territorial Rifle Corps, with division control in Kharkov.

- Dnepropetrovsk region : 7th territorial rifle corps (23, 25, 30, 75 sd), with a corps headquarters in Dnepropetrovsk. 25th SD named after V.I. Chapaev, with division management in the city of Poltava. 30th Irkutsk named after the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, with the division in Dnepropetrovsk. 75 SD, with the division in Lubny. Hulls: the 7th heavy artillery regiment was stationed in Dnepropetrovsk, the 7th communications battalion was stationed in Dnepropetrovsk, the 7th engineer battalion was stationed in Dnepropetrovsk, the 7th hydrotechnical company was stationed in Dnepropetrovsk.

- Donetsk Oblast : 80th division of the 14th territorial rifle corps, with the division in Artyomovsk.

- Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of the RSFSR : the 14th territorial rifle corps (3, 41, 80 sd), with the corps in Simferopol. 3rd Crimean SD, with the division in Simferopol. 41 SD, with division management in ... Hulls: 14th Heavy Artillery Regiment, 14th Communication Battalion, 14th Engineer Battalion, 14th Hydrotechnical Company.

On August 15, the People's Commissar of Defense issued directives No. 4/2/48605 for the KhVO , according to which they were ordered from August 25 to December 1, 1939 to form new directorates of rifle corps, transfer personnel divisions to a new staff of 8,900 people and deploy triple deployment divisions by 6,000 people.

On August 25, the formation of new departments of rifle corps began, the transfer of personnel rifle divisions to a new staff of 8,900 people and the deployment of divisions of 6,000 people, the so-called triplets. These activities were carried out according to the directive of the NPO of the USSR No. 4/2/48605 of 08/15/1939.

• 7th Rifle Corps (23, 25, 30, 75 SD) in 1935 - 1939, with the corps in Dnepropetrovsk.

• The 23rd Rifle Division, on the basis of its regiments, formed the new 23rd Division in Kharkov, the 134th Division in Mariupol, the 162nd Division in Akhtyrka.
• The 25th Infantry Division, on the basis of its regiments, formed the new 25th in Poltava, 116th in Kremenchug, 147th in Lubny.
• The 30th Infantry Division, on the basis of its regiments, formed the new 30th in Dnepropetrovsk, 132nd in Pavlograd, 156th in Zaporozhye.
• 75th Infantry Division Division management in Lubny.

• The 14th Rifle Corps (3, 41, 80th SD) in 1935-1939, with the corps in Simferopol. The corps guarded the sea border of the USSR.

• 3rd Crimean Rifle Division with division management in Simferopol.
• 41st Infantry Division with Division Management ...
• On the basis of their regiments, the 80th Infantry Division formed the new 80th in Mariupol, 141st in Slavyansk, 192nd in Voroshilovograd.

On September 1, the Supreme Soviet of the USSR adopted the Law on General Military Duty. This law introduced a new manning system of the Armed Forces of the USSR and thus completed the transition from the territorial system to the personnel system of manning. The draft age of citizens decreased from 21 years to 19 years, and for those who graduated from high school (10 classes) - to 18 years. Along with this, the terms of active military service of the military and non-commissioned officers in the ground forces and aviation increased up to 3 years, in the navy - up to 5 years. Now, citizens were supposed to be in stock before the age of 50. These changes were aimed at ensuring that the training and education of the defenders of the socialist Fatherland was complete. ^[3]

On September 1, the German-Polish war began.

On September 9, in the district, according to the directive of the USSR NPO No. 4/2/48902 (addition to D-No. 4/3/48846), three divisions are formed in addition to the measures being taken: 134 (instead of the declining 3 div), 200 , 151 div .

On September 17, the Red Army began a campaign in Western Ukraine and in Western Belarus. ^[3]

In October, the Odessa Military District stands out from the Kiev Special and Kharkov Military Districts . The Kharkov military district now included Kharkov, Sumy, Poltava, Voroshilovgrad, Donetsk and Chernihiv regions.

On December 31, the NCO directive No. 4/2/103009 for the KhVO reorganized in the State Duma in the okrug - 1: 192nd Infantry Division; disbanded in the district - 1: 162nd Infantry Division.

In March 1940 , the 67th Rifle Corps was formed . Office Corps stationed in Poltava. The corps was to include the 102nd Infantry Division , the 132nd Infantry Division , the 151st Infantry Division .

