Tolstoy, Nikolai Ivanovich

Nikolai Tolstoy (on the tombstone the surname is given in the form of “Tolstoys”) was born on October 26, 1758 in a noble family . Along with high-ranking court counts P. A. Tolstoy and Prince N. I. Saltykov, he was a grandson of the Nezhin colonel Peter Tolstoy .

On January 6, 1774, Tolstoy was registered as a corporal in the Preobrazhensky Life Guards regiment as a corporal , where he entered the military service on January 1, 1781 with the rank of ensign .

He fought in the Russian-Swedish war of 1788-1790. and for the courage shown in battles with Swedish rowing vessels in the battle of Rochensalm and in the battle of Vyborg, Tolstoy was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir of the 4th degree with a bow and a gold sword with the inscription "For Courage" .

During the Second Battle of Rochensalm, N.I. Tolstoy, being wounded in the right hand with a cannonball and unable to hold his sword, was captured by Swedish soldiers, where he stayed until September 1790 until the war ended.

On January 1, 1792, Tolstoy was appointed colonel to the Russian army, but then retired in which he was on October 9, 1801 , when he was sent to the Commissariat expedition of the Military College in the same rank.

On April 11, 1804, Tolstoy was awarded the rank of Major General with the appointment of the chief overseer of the Moscow Military Hospital.

During the Patriotic War of 1812, before the soma of the Borodino battle, Tolstoy arrived at the Russian troops with eight hundred wagons and directed the dispatch to the city of Moscow. Before Mikhail Kutuzov left Moscow, he directed the sending of the wounded to the rear, through Ryazan to Kasimov, where a large hospital was located, equipped in many respects with the efforts of Tolstoy. For these merciful labors, he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir of the 3rd degree.

After Napoleon left Moscow, Tolstoy was engaged in a hasty reconstruction of a military hospital and even donated 10 thousand rubles (a very significant amount at that time) from his own funds.

After retiring for health reasons, he lived in Moscow.

Count Nikolai Ivanovich Tolstoy died on February 15, 1818 and was buried in the Donskoy Monastery .

• Dictionary of Russian generals, participants in the hostilities against the army of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1812-1815. // Russian archive. The history of the Fatherland in the evidence and documents of the XVIII — XX centuries. : Collection. - M .: TRITE studio N. Mikhalkova , 1996. - T. VII . - S. 574 . - ISSN 0869-20011 . (Comm. A. A. Podmazo )