Postage stamps of Ireland

Ireland was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland during the appearance of the first postage stamps of the world in 1840. These brands, as well as all subsequent British issues , were used in Ireland until the new Irish government came to power in 1922.

Starting from February 17, 1922, the available British stamps were printed in Irish to provide the country with standard marks until independent Irish editions appeared ^[1] . After the overprints of the new Ministry of Posts and Telegraphs , a series of standard postage stamps with national subjects was published. She was released on December 6, 1922; The first mark in the issue was a double pen with the image of a map of Ireland (including Northern Ireland, which remained subordinate to Great Britain).

Since then and as of 2015, seven standard series with brands of new and additional face values have been released as needed. These were the main issues of postage stamps for everyday use.

The first commemorative stamps appeared in 1929 and now come out several times a year, marking a variety of aspects of Irish life, such as significant events and anniversaries, the life and culture of Ireland, as well as many famous . Some standard and commemorative stamps , in addition to regular sheets , were made in the form of postal blocks , small sheets , vintage booklets and rolled stamps . Surcharge and air postage stamps complement the totality of issues of two consecutive Irish agencies - issuers of postage stamps. Stamps were printed on paper with two types of watermarks , although, naturally, on early stamps with overprints, which were supplied from the printing houses , there were watermarks typical of British stamps.

All Irish stamps before 1984 were published . After that, the state company (“An Post”) became responsible for issuing postage stamps.

In 1840, the first postage stamps and appeared in England, which were also used in Ireland; their appearance was due to the introduction of a on the letter . Initially, stamps were cut from a brand sheet using scissors, but due to the slowness of this method, they soon resorted to perforation of stamp sheets — piercing the intervals between the stamps. At the same time, it is precisely Ireland that is obliged to the world to spread at the present time the brands of teeth that are everywhere being knocked out at the edges. For the first time it was done in 1847 with the help of a special machine, invented by the Irishman Henry Archer and improved by him in 1852. In the same year, when the bought the right to buy a car from Archer for £ 4,000 ^[2] .

Their identification

To identify postage stamps that were in circulation in Ireland from 1840 to 1922, it is necessary to establish that the stamp extinguished postage stamp refers to the locality of Ireland . The stamps used during this period are called in the philatelic environment “Great Britain used in Ireland” (“British marks extinguished in Ireland”) ^[3] .

From 1840 to 1844, “ Black Penny ” and other stamps on mail correspondence, passing mail, were stamped off with a “ Maltese cross ” stamp. These stamps did not contain any inscriptions or numerals that could indicate their Irish origin. However, based on the design of the "Maltese crosses", some of them can still be clearly attributed to a particular city of Ireland. Cities with identifiable marks include Belfast , Ercourt , Cork , Hollymount , Limerick and Mullingar ^[4] .

After 1844, post stamps began to be used with stamps with text or numeric designations of the city in which the post office was located. The place of cancellation of both types (before and after 1844) is easier to establish if the stamp was not separated from the envelope , since then the postmark impression is fully visible and the address is indicated. In some cases, it is still possible to establish the city in which the stamp was separated from the envelope, in which it was redeemed, if a sufficiently large part of the stamp imprint remained on the stamp.

When transferring authority from the British Post to the postal service of the Provisional Government of Ireland, agreements were reached, according to which it was stipulated that until the Irish started issuing their own postage stamps, the British Post would deliver stamps in sheets to the Irish Post so that they could overprints. However, the official transfer of postal authority occurred January 16, 1922 ^[5] .

For about two and a half months, from the moment of the signing of the contract on December 6, 1921, and before the circulation of stamps on February 17, 1922, British stamps were used to pay postal rates in the Irish territory.

First stamps essay

On February 1, 1922, the sent an invitation to the companies of Dublin and London to submit drawings for the standard issue of postage stamps ^[6] , and by March several design projects had been submitted. The essay was presented by the following companies and printers: Dollard Printing House Ltd. , Hely Ltd. , Perkins, Bacon & Co. " And " O'Loughlin, Murphy & Boland " ^[7] .