On April 1, 1940, the 14th Rifle Corps was transferred from the Kharkov Military District to the Odessa Military District, which included the 23rd, 25th, 147th Rifle Divisions.

On April 4, 1940, the 132nd and 151st rifle divisions were transferred from the Odessa Military District to the Kharkov Military District . Both divisions were redeployed from 6,000 to 12,000.

On April 4, the 25th and 147th rifle divisions of 12,000 troops were transferred from the Kharkov Military District to the Moscow Military District.

On October 29, 1940, the 52nd light tank brigade completed its formation. Deputy commander of the brigade for political affairs regimental commissar P.I. Nabatov, chief of staff of the brigade lieutenant colonel A.V. Chepurnoy. As of October 29, the brigade had 1,532 manpfs, 501 rifles, 192 machine guns (along with tank), 53 45-mm guns (along with tank), 9 cars and 84 trucks, 91 light tanks T-26, 6 radio stations, 24 tractors. A team was stationed in the city of Glukhov (planned in Chernihiv).

On November 28, 1940, the 31st light tank brigade (2nd formation) was formed. Colonel A.S. Beloglazov was appointed commander of the brigade (from 28.11.40), regimental commissar P.M. Latyshev was appointed deputy brigade commander for political affairs, and Lieutenant Colonel G. S. Rudchenko was appointed chief of staff. The team was stationed in the city of Chuguev. (See the website of the Mehkorpus)

January 1, 1941 . 13th reserve automotive tractor battalion (Dnepropetrovsk).

February 20, 1941.

• The 25th mechanized corps from the 52nd light tank brigade in T-26 tanks (deployed in the town of Glukhov), the 31st light tank brigade and other units began to form in the okrug. On February 20, there were 163 tanks in the corps.

• The 50th Panzer Division was formed on the basis of the 52nd light tank brigade on T-26 tanks (Glukhov).

Commander of the 52nd brigade brigade Colonel B. S. Bakharov appointed commander of the 50th.

• The 55th Panzer Division was formed on the basis of the 31st Light Tank Brigade. The deputy for the political part of the brigade regimental commissar P.M. Latyshev was appointed deputy commander of the 55th TD for the political part. The chief of staff of the brigade, Lt. Col. G. S. Rudchenko, was appointed chief of staff of 55
• 219th Motorized Division . The deputy commander of the 52nd brigade regiment commissar P. I. Nabatov was appointed deputy division commander for political affairs.

March 31, 1941 continued the formation of the 25th mechanized corps. Corps commander Major General S. M. Krivoshein, deputy corps commander for political affairs Brigadier Commissar N. G. Kudinov (from 03.20.41), technical assistant - 1st rank military engineer I.V. Kotlyarov, chief of staff of the corps Colonel D M. Gritsenko. Hull management, hull parts and 50 TDs were deployed in Kharkov, 55 TDs in Chuguev, 219 MDs in Akhtyrka.

50th Panzer Division. Division commander Colonel B. S. Bakharov. Deputy Commander of the Front Combat Brigade G.E. Lenko. Deputy division commander for political affairs regimental commissar P.P. Mirkin. Assistant to the division commander for the technical part, military engineer of the 2nd rank N. I. Vasiliev. Division Chief of Staff Lieutenant Colonel A.V. Chepurnoy. Division composition: 99th, 100th Panzer, 50th Motor Rifle, 50th Howitzer Regiments.

55th Panzer Division. Division commander Colonel V. M. Badanov. Colonel I.V. Vasiliev, Deputy Commander of the Front Division. Deputy division commander for political affairs regimental commissar P.M. Latyshev. Division Chief of Staff Lieutenant Colonel G. S. Rudchenko.

Division composition: 109th, 110th Panzer, 55th Motor Rifle, 55th Howitzer Regiments.

219th Motorized Division. Division commander Major General P.P. Korzun. Colonel I.F. Lunev, deputy commander of the division for combatant unit. The deputy commander of the division for political affairs is regimental commissar P. I. Nabatov. Division composition: 710, 727th motorized rifle, 136th tank, 673rd artillery regiments.

