Morgunenko, Vladimir Stepanovich

Born on October 12, 1905 in the village of Katerinka ^{[3] [4]} Ananyevsky district, Kherson province, in a family of Ukrainian peasants .

In 1913, the family moved to the village of Skopyevka, Elisavetgrad district, Kherson province.

After the outbreak of the First World War , Vladimir’s father was drafted into the army, before the February Revolution he was in Petrograd and returned home only in December 1917 , inspired by the ideas of October Revolution , which had an important influence on the formation of his son’s worldview.

In 1922, while studying at a seven-year school in the village of Dobrovelichkivka , Vladimir Morgunenko joined the Komsomol , then became the secretary of the local Komsomol organization.
In 1928 he graduated with honors from the Dobrovelichkovsk Pedagogical Technical School, worked as a teacher, and was appointed head of the elementary school in the village of Kumari. He led an active public work to promote collectivization , the organization of Komsomol cells.

In 1930 he was appointed director of the Krymkovskoy seven-year school, he entered the correspondence department of the history department of the Nikolaev Pedagogical Institute named after V. G. Belinsky . He was a member of the Pervomaisky District Komsomol Committee.

In 1937 he graduated from the institute and became the director of the Krymkovsk secondary school, where he worked until the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. He was elected a member of the district committee of the teachers 'trade union, a deputy and a deputy chairman of the Krymkovsk village council of workers' deputies. In 1941 he joined the VKP (b) .

In connection with the retreat of the Red Army , by decision of the Pervomaisky District Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, Morgunenko was left on the territory occupied by the enemy to organize underground work. In early September 1941, the Romanian occupying authorities appointed Morgunenko, whose family was also not evacuated, as director of the Krymkovsk school, forbidding him leaving the village, but on November 25, 1941 the school was closed. Then, at the request of Morgunenko, he was appointed head of the primary school in the village of Petrovka .

Taking advantage of his position, Vladimir Morgunenko, together with the 17-year-old secretary of the Komsomol school of the Krymkovsk school, Parfentiy Grechanym , organized an underground Komsomol organization, which became the basis of the underground youth anti-fascist organization Guerrilla Spark, which consisted mainly of kyzomoltsy high-school students and kryzansky spark, who are living in a community. , Kamennaya Balka , Katerinka , Novoaleksandrovka , Kamenny Most , Stepkovka Pervomaisky District , and numbering 33 people. Members of the underground organization carried out propaganda work among the population, organized sabotage operations against the invaders, many of whom, together with their students, personally participated the school principal.

Under the leadership of Morgunenko, the underground workers secretly purchased 2 radio receivers and a typewriter, which they used to receive and disseminate information from Sovinformburo reports in the villages of Pervomaisky district, sabotage , extract weapons and ammunition for the preparation of sabotage ^[5] .

The first combat operation was carried out by them on the railroad: when the roads in the area of ​​the village of Kamennaya Balka were undermined, 2 German trains crashed, 30 cars with military cargo were destroyed, four tanks with fuel, 15 platforms with cars and tractors. In June 1942, not far from the village of Krymka, a German echelon of 48 wagons with ammunition, platforms with military equipment and tanks with gasoline was derailed.

Despite the conspiracy for which Morgunenko hid his activities even from his wife and daughter, from this time on, the Romanian gendarmerie , collecting information about the activities of the Soviet underground in the occupied territory, began to suspect the school principal of disloyalty and partisan relations.

During the execution of the next mission on the night of February 15, 1943, the combat group was ambushed, 10 underground workers were captured on the spot, 4 were arrested the next day.

On the night of February 18, 1943, the Iskra-ists, led by Parthentius Grecian, attacked the gendarme post, where they kept the detainees, and freed their comrades.

After this, general arrests began. Within three days, several dozen underground fighters were captured, including Vladimir Morgunenko. Despite the brutal torture, he did not betray his students, some of whom were still at large.

On the morning of February 28, 1943, Vladimir Morgunenko, among other members of the underground organization and local people who helped them, was shot 200 meters from the outskirts of the village of Krymka after a twenty-kilometer march along a snow-covered road with wired hands. On March 1, 1943, the tortured bodies of the underground workers, over whom the invaders mocked after death, were taken to a cattle cemetery 2 km from the village of Krymka.

In July 1944, the remains of Vladimir Morgunenko and other dead underground fighters were reburied in a mass grave in a park that was planted before the war by students of the Krymkovsk secondary school. A memorial obelisk was installed at the burial site.

On July 1 1958 the year the organizers and leaders of underground and guerrilla organization "Guerrilla spark" Morgunenko Vladimir Stepanovich, Greceanii Parfentiy Karpovich and Dyachenko Darya Grigorevne awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously), and 44 patriots who participated in the activities of the organization, awarded military orders from 7 of them - the Order of the Red Banner (posthumously), 16 - the Order of the Patriotic War, 1 degree (posthumously), 17 - the Order of the Patriotic War, 2 degrees (posthumous) and 4 - the Order of the Red Star ^[6] .

• By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 1, 1958, for outstanding achievements, courage and heroism shown in the struggle against the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War, Vladimir Stepanovich Morgunenko was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. Awarded the Order of Lenin.

• In the village of Krymka, Pervomaisky District, Mykolaiv Oblast of Ukraine, an obelisk was set up to the underground workers and a memorial museum was created ^[7] .
• In the name of the Hero of the Soviet Union V. S. Morgunenko, a street was named in the village of Krymka, Pervomaisky district, Nikolaev region of Ukraine , and a memorial plaque was installed on the building of the camp site
• The Krymkov school, which was headed by V. S. Morgunenko, was given the name "Partisan spark" .
• In 1957, the film “Partisan Spark” was released on the story of the same name by Sergei Polyakov.
• In 1966–1989, the name “Guerrilla Spark” carried the Soviet cargo ship of the Black Sea Shipping Company ( Odessa ) ^[8] .

• Ivan Gerasimenko . Partizanska Iskra. - Kiev, 1967 .
• Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary / Prev. ed. College I. Shkadov . - Moscow : Military Publishing , 1987. - T. 1 / Abaev - Lyubichev /. - 911 s. - 100 000 copies - ISBN SEC., Reg. Number in the PSC 87-95382.
• Heroes Krimki. - Odessa, 1971.
• Narisi of the history of the Mykolaiv oblast-party organization. - Odessa, 1969.
• Nikolayevshchina during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 .: Documents and materials. - Odessa, 1964.
• Feat glorified. - Kiev, 1985.
• Ukrainian SSR in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. - Kiev, 1975. - Vol. 2.
• Sergey Polyakov . Guerrilla spark (story) .
• Oles Gonchar . Guerrilla spark. Kinopovest

• Morgunenko, Vladimir Stepanovich (rus.) . The site " Heroes of the country ."
• Heroes of the Guerrilla Spark .
• "Guerrilla spark" - the debt orders .
• Yu. A. Bugaevska. Up to 105th day of the day, V. S. Morgunenko’s narodzhennya, Karyvnik of the Komsomolsk Party Organization “Partizanska Iskra” - article on the website of the State Archive of the Nikolaev Region . (in Ukrainian) .