Imprints on British stamps

In 1922, as a temporary measure, until the first specially designed standard postage stamps of Ireland were ready, overprints were made on a number of British postage stamps of the time with King George V of Great Britain ^[8] . Stamps without overprints were issued and were in circulation in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1912 to 1922 and continued to be used in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland until 1936. Three printing houses received orders for the production of overprints: “Dollard Printing House Ltd.” , and . In June 1925, the state printing house “Dublin Castle” received an order, which made all the overprints until 1937 ^[9] , when the last marks of high denominations were issued.

Collecting and identifying overprints is not a simple matter, since there are many different variants of the text overprints. David Feldman writes that “the intricate details of the plating (layout on the printed form ), shades, colors of overprints, accuracy of measurements, not to mention many others, often discourage even the most enthusiastic collector” ^[10] . This topic has been given attention in three specialized books or chapters of catalogs, Freeman and Stubbs (1922) ^[11] , Munch ^[12] and Meredith (1927) ^[13] , published within five years; it is considered ^[14] that the work of W. G. Meredith ^{[13] has} no equal.

The two overprints stand alone, reflecting the change in the name of the Irish state in December 1922. In particular, overprint irl. “Rialtas Sealadach na hÉireann” ( ) was originally made on February 17, 1922. In this case, eight brands with overprints of low denominations and three high ones were printed by the firm “Dollard” , and four by the firm “Thom” ^[15] . This overprint consists of four words: “Rialtas Sealadach na hÉireann” and the numerical designation of the year: “1922” arranged in four lines and printed with serifs (additional graphic elements) ^[16] . Post stamps without overprints were allowed to frank correspondence in Ireland until March 31, 1922 ^[17] .

The overprints “Saorstát Éireann” (“Irish Free State”) appeared on December 11, 1922. They are made in three lines using the typographical font sans-serif . They were manufactured by Thom , Harrison and the state printing house. The latest overprinted stamps were regraded by ^[18] brands with King George V in nominal values ​​of 2 shillings 6 pence, 5 and 10 shillings, which were published in 1934 and printed in 1937 for use in Ireland ^[19] .

Standard editions

Since 1922 and as of 2015, there have been seven standard series of postage stamps of Ireland, having a different design. At the same time, two issues also had changed watermarks, and three had a change in the monetary system, which was caused by the transition from the old pound sterling to the decimal system, and later from the decimal system through the mixed one to the euro .

The first twelve standard marks - low face values ​​up to 1 shilling - appeared in 1922-1923, and three high face values, 2 shillings 6 pence, 5 and 10 shillings, were released only on September 8, 1937. The drawings of these stamps are “Sword of Light”, “Map of Ireland”, “ Celtic Cross ”, “ Coats of Arms of the Four Provinces ” and “ Saint Patrick ” ^[20] . In subsequent years, these stamps came out with a watermark and additional face values, until in 1968, new drawings based on early Irish art appeared. The latter are known as “standard Gherl brands” ( Gerl definitives ) - after the German designer Heinrich Gerl ( German Heinrich Gerl ), who created this series of brands. These were the first new drawings in 31 years for high values ​​and for 46 years for low values. The denominations of the three “Gerl” series were indicated in pounds sterling, in decimal currency (both issues were with watermarks) and finally without watermarks ^[21] .

In the period from 1982 to 1988 a series was issued based on the motifs of old Irish architecture , with line art by Michael Craig ( Michael Craig ) and graphics by Peter Wildber. The series consisted of twenty-eight marks in denominations of 1 penny to 5 pounds. Between 1990 and 1995, the postage stamps were based on cultural monuments of Ireland. The standard edition of 1997, which covers a change in currency from the Irish pound through dual currency to the introduction of the euro, depicts the birds of Ireland ^[22] . These were the first standard marks, all face values ​​of which were printed in full color. On September 9, 2004, new stamps appeared depicting flowers growing in forests and in other green areas of Ireland.

A number of Irish standard stamps, in addition to regular sheets, were printed in the form of stamp booklets and rolled stamps ^[23] .

