The calcaneus ( lat. Os calcis ) - sesamoid bone of the foot , is the largest of all bones of the foot. Refers to the type of spongy bones . Connected to the cuboid bone and the talus .
| Calcaneus | |
|---|---|
| lat Os calcis | |
 Subtalar joint | |
 Left calcaneus, lateral surface. | |
| Catalogs | |
Structure
The largest bone of the foot, having an elongated shape and compressed laterally. It consists of the body and the protuberance of the calcaneus protruding from behind. On the inner side there is a ledge, which is called " support of the talus " [2] .
It belongs to the group of sesamoid bones - bones located in the thickness of the tendons, in places where the tendons spread through the joints (in the wrist, knee joint, foot). Sesamoid bones protect the tendons and keep them at some distance from the center of the joint, increasing the strength of the shoulder.
Functions
Three muscles are inserted into the calcaneus: gastrocnemius, soleus and plantar, which help with walking, running and jumping. They also provide plantar flexion of the foot, bending the knee and strengthening the legs on the ankle while standing. The calcaneus also serves as an attachment point for the short muscles that run along the sole of the foot and control the toes.
The calcaneus arch provides a springy connection between the forefoot and the entire leg. Dissipates and splits the energy of the forefoot impact on the ground into uniform parts for sequential absorption by the muscles and tendons of the leg, then the pelvis, and then the torso and head.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Foundational Model of Anatomy
- ↑ Human Anatomy / edited by V.I. Kozlov. - M .: Physical education and sport, 1978. - S. 101. - 464 p.