On June 24, 1941, at night, the headquarters of the 25th mechanized corps received an order from the commander of the Kharkov Military District troops on loading on the railway on June 24. Colonel N. E. Argunov, chief of staff of the corps, and Major F.I. Konovalov, head of the operations department, began planning activities to complete the march by rail. On the same day, at the Zalyutino station, a corps control unit with a separate communications battalion plunged. From Kharkov, the corps administration was to proceed along the route Kharkov - Poltava - Kremenchug - Znamenka - Smela - Korsun to the rear of the South-Western Front.

Composition, organization, deployment of the Air Force of the Kharkov Military District

• October 20, 1939
  • population - 5,088 people ^[7]
  • Air Force District Office - State 2/904 ^[7]

District Commanders

• 08/10. — 10.26.1864 - Adjutant General, Cavalry General von der Launitz, Vasily Fedorovich
• 08.1864-02.1865 - Adjutant General , Artillery General Merkhilevich, Sigismund Venediktovich 1st
• 01/06/1865–30.08.1869 - adjutant general, lieutenant general (since 1869 - cavalry general) Brevern de Lagardee, Alexander Ivanovich
• 08/30/1869 - 11/29/18875 - lieutenant general (since 1870 - general from infantry ) Kartsov, Alexander Petrovich
• 12.1875-30.10.1877 - Adjutant General, Lieutenant General Count Sumarokov-Elston, Felix Nikolaevich
• 1877-1879 - Adjutant General, Lieutenant General Minkvits, Alexander Fedorovich
• 04/07/1879 - 12/02/1880 - Adjutant General, Cavalry General Count Loris-Melikov, Mikhail Tarielovich
• 02.14.1880-14.01.1881 - Adjutant General, Cavalry General Prince Dondukov-Korsakov, Alexander Mikhailovich
• 01/14/1881 - 05/08/1888 - Adjutant General, Infantry General Prince Svyatopolk-Mirsky, Dmitry Ivanovich
• 05/08/1882 - 11/11/1888 - Adjutant General, Infantry General Radetsky, Fedor Fedorovich

Chiefs of Staff

• 08/10/1864 - 05/12/18865 - Major General Roop, Khristofor Khristoforovich
• 05.1865—06.1866 - Major General Klugin, Lavr Nikanorovich
• 04.1866—10.1873 - Major General Batesatul, Alexander Mikhailovich
• 12.1873-12.1874 - Major General Petrushevsky, Mikhail Fomich
• 12/18/1874 - 12/18/1888 - colonel, from 1875 - Major General Goncharov, Stepan Osipovich
• 12.1884—10.1888 - Major General Ellers, Alexander Fedorovich

District Commanders

• June 1922 - March 1924 - M.V. Frunze ,
• April 1924 - March 1925 - A. I. Egorov ,
• March 1925 - May 1935 - I.E. Yakir .

Members of the Revolutionary Military Council

• June – December 1922 - V.P. Zatonsky ,
• June – December 1922 - S.K. Minin (second member of the Revolutionary Military Council),
• December 1921 - 1925 - N.F. Novikov ,
• 1925 - June 1927 - N.F. Kuchmin ,
• June 1927 - January 1929 - L. S. Degtyarev ,
• January — December 1929 - G. G. Yastrebov ,
• January 1930 - December 1933 - G. D. Hahanyan ,
• January 1934 - May 1935 - M.P. Amelin .

District Chiefs of Staff

• June – August 1922 - N.V. Sollogub ,
• August 1922 - August 1923 - A.K. Anders ,
• August 1923 - July 1924 - V.N. Chernyshev ,
• July — December 1924 - I. A. Tomashevich ,
• December 1924 - December 1925 - S. A. Mezheninov ,
• December 1925 - December 1928 - P.P. Lebedev ,
• December 1928 - February 1931 - S. A. Pugachev ,
• February 1931 - May 1935 - D.A. Kuchinsky .