Commemorative stamps. Subject

The very first memorable issue in Ireland — a series of three postage stamps dedicated to Daniel O'Connell — was released on June 22, 1929:

Later, postage stamps of Ireland began to be published on a broad Irish theme, highlighting the important events and anniversaries of Ireland, aspects of Irish life and culture (for example, the holding of the Irish festival ), (statesmen, religious, literary and cultural figures, athletes, etc.) ^[1] , flora and fauna , works of art and Christmas . To commemorate the membership in the European Community, the . Postage stamps were also confined to some international events.

• Memorial stamps dedicated to the festival " An Tostal " (1953)
•  
•  

Until the mid-1960s, the policy of branded emission conducted by Ireland was very conservative: only a few new issues appeared every year, up to four or five commemorative stamps, usually two face values, as well as occasionally updated or new issues of standard stamps ^[24] . Since the 1970s, the number of published postage stamps has increased significantly ^[25] .

Up until the mid-1990s, the post office followed a policy of banning the image of living people. Only three exceptions were made from this rule - on stamps in honor of Douglas Hyde in 1943, in 1977, and Pope John Paul II in 1979. In the 1990s, the policy changed, and since 1995 several postage stamps have been issued, mostly with images of athletes. For example, to the onset of the new Millenium , 30 marks were issued, on which living Irish athletes were imprinted. A number of golfers are depicted on three 2006 postage stamps dedicated to .

Interestingly, Lenin ^{[26] is} on the Irish Postal Block Box ( Sc # 1217) in the 1999 Results of the Twentieth Century edition.

Small sheets

Several Irish stamps were issued in the form of postal blocks and small sheets, including from one to sixteen stamps of one or several drawings of one issue, printed on one sheet and sold in the same format. Small sheets are most often printed in addition to single stamps of the same pattern.

The first small sheet in the form of four postage stamps in the format of “ stamp on stamp ” (that is, with the image of stamps) appeared in 1972 on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the first stamp of Ireland and the independence of the country ^[27] .

It was followed by a small sheet of four marks to mark the 200th anniversary of the United States Declaration of Independence ; postage stamps from this small sheet were also issued as separate stamps. In 1980, a series of four stamps depicting Irish wild animals was published in single stamps and in small sheets.

Since 1983, small sheets have been coming out more and more often, starting with at least one per year to several small sheets each year recently ^[25] .

Booklets

The first stamp booklet (notebook) of Ireland postage stamps went on sale on August 21, 1931. The design of the booklet was a light cardboard cover, stitched along the left side with small sheets of postage stamps (usually with four leaves), leaflets and paved sheets of cigarette paper between them. Until 1956, most of the booklets were covered with advertising in half of the front cover. Until 1963, serial numbers were also put on the front cover: two numbers indicated the serial number plus the year of publication (this procedure was followed for earlier booklets, in later releases the sequence was reversed). After 1963, the serial number ceased to indicate ^[28] . Since 1983, most booklets have not been stapled: the leaflets are glued into a rolled-up cardboard cover ^[29] .

Until 1988, when a booklet with memorable stamps in honor of was first printed, all booklets contained only standard stamps. Since then, An Post has been issuing both memorable and standard booklets, with three times more memorable booklets ^[29] . In 1990, An Post offered the first booklet in which both standard and commemorative stamps were mixed, and on one stamp sheet.

Many postage stamps from the booklet can be recognized by the presence of one toothless side, although some of them have a perforation on all sides. On the booklets before 1977, the design of the printing cliche made it possible to obtain both direct and inverted watermarks in equal quantities due to the track between the marks dividing rows 6 and 7 in sheets of 12 × 10 marks. The track was used for stapling during booklet assembly, which required a turn of rows 4-6 and 10-12 by 180 degrees so that the vintage sheets could be sewn along the left side of the booklet ^[28] .

Watermarks

Irish overprinted postage stamps were supplied by a London watermarking office in the form of the royal cipher of George V. The first Irish watermark was a stylized drawing of two overlapping letters “s” and “e”, constituting the watermark “se” , which designates the name of the country “Saorstat Éireann” (“Irish Free State”). This watermark fell out of use around 1940, when the name of the country changed to “Éire” (“Ireland”): at the same time they began to use paper with a watermark in the form of an “e” , which means “Éire” ^[20] . The postage stamps of that period may have a watermark in any of several different inverted or rotated positions, depending on which side the paper was fed to the printing press ^[30] .

