Bolshovskoye rural settlement (Belgorod region)

It is located in the Central Black Earth zone 160 km east of the regional center - the city of Belgorod , at the junction of four areas: Krasnensky , Krasnogvardeisky , Novooskolsky and Chernyansky . To the regional center - the village of Red - 25 km. The total area of ​​the settlement is 55.07 km². From west to east, the settlement territory is crossed by the Korocha - Chernyanka - Krasnoye - Ostrogozhsk highway.

The territory of the Bolshov settlement, as well as the entire Belogorye , is located on the slopes of the Central Russian Upland in the forest-steppe zone. The terrain is riddled with numerous ravines , in some places covered with oak copses. In many places on the surface chalk deposits appear, covered in the summer with a fragrant carpet of thyme. Logs often serve as natural boundaries of a settlement. So, the northern border of the settlement runs along the Volch Yar and Lytnev Log, the eastern - along the Katylyovo Hollow, Elderberry, Kableka. Colonies of marmot-marmots live on the slopes of the logs; in dense thickets of copses you can see hares and foxes, and hedgehogs often settle right in the yards of the inhabitants, in nooks and crannies.

The first farms appeared on the territory of the Bolshovsky settlement in the first half of the X | X century. At that time, half of the settlement’s lands were communal, and the other half were landlords. South of the land highway belonged to the peasant community of the village of Bolshebykovo of the Krasnogvardeisky district, and the owners of the northern part were the landowners Ostankov and Blinov. The lands were used as agricultural land, so no one lived on them constantly. After the Stolypin reform , when it became possible to stand out from the community with their allotment, many initiative peasants exercised this right and moved closer to the cultivated land. Three wealthy peasants, the Gavrilov brothers, were the first to establish the Old Redkodub farm, which is why this farm was originally called Gavrilov. After the revolution, all communal and landowner lands were divided among the peasants, and the mass settlement of these lands began.

By the beginning of the 1930s, immigrants from the village of Bolshebykovo created and settled 10 villages: Stary Redkodub, Bolshoi, Bl. Rossoshki, Distant Rossoshka, Yapryntsev, Dolgiy, Pig, Priblishche, Buzina and Malinovo. The northern part of the territory (former landowners' lands) was settled by immigrants from more remote areas, there were 4 farms: Sadovy, Kalinin, Pervomaisky and Blinovka. The Kalinin farm was founded by settlers from the village of Lesnoye Ukolovo, the Pervomaisky farm from the village of Prepavye, Krasnensky District, the Blinovka farm from the village of Lubyanoye, Chernyansky District, the Sadovy farm from the village of Khokhol-Trostyanka, Ostrogozhsky District, Voronezh Region. Each farm had from 7-10 to 40-50 yards, a total of about 250 yards, and at least 1,500 inhabitants.

During the years of collectivization, many wealthy peasants were dispossessed and exiled to Siberia and Kazakhstan, where their descendants now live. In each farm, with more than 20 households, collective farms were created (a total of 10 collective farms were created). The names of some collective farms later went to the names of farms (Pervomaisky, Kalinin). Each collective farm had a reading room where students could learn to read and write, as far back as the 1930s, a film movement appeared. A seven-year school opened in Stary Redkodub Farm (in 1962 it became an eight-year school), elementary schools opened in Pervomaisky and Near Rossoshki farms, kindergartens worked on each collective farm.

The consolidation of collective farms took place in the 1950s, all 10 small collective farms were merged into one large collective farm, Soviet Russia, which in the 1970s, after another consolidation, became a branch of the Pamyat Lenin collective farm with a central estate in the village of Raskhovets. But after 15 years, the collective farm “Soviet Russia” was restored to its former borders.

The Bolshovskoye rural settlement was established on December 20, 2004 in accordance with the Law of the Belgorod Region No. 159 ^[2] .

Beginning in the 1960s (after the introduction of certification in rural areas), the population of farms began to decline. Youth in droves began to move to cities. By the end of the 1980s, sparsely populated farms gradually disappeared: Blinovka, Sadovy, Elderberry, Piglet, Long, Dalny Rossoshki, Malinovo. Schools in Pervomaisky and Near Rossoshki closed. In all eight grades of the Old Redkodubov school, about 40 students studied.

In the 1980s, measures began to change the demographic situation for the better. About 30 cottage-type houses built by collective farmers were built, a two-story House of Culture was built, an asphalt road was laid to the central estate of the collective farm.

By nationality, the composition of the population is as follows: Russians - 538, Ukrainians - 9, Turks - 45, Germans - 1, Dargins - 2, Azerbaijanis - 3. Young people aged 14 to 30 are 132 people. In 2007, 1 child was born, in 2008 - 6.

The main wealth of the settlement is fertile chernozem soil, one of the best chernozems in the world. The basis of the economy is the branch of the State Unitary Enterprise “Grain of Belogorye”, which owns or rents 3,186 hectares of arable land. 343 hectares belong to farms, 286 hectares are cultivated in personal subsidiary plots. Cereals are grown, sunflower, sugar beets.

Of the total able-bodied population, 36 people work in agriculture, 70 in the public sector, and 7 people are engaged in private business. 60 people work outside the district.

Modernity

In the 1990s, fundamental economic transformations took place. The collective farm “Soviet Russia” turned into a joint-stock company in which each shareholder became the owner of five hectares of arable land. A small part of the villagers became farmers. Over time, many owners sold their land share, and bought their state-owned agricultural enterprises. So on the lands of the settlement a branch of the State Unitary Enterprise “Grain Belogorye” arose.

A new high school and two private shops have been built in the village of Bolshoi. An exit fair is held weekly. All farms are gasified, access roads and streets are paved, 3 payphones are installed.

Hero of the Soviet Union Mikhail Dmitrievich Chubarykh was born in the Old Redkodub farm. His name is given to the local high school.

• Rural settlement administration site