Caerlaverock Castle is a medieval Scottish castle in the Dumfries and Galloway region , in the southwest of Scotland . Earlier, 200 meters south of the current location of the castle, there was a wooden fort, which for some reason was abandoned. Nowadays it is under state guardianship.
| Castle | |
| Kerlawerk Castle | |
|---|---|
| English Caerlaverock | |
 Kerlawerk Castle, Scotland | |
| A country | Scotland |
| Region | Dumfries and Galloway , southwestern Scotland |
| First mention | 1220 year |
| Established | 1300 year |
| Status | Under state care |
| Material | |
| condition | Ruin |
| Site | |
Content
Castle History
The first mention of Kerlaverok dates back to 1220 and describes it as a wooden fort 200 meters south of the current location of the castle. For some reason, the fort was abandoned, and around 1270 a new castle with the same name was built. The founder and owner of the castle, Herbert Maxwell , belonged to one of the most influential clans of Scotland . [2]
In 1296, Edward I Plantagenet , king of England , captured Scotland and forced many Scots to take the oath of allegiance to him. Among the sworn were Herbert Maxwell and his son John. The Scots soon rebelled. In 1300, Edward invaded Galloway , one of the centers of resistance, and unleashed his anger, including at the castle of Kerlawerk. [2]
The army of Edward I consisted of 87 knights and 3,000 warriors. The siege did not last long, and soon Lord Maxwell and his garrison of 60 people were captured. The castle remained in the hands of the British until 1312 . [2] [3] The keeper of the castle at that time was none other than a relative of Herbert Maxwell, Sir Eustace Maxwell, who, as a border lord, showed a remarkable talent to be a servant of two masters - in 1312 he swore allegiance to the Scottish king Robert Bruce . [3]
After the death of Bruce in 1329, the crown was inherited by his young son, David II, and the struggle for power began again in Scotland . Sir Eustace immediately went over to the side of Edward Balliol , who wanted to remove Bruce from the throne. In 1332, Sir Eustace restored and fortified the Kerlawerok and transferred it to Balliol . [2]
In the 15th century, the castle was partially rebuilt by Lord Herbert Maxwell, 1st Lord Maxwell, and his son Robert, 2nd Lord Maxwell, and in the 16th century, Kerlawerk again appears in descriptions of conflicts between England and Scotland . In 1542, before the Battle of Solway Moss , King James V visited the castle. In that battle, the Scots suffered a crushing defeat, in addition, the British captured Robert, 5th Lord Maxwell. He was soon released, but not for long - in 1544, the British again captured him and captured the castle of Kerlaverok. [2]
A year later, the Scots managed to recapture the castle. It is known that in 1593 the owner of the castle was Robert, the 8th Lord Maxwell, and the fact that Kerlawerok was "perfectly fortified and many people worked inside it." In 1603, the Scottish king Jacob VI ascended the English throne, and after a large number of wars, peace came on the border. [3]
By the end of the 18th century, the castle became a popular tourist attraction, and in 1946 it was transferred to state guardianship.
Visitor Information
The castle is open throughout the year. From April to September - daily from 9.30 to 18.30. From October to March - daily from 9.30 to 16.30. Adult ticket: £ 4.50. Children's ticket: £ 2.00.
Notes
- ↑ (unspecified title) - doi: 10.1080 / 00665983.1999.11078906
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Caerlaverock Castle . www.electricscotland.com. Date of treatment June 30, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Undiscovered Scotland: info@undiscoveredscotland.co.uk. Caerlaverock Castle Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk. Date of treatment June 30, 2017.
See also
- List of castles in Scotland