Around 1971, watermarks ^{[31] were} no longer used for issuing stamps of Ireland ^[31] ; therefore, postage stamps currently in circulation are printed on paper without watermarks.

Airmail stamps

In the period from 1948 to 1965, seven Irish airmail brands were issued in denominations of 1, 3, 6, 8 pence, 1 shilling, 1 shilling 3 pence and 1 shilling 5 pence. The stamps with face values ​​of 1 and 3 pennies did not correspond to airmail tariffs, but they were allowed to be used to pay for ordinary correspondence; all other brands paid the corresponding airmail rates that existed at the time of the first issue of the corresponding brand. In addition to special air postage stamps, fares for air correspondence could be paid for by many standard and memorable postage stamps of suitable denominations.

The design of the Irish airmail stamps was designed by the artist . Prior to 1961, stamps were printed by intaglio printing at the printing house of the company Waterlow and Sons in London, and later by the company De La Rue & Co. In Dublin. The figure shows the following story: the flight of the angel Victor, the messenger of St. Patrick, carrying the Voice of the Irish ( ) over the world and flying over four famous Irish landmarks , representing all four provinces of Ireland - ( denominations of 3 and 8 pence), Rock Cashel (1 penny, 1 shilling 3 pence and 1 shilling 5 pence), Glendalough (1 shilling) and 6 (6 pence). Stamps were printed in sheets of 60 stamps with a watermark of type “e” ^[32] .

Surcharge stamps

The collection by the Irish postal administration of postal items with insufficient prepaid postal surcharge tariffs was ensured with the help of bonded postage stamps. Since 1925, six episodes have been printed, while the design of the stamps remained the same until 1980, although the color and watermarks changed. The Irish penny is pingin , used in both Irish pounds ( £. S. D ) and decimal currency, but since it has the same meaning in both systems, it does not determine if it was issued before or after the transition to the decimal system.

In this regard, the identification of the issue requires additional information: if the collector knows the date of use, the presence and type of watermark, as well as the color of the brand, this makes identification easier. For example, a brand with a nominal value of 3 pence was blue in the period from 1940 to 1969, light gray in color from 1971 to 1980; in 1978, it was printed on paper without watermarks. In addition, 1, 5, and 8 pence stamps exist in two different colors depending on the release, and ½ penny, 1, 2, and 6 pence denominations are available with two kinds of watermarks. With the exception of the sixth edition, in the picture of which there is the word “ Éire ” (“Ireland”), the other editions did not explicitly indicate the name of the country. In the first four episodes, words were only marked in Irish ^[33] . On stamps there are the inscriptions: “Postas ie n'ios” and “Postage due” (“Post surcharge”).

Sterling issues

The first issue consisted of additional marks of four denominations, which appeared on February 20, 1925: ½, 1, 2 and 6 pence. The stamps were printed by the state printing house ( Government Printers ) in Dublin Castle on paper with a watermark of the “se” type . Stamps were printed in large sheets of 180 pieces, divided into three sheets of 60 stamps. In the second issue there were ten denominations: ½, 1, 1½, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10 pence and 1 shilling. From 1940 to 1969, stamps were printed on watermark paper of type “e” . The remaining data remained unchanged ^[34] .

Decimal editions

The third issue included seven premium marks with the following denominations in currencies of 1, 1½, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 pence. In the fourth issue of the brand in denominations of 3, 4 and 5 pence were reissued on March 20, 1978 on paper without watermarks. The new drawing, printed by intaglio printing and appeared on June 20, 1980 in ten denominations: 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 18, 20, 24, 30 and 50 pence, became the fifth issue. The stamp list was divided into two parts by 100 marks a coupon between the marks . The sixth issue included ten stamps with a new “Q” pattern ( Q Design ), printed by a lithographic method by Irish Security Stamp Printing ( ISSP ) on watermarked paper on October 6, 1988. The nominal marks are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 17, 20, 24, 30, 50 pence and 1 pound. Additional payment stamps with euro denominations have not been issued.

