Drainage machine (rail)

In the late 1950s , drainage machines for longitudinal drainage were created on the USSR railways , which were moved by a traction winch along a special copy path parallel to the railway track. At the end of the 1970s, the design of a drainage machine based on a chain trench excavator on a crawler track was proposed, which does not need to be laid an additional path.

Distinguish drainage machines transverse and longitudinal drainage.

The drainage machine for longitudinal drainage works in recesses, in zero places and station tracks . The bucket working body forms a trench with a depth of 2.3 and a width of 0.5 meters, into which expanded clay-concrete pipe filters connected by elastic couplings that enter through a pipe-laying device are laid. Open ground is conveyed by filling conveyors to the stacked pipe filters. The longitudinal slope (up to 0.005 ° / 00) and the specified depth of the trench are provided by a tracking carbon-cable system. Preliminary planning of the route is carried out by a bulldozer or motor grader . The performance of the drainage machine in the soils of the first group is up to 80 m / h, the weight of the machine is 12 tons.

A drainage machine for transverse drainages was created in the 1950s on the basis of a railway platform with a scraper-type working body (designed by V.X. Balashenko ). In the 1970s, a drainage machine was developed having a horizontal auger drilling working element driven by an internal combustion engine. The drainage machine is designed to work on the slopes of embankments or ditches when draining ballast recesses (including for releasing free water from lodges, bags and pockets of the subgrade), as well as for drilling wells when laying communication lines under a railway track or road. The machine is securely fixed on the slope, which ensures the maintenance of a given slope of the well, which is controlled by a removable sighting device. The well is filled with pipe filters, draining material (sand, gravel, crushed stone) or remains empty (ventilation). Dimensions and weight (550 kg) allow you to transport the car by car. The diameter of the boreholes is 0.11 and 0.15 meters, length up to 30 meters; screw feed speed 6 mm / s; engine power 9 kW .

In the 1980s , a drainage machine was created on the basis of a narrow trench excavator with attachments, tearing trenches 0.27 meters wide and 1.6 meters deep. Using the equipment, the drainage machine places flexible drains from pipe filters or plastic corrugated pipes at the bottom of the trench and puts the trench into the trench with a plow. The operating speed of the machine is up to 800 m / h.

In some countries (the Netherlands , France , Germany , the United Kingdom , and the USA ) drainage machines on the railway have been used, operating when the track is closed for repair. ^[one]

Georgetown Rail Equipment manufactures a Slot Machine complex for digging ditches and trenches, which includes articulated gondola cars without end walls and an excavator moving along them. Low side walls do not interfere with excavator operation. These complexes have been in operation since 1992 . on US First Class Railways, in Canada and Mexico . Due to its multifunctionality, the complex can be used for sampling ditches during one working day, and on the next day for collecting sleepers or rails. This versatility allows you to effectively use the capabilities of this complex and minimize downtime.

Knox Kershaw offers a new technology for improving drainage on US railways. This technology has been used in Europe since 1979, primarily in Germany. The DCM 600 uses two components: a rotary trencher and a leveling plow. Thanks to this, the machine not only digs and cleans the cuvettes, but also forms slopes on the subgrade to drain water from the ballast to the cuvettes. The DCM 600 can work on both sides of the track and in both directions, compared with other machines of this type, has the highest productivity and can become the most efficient and economical machine for digging ditches and drainage devices.

• Rail transport: Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. N. S. Konarev . - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia , 1994. - S. 126. - ISBN 5-85270-115-7 .