Force Commanders

• February — June 1919 - S. L. Kozyura ,
• June — August 1919 - A.I. Kashkarov,
• August — September 1919 - A.V. Surik ,
• February — July 1920 - V.V. Sharapov ,
• July — September 1920 - I.P. Shelykhmanov ,
• September — October 1920 - G. D. Bazilevich ,
• January — February 1921 - F. M. Orlov ,
• March — June 1921 - R.P. Eideman ,
• June 1921 - April 1922 - A.I. Cork ,
• June 1935 - August 1937 - Commander of the 2nd rank I.N. Dubova ,
• September 1937 - February 1938 - commander of the 2nd rank S.K. Timoshenko ,
• February — April 1938 - division commander F.A. Yershakov (acting),
• April 1938 - May 1940 - Comcor I.K.Smirnov ,
• May – December 1940 - Lieutenant General M.P. Kovalev ,
• December 1940 - July 1941 - Lieutenant General A.K. Smirnov ,
• July — October 1941 - Major General A.N. Chernikov (acting),
• October — November 1941 — Lieutenant General V.I. Kuznetsov ,
• November 1941 - Major General of the Tank Forces N.V. Feklenko (interim),
• September — December 1943 - Colonel General Y. T. Cherevichenko ,
• December 1943 - March 1944 - Colonel General V.F. Gerasimenko ,
• March - June 1944 - Lieutenant General S. A. Kalinin ,
• July 1944 - July 1945 - Major General, from November 1944, Lieutenant General P. S. Kurbatkin ,
• July 1945 - March 1946 - Army General I.V. Tyulenev ,
• March — May 1946 - Lieutenant General F.A. Parusinov (interim).

Members of the Military Council

• 05/14/1921 - 09/06/1921 - E.I. Veger ,
• 05/14/1921 - 07/09/1921 - Kozlovsky B.,
• 07/09/1921 - 04/27/1922 - Degtyarev,
• 04/04/1921 - 04/27/1922 - V.V. Sharapov ,
• September 1935 - December 1936 - Army Commissioner of the 2nd rank S. N. Kozhevnikov ,
• December 1936 - May 1937 - corps commissioner E. A. Shchadenko ,
• May — November 1937 - Division Commissioner N. N. Bluashvili ,
• April 1938 - November 1936 - Comcor I. K. Smirnov ^[8] ,
• November 1939 - July 1941 - corps commissar T. L. Nikolaev ,
• July — August 1941 - Brigadier Commissioner A.V. Shchelakovsky ,
• August — November 1941 — Brigadier Commissar G. A. Komarov ,
• September 1943 - July 1945 - Major General P.I. Krainov ,
• July 1945 - May 1946 - Lieutenant General V.P. Mzhavanadze .

District Chiefs of Staff

• July 1935 - May 1937 - division commander P.L. Sokolov-Sokolovsky ,
• November 1937 - May 1938 - division commander I.V. Smorodinov ,
• May – July 1938 - Commander I. G. Zakharkin ,
• April 1939 - December 1940 - brigade commander , from November 1939 commander V.I. Tupikov ,
• December 1940 - July 1941 - Major General V. Ya. Kolpakchi ,
• July — November 1941 - Colonel N. A. Moskvin ,
• November 1941 - Major General P.V. Kotelkov ,
• September — October 1943 - Colonel P.N. Nikulin (interim),
• October 1943 - July 1945 - Major General N. A. Chernyshevich ,
• July — August 1941 - Colonel B.F. Korzhakov (acting),
• September 1945 - May 1946 - Lieutenant General G.K. Bukhovets .

District Assistant Commanders

• 1935-1936 - Comor S.A. Turovsky
• 1936-1937 - commander K.F. Kvyatek

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• Military Encyclopedic Dictionary. Moscow-2002.
• Red Banner Kiev. Essays on the history of the Red Banner Kiev Military District (1919-1979). Second edition, revised and supplemented. Kiev, publishing house of political literature of Ukraine. 1979.
• Feskov V.I., Golikov V.I., Kalashnikov K.A., Slugin S.A. Armed forces of the USSR after the Second World War: from the Red Army to the Soviet (part 1: Ground Forces) / under scientific. ed. V.I. Golikova. - Tomsk: NTL Publishing House, 2013 .-- 640 p.
• Military Encyclopedia, in 8 volumes. M.: Military Publishing. T.8. 2000 .-- S.316-317.
• Half a century ago. The Great Patriotic War. Figures and facts. A book for high school students and students. Edited by G.F. Krivosheev. Moscow, "Enlightenment". 1995.

• Chronicle of events. 1939 year.
• Deployment as of July 1, 1935
• Repressed soldiers of the Red Army. Comcor. p. 58. Turovsky Semyon Abramovich; Divisive, p. 65. Kvyatek Kazimir Frantsevich