Irish whole goods were issued in the form of envelopes of registered letters , postcards , envelopes, sekretka , , aerograms and telegram forms with postage stamps printed on them of various drawings to indicate that the postage for sending was paid. After independence in Ireland, at first, previously released British whole things had limited circulation, which, unlike postage stamps, did not overprints. Later on, all preparatory payment stamps used in all the whole things used until 1984 were postage rates, which were variations of the same design - with the in the center, around which the country name in Irish language, “Éire” , and the corresponding denomination with words and number ^[35] . Then this variant was replaced by the trefoil version. Finally, since 1984, An Post has begun to use a wavy line logo variation and the word “POST” ^[35] as a pattern for these postage marks. In addition, on integral items published by An Post , for the design of prints of postage stamps, some postage stamps could be used.

Some early solid things were embossed , but, as a rule, images of postage stamps were printed by typography. The latter was used by the printing house "Dublin Castle" (a division ) until 1984, after which the method of typographical printing began to be applied by An Post .

Utility All Items

Immediately after gaining independence for use in Ireland, a registered letter envelope with a stamp with a nominal value of 5 pence and with a portrait of George V and a telegram form with a brand of 1 shilling in green color were printed. They had an appeal until their own official whole things were made. Irish telegram blanks were only two denominations - 1 shilling and 1 shilling 6 pence. Envelopes of registered letters had different face values ​​and sizes. Printed (but without stamps) envelopes of registered letters were made by private companies and kept by the Irish Post Office until needed. For this reason, the envelopes of previous years, the inscriptions on which indicated outdated prices, often printed the stamp of the current postal tariff, which led to the emergence of many subtypes for collectors. Printed postage stamps were printed on other products, such as commemorative and special postcards. These include the St. Patrick's Day card series, which have been on sale annually since 1984 ^[36] .

Up until 1987, airbrushes were released without specifying the amount of collection. They could be obtained free of charge at post offices after paying the corresponding tariff applicable to the postage stamp purchased for sending the aerogram. Most of the airbrushes with ready-made postage marks were sold with a small surcharge over the sum of the mailing rate at the time for forwarding the airbrush ^[37] .

Custom Franking

In connection with the law, known as “stamping privilege” (i.e. franking rights), companies, public associations and individuals were allowed to submit pre-printed envelopes, postcards, sekretki, etc. of their own design to the postal administration of Ireland postage payment. Envelopes with a transparent window for the address were popular for sending mail with printed materials. The most prolific organization was the , which for more than 40 years used electricity meter recording cards and visiting record cards ^[38] . Among the organizations that used custom-made whole things were the , the state-owned public transport , the Esso company and the company from Dublin. On the existence of custom-made envelopes of registered letters there is no information. Obviously, An Post abolished the right to franking without publicly announcing it, since the use of custom-made whole things became rare after the transfer of control over the Irish Post to An Post in 1984. There are only five organizations that have taken advantage of this right. For the period from 1963 to 2000, a small number of solid things were found, which were released for philatelic purposes by six manufacturers ^[39] .

From 1922 to 1983, all postage stamps were issued by the Irish Post Office Oifig an Phoist , which was a structural unit of the Ministry of Posts and Telegraphs. During this period, it used the services of the following companies to produce overprints or stamps: “Dollard” ( “Dollard” ), “Tom” ( “Thom” ), “Dublin Castle”, or “Irish Government Printers ” ( “Irish Government Printers ” ), Waterloo and Suns ( Waterlow and Sons ; London), “ De La Rue and Co. ” , ( “ Bradbury Wilkinson and Co. Ltd. ” ; London),“ Harrison & Sons Ltd. ”( “ Harrison and Sons Ltd. ” ; London) and“ Irish Security Stamp Printing Ltd. ”( “ Irish Security Stamp Printing Ltd. ” ) ^[40] .

After 1984, the state company An Post is responsible for publishing all the postage stamps in Ireland. Most brands were manufactured by Irish Security Stamp Printing Ltd., although a small number was printed by Harrison & Sons Ltd. (London), Quest ( Questa ), Walsall Security Printing ), “Prinset Pty Ltd.” ( “Prinset Pty Ltd.” ; Australia ) and “SNP Cambeck (Sprintpack)” ( “SNP Cambec (Sprintpak)” ; Australia) ^[40] .

Among philatelists, the English word “forerunner” (“predecessor, predecessor”) usually describes a postage stamp that was used in the period prior to the issue of a region or territory of its own postage stamps. However, in the Irish handbooks, such as the “Handbook of Irish Philately” ( “Handbook of Irish Philately”), the term “forerunners” is usually used to refer to political and propaganda vignettes . They are often similar to postage stamps, but few of them were stuck on mailings in Ireland, and they did not have any legal status with regard to mail in Ireland.

Irish-veterans of the US Civil War in New York issued four denominations - 1, 3, 24 (dark green) and 24 cents (mauve), which are known as the " Fenian release" of 1865-1867. The stamps of the colonial type of 1893 are informal essays and are classified as fakes ^[41] .

In 1907–1916, Sinn Fein , one of the nationalist organizations of the time, printed propaganda vignettes symbolizing Irish statehood . Their use as postage stamps was prohibited by postal rules ^[41] . The first vignette depicted a Celtic cross , similar to the one chosen later for the two standard stamps of 1923, the second one shows a female figure and a harp in an oval frame. In 1912, vignettes appeared with the inscription “Imperial Union” (Imperial Union), depicting a larger harp and a woman’s figure. These vignettes, which express sentiments, are believed to have been printed in Manchester in opposition to the Sinn Fein vignettes. After the Parliament (self-government) for Ireland, an Irish republican organization in 1916 produced vignettes with portraits of three nationalist heroes known as the against the background of the Irish tricolor . The fakes of these vignettes are widespread ^[41] . After the Easter uprising of 1916, sympathetic Americans printed eight “ERIE PUIST” vignettes with portraits of seven well-known leaders of the movement and vignettes “harp and trefoil”. A mistake in writing “ERIE” instead of could have been made in a hurry ^[41] .

The Irish Republican Army (IRA), which controlled most of the country's south during the Irish Civil War , issued a vignette in denominations of 1, 2, and 6 pence, mainly due to the lack of postage stamps. They were printed in Cork and were supposed to go on sale in August 1922, but at that time the army of the Irish Free State landed near Cork, and before retreating from Cork, the IRA set fire to its own barracks, destroying most of the vignettes ^[41] .

New Irish postage stamps can be purchased from the An ^] of An Post at Dublin Central Post Office . Commemorative and special postage stamps are usually available within a year from the date of issue.

Some collectors try to assemble a basic collection of the most common stamps from 1922 to the present, although this may be difficult nowadays because of the circulation of stamps ^[43] . Many collectors focus their efforts on collecting one type of stamp, standard or commemorative, or even one issue, for example, “standard Gerl stamps” ^[44] . First-day envelopes are popular, especially with full series pasted, although older issues are harder to find because in the case of some of them, in the early years (from 1929 to 1940s) less than a million high-denominations were printed, which is significantly less circulation of 20 million and above, which produced the majority of brands of low denominations in the same period ^[43] .

Overprints that were very popular in the early years are a complex topic, which is very difficult for an advanced philatelist ^{[14] [45]} .

Numbering Systems

The Post Office of Ireland never published the official numbering system of postage stamps issued by it, so collectors use the numbering systems of the postage stamps of a popular catalog of postage stamps ^[47] , such as Stanley Gibbons , Scott , MacDonnell Whyte ( MDW ; the last edition was published in 1991), “Hibernian” or “ Michel ” ^[48] . There are differences between these numbering systems, which lead to different ordering of stamps, with some brands present in some lists and not in others ^[47] - as a rule, these are varieties that, according to the publisher, have no place in the general, non-specialized catalog . For example, the first postage stamp of Ireland, the “Map of Ireland” with a nominal value of 2 pence, which appeared in 1922, is listed under number 68 in the Scott catalog, No. 43 in Michel, No. D4 in the Hibernian and MacDonnell Whyte and No. 74 are in the Stanley Gibbons catalog ^[49] .

Collectors tend to use the catalogs that are published in their region and in their native language, so the Scott catalog is most common in the US, as evidenced by the use of its numbers in catalogs of American vintage auctions. On the contrary, in England and Ireland they use the numbering of the Stanley Gibbons catalog, since the British publishing house Stanley Gibbons Limited publishes the catalog ^[50] , which is preferred in these countries ^[≡] . More advanced and more specialized collectors use the “ David Feldman ” catalog, later called “MacDonnell / Feldman” , and even later called “MacDonnell Whyte,” from 1978 to 1991, and the “Hibernian” catalog (1972, 1976, 1980 editions). (1983, 1985, 1986 and 2002).

Philatelic societies

There are a number of associations of collectors collecting and exploring Ireland's postal issues:

National organizations

• Dublin Philatelic Society ( Eng. Dublin Stamp Society - DSS ).
• Irish Philatelic Society ( IPS ).

It has more than a hundred years of history. It began its activities as the Irish Philatelic Club after the meeting held in Dublin on February 12, 1901 by nineteen collectors who responded to an ad in the newspaper The Irish Times ^[51] .

International societies

• The Irish Philatelic Association ( Éire Philatelic Association - ÉPA ) is based in the USA.
• The Irish Philatelic Circle ( IPC ) is located in England.
• ( Forschungs- und Arbeitsgemeinschaft Irland eV - FAI ) is located in Germany.

Ireland Post and Philately

• An Post - Home (eng.) . An Post. - Official site of the Irish state-owned company An Post. The appeal date is February 15, 2009. Archived January 30, 2012.
• Ireland (English) (not available link) . Stamp Atlas . Sandafayre Stamp Auctions. The appeal date is April 13, 2009. Archived January 30, 2012.
• Irish Postage Stamps at the University of Notre Dame (not available link) . Department of Notre Dame. - Collection of postage stamps of Ireland by Dr. Charles Wolf. The appeal date is February 15, 2009. Archived January 30, 2012.
  • Part 1: The Forerunners (Unsolved) (inaccessible link) . - predecessors. The appeal date is February 15, 2009. Archived January 30, 2012.
  • Part 2: The Overprints (Unreferenced) (inaccessible link) . - Overprints. The appeal date is February 15, 2009. Archived January 30, 2012.
• Ireland (eng.) . All World Stamps . Stanley Gibbons Limited . - The stamps of Ireland in the Stanley Gibbons online catalog . The appeal date is February 15, 2009. Archived January 30, 2012.
• Ireland (English) (not available link) . A — Z of postal authorities. Encyclopaedia of Postal History . Stampsite: The Encyclopaedia of Postal Authorities. - Information about stamps of Tanzania in the database "Encyclopedia of the history of mail. Encyclopedia of postal departments. The appeal date is February 15, 2009. Archived January 30, 2012.
• IPTA Membership List (English) . Links . Stampa - Irish National Stamp Exhibition. - Professional Association of Irish Philatelic Dealers - Irish Philatelic Traders Association (IPTA); archived version. The appeal date is February 15, 2009.
• Make your selection for the area of ​​Ireland (English) (inaccessible link) . Images database . Stamps in Europe: Europeanstamps.net. - Images of postage stamps of Ireland. Search engine for postage stamps of Europe. The appeal date is February 15, 2009. Archived September 29, 2008.

Philatelic societies

• Welcome to the Éire Philatelic Association (English) . Éire Philatelic Association. - Irish Philatelic Association; based in the USA. The appeal date is February 15, 2009. Archived January 30, 2012.
• FAI-Germany, die Forschungs- und Arbeitsgemeinschaft Irland eV (Eng.) . FAI-Germany eV. - The Irish Philatelic Society, based in Germany. The appeal date is February 15, 2009. Archived January 30, 2012.
• Irish Airmail Society (English) . Postal Censorship Site . Karl Winkelmann. - Irish Airmail Society; specializes in Irish aerofilatelia . The appeal date is February 15, 2009. Archived January 30, 2012.
• Homepage (English) . Irish Philatelic Circle. - The Irish Philatelic Circle is an Irish philatelic society based in the UK. The appeal date is February 15, 2009. Archived January 30